Intensive care unit (ICU)-a awm emaw, emergency room (ETU)-a thawk harsatna nasa tak neia hruai a nih a, doctor-te'n "ABG ti rawh" an tih thuai lai kha i hmu tawh em? Hei hi thisen test pawimawh tak leh specialised deuh a ni. Vawiin hian awlsam takin, i hriatthiam theih tur angin kan sawi dawn a ni.
A awlsam zawngin, he ABG test hi eng nge ni?
ABG (Arterial Blood Gas) hi kan taksaa thisen kalna kawng (Artery) atanga thisen tlem te lakchhuahna a ni. Tunah chuan, "Thisen test dang hian vein atanga thisen lak a, eng nge a danglamna?"
Hetiang hian han ngaihtuah teh. Kan taksa hi khawpui ang a ni.
- Arteries hi khawpui pakhata thil pawimawh tak tak oxygen leh nutrition ang chi rawn kengtu highway lian ang mai a ni.
- Vein hi khawpui chhunga kawngpui hlui ang mai a ni a, chu chuan bawlhhlawh carbon dioxide ang chi thil bawlhhlawh chu khawpuiah a phur kir leh thin.
Chuvangin, kan taksa peng hrang hrang, a bik takin thluak leh thinlungah oxygen engzat nge a thlen tih chiang taka hriat kan duh chuan chu "highway"-a thisen awm chu kan test a ngai a ni lawm ni? Chuvang chuan ABG test atan artery atanga thisen lak a ni.
He test hian i thisena oxygen leh carbon dioxide awm zat a teh ber a ni. Tin, i thisen acid-base balance, a nih loh leh pH a teh bawk. He balance hi kan taksaa thil kalphung zawng zawngah a pawimawh hle.
ABG test hian eng nge a teh tak tak?
ABG report i en chuan lehkha thenkhat hriatthiam harsa deuh deuh i hmu ang. Mahse a awmzia chu a awlsam khawp mai. Chu hlutna pakhat zel awmzia chu i en ang u.
| A tehna | A awmzia awlsam tak |
|---|---|
| pH | Hei hian i thisen acidic zia a hriattir che a ni. He value hi 7.35 leh 7.45 inkar a ni tur a ni. Chu aia hniam chuan i thisen chu acidic a ni tihna a ni a, a sang zawk chuan alkaline a ni tihna a ni. |
| PaO2 (Oxygen pressure thenkhat) 1.1. | Thisen a oxygen awm zat. Hei hian i lung atanga thisenah oxygen a lut tha em em tih a tilang a ni. |
| PaCO2 (Carbon dioxide pressure thenkhat) 1.1. | I thisena carbon dioxide awm zat. Hei hian i taksain carbon dioxide a paih chhuah that zia a tilang chiang hle. |
| HCO3 (Bicarbonate) tih a ni. | Hei hi kan thisenah hian base a ni. Kidney-in a control a ni. Thisen pH inthlauhna atan a pawimawh hle. |
| O2Sat (Oxygen a tam lutuk) 1.1. | Thisena protein hemoglobin engzat nge oxygen a phur tih a tarlang a, percentage angin. I kut zungtang i dah pulse oximeter pawhin a value inang chiah a teh a ni. |
Engtikah nge ABG test neih a ngai?
Hei hi routine check-up atana test tih a ni lo. Emergency leh damdawi ina awm tawhte dinhmun enfiah nan tih a ni fo thin . Doctor-in he test hi a order theih chhan lian ber berte chu hetiang hi a ni:
- Thâwk harsatna nasa tak: Asthma natna zual leh lung chhunga tui awm (acute respiratory failure) ang chi te.
- Infection na tak tak: Nunna atana hlauhawm infection, sepsis emaw septic shock emaw-ah.
- Diabetes kaihhnawih harsatna: Thisen acidic a nihna dinhmun, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) ang chi te.
- Heart attack emaw heart failure: Lung hnathawh a chawlhsan thut (Acute heart failure) emaw, thinlung a tawp (Cardiac arrest) emaw a nih chuan.
- Kidney failure: Kidney-in thisen atanga acids tha taka a paih chhuah theih loh chuan thisen chu acidic a lo ni ta a ni. He dinhmun hi zir rawh.
- Poisoning: Toxin thenkhat ei a nih chuan thisen pH a inthlak thin.
- Surgery lian tak tak neih hma leh neih zawhah: Anesthesia pek lai leh operation hnua damlo thawkna dinhmun enfiah thin.
- Chronic lung diseases: COPD (Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) ang natna nei te tan enkawlna a hlawhtling em tih en rawh.
Engtin nge he test hi tih a nih? A na em?
ABG test neih hi thisen test pangngai nen chuan a danglam deuh hlek a ni.
Test hmain
A chang chuan supplemental oxygen pek i nih chuan test hma minute 20 vel ah tihtawp theih a ni. Hei hi oxygen tel lova i taksa hnathawh dan en nan a ni. Mahse oxygen tel lo chuan i ti thei lo tak tak a nih chuan i ti lo mai thei. I kutphah atanga thisen lak a nih chuan doctor emaw trained officer emaw chuan test awlsam tak ‘Allen test’ an tih chu i kut ah thisen kal tha a awm em tih hriat nan a ti thei ang.
Test a lak lai hian
1. Doctor emaw trained professional emaw chuan i kutphah chhung (radial artery), i elbow (brachial artery) bulah emaw, i groin (femoral artery)-ah emaw artery a hmu ang.
2. A hmun chu uluk takin silfai la, disinfectant hnawih rawh.
3. Tichuan, zungbun te tak te tak mai chu thisen zam chhungah dahin thisen tlem te te chu syringe-ah lak luh a ni.
4. To be honest , hei hi vein atanga thisen lak ai chuan a hrehawm deuh thei. Hei hi a chhan chu kan vun hnuaiah hian artery hi a thuk deuh a, a chhehvelah nerve a nei tam zawk a ni. Mahse a natna chu needle an dah lai tak chauh a ni.
5. Thisen mamawh zat lakkhawm hnuah, needle chu la chhuakin, cotton emaw gauze emaw hmangin pressure pe la, minute 5 atanga 10 vel thisen chhuah kha tihtawp rawh Thisen tihthianghlimna damdawi i ei a nih chuan pressure rei zawk i hnawih a ngai mai thei.
Test zawhah
Needle dahna hmun chu a hring deuh emaw, a sen emaw pawh a ni thei. Hei hi thil pangngai a ni. I doctor chuan thisen lak hnu darkar 24 chhung chu chu kut hmang chuan thil rit tak tak chawi lo turin a hrilh ang che.
ABG test result hi a rang hle a, a tlangpuiin minute 10-15 chhungin a awm thei a, a chhan chu heng result te hi emergency thila thutlukna siam thuai nan a pawimawh hle a ni.
Report-a average value te hi engtin nge an awm?
Heng value te hi lab hrang hrangah a inang lo deuh thei a, mahse hengte hi tuipui level-a puitling hrisel tak tan chuan average value a ni. I report-a hlutna awmte chu i doctor hnenah zawhfiah a tha ber.
| A tehna | Normal Range a ni |
|---|---|
| pH | 7.35 - 7.45 inkar a ni |
| PaO2 | 75 - 100 mmHg inkar a ni |
| PaCO2 tih a ni | 35 - 45 mmHg inkar a ni |
| HCO3 | 22 - 26 mEq/L inkar a ni |
| O2Sat a ni | 95% - 100% vel a ni. |
Heng value te hi normal range pawn lam a nih chuan i taksain oxygen a hmu tlem tihna a ni thei , emaw carbon dioxide chu i system atangin a chhuak tha lo tihna a ni thei bawk , emaw i thisen acid/base balance a out of balance tihna a ni thei bawk . I doctor chuan he report, i natna lan chhuah dan leh test dangte hmangin i chunga thil dik lo awm chu a hre chiang ang.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- ABG chu thisen test pangngai vein atanga lak a ni lo va, taksa tana oxygen petu thisen kalna lian tak, artery atanga lak chhuah special test a ni.
- Hei hian thisen chhunga oxygen, carbon dioxide leh acidity (pH) te a teh ber a ni.
- Hei hi emergency leh thil pawi tak, thawk harsatna, natna khirh tak tak, leh thinlung natna te a hmaa hriat theihna atan a pawimawh hle.
- Thisen test pangngai aiin a hrehawm deuh mai thei a, mahse a thu hriatte chuan nunna chhanhimna kawngah a pui thei a ni.
- I ABG test result leh a awmzia te chu i enkawltu doctor nen sawiho fo ang che.
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