I thisen kal dan chu a constricted niin i hria em? Arterial Insufficiency chungchang hi han sawi ila!

I kal lai hian a chang chuan i keah na i nei em? A nih loh leh hmun ṭhenkhatah chuan luak chhuak emaw, rilru hah emaw i nei em? Hengte hi thil random mai maiah ngai suh. Hei hi i taksaa thisen kal dan a chak lo deuh tih chhinchhiahna a ni mai thei. Vawiin hian thupui pawimawh ve ve kan sawi dawn a ni. Chu chu thisen kalna kawng (arteries)-a thisen kal tlahniam, a nih loh leh doctor-te’n `(Arterial Insufficiency)` an tih ang chi hi a ni.

Arterial insufficiency tih hi eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin, hei hi kan taksaa thisen kalna kawng pakhat emaw, a aia tam emaw kal tlanga thisen kal zat a tlahniam lai a ni. Arteries hi tube system ang mai a ni a, chu chuan kan taksa pum puiah oxygen tamna thisen chu thinlung atanga taksa peng leh tissue dang zawng zawngah a phur a ni. Chuti a nih chuan, heng tube te hi a block emaw, a tawi emaw a nih chuan eng nge thleng ang? Chutah chuan thisen kal a tlahniam a ni. Hei hi a chhan ber chu artery wall-a thau a punkhawm vang a ni a, hei hi ``Atherosclerosis'' an ti a ni.

Kan taksa peng tin hian hna thawk turin oxygen tamna thisen a mamawh a. Chuvangin thisen kalna kawng (arteries) te hian thisen an thawn tha thei lo a nih chuan kan taksa peng leh taksa peng hrang hrangte hi a thawk tha thei lo ang. Hei hian harsatna lian tak a thlen thei a ni .

He natna (Arterial Insufficiency) hian kawng lian pahnih a nghawng thei che a ni:

1. Acute arterial insufficiency: Hei hi chhan eng emaw vanga thisen kal a tlahniam thut emaw, a tawp vek emaw (a tam zawkah chuan thisen zam) a ni. Hei hi emergency medical treatment mamawhna a ni.

2. Chronic arterial insufficiency: Hei hi a hnuaia damdawi lam dinhmun (a tam zawkah chuan a chunga kan sawi tak atherosclerosis) avanga thisen kal a tlahniam zauh zauh thinna a ni . Hun a kal zel a, symptoms te chu a na zual sauh sauh a, complication awm theihna a sang chho zel bawk.

A pawimawh ber chu he natna hi hriat hmasak a, uluk taka enkawl a nih chuan harsatna lian tham a thlen theihna chu nasa takin a tlahniam thei a ni.

He dinhmun hian engtin nge kan taksa a nghawng?

Arteries-a thisen kal tlem hian kan taksa peng hrang hrang, a bik takin taksa peng lian leh ke peng hrang hrangah thisen a tihtlem phah a ni. Hei hian taksa a nghawng dan chu eng artery nge a tawi emaw a block emaw tih ah a innghat a ni .

Hetiang hian han ngaihtuah teh:

• I kawr chhunga thisen kalna kawng (carotid emaw vertebral arteries) te chu a zim a nih chuan, entirnan, carotid artery disease an tih dinhmunah chuan i thluak a nghawng a ni
• Aorta -a harsatna, abdominal aortic aneurysm ang chi chuan i rilru, i hnungzang, leh i pum a nghawng thei a ni.
• Heart-a thisen pe chhuaktu coronary arteries -ah blockage a awm a nih chuan , chu chu coronary artery disease an ti a, chu chuan i thinlung a nghawng nghal vek a ni.
• Small intestine (the ``Superior mesenteric artery``) , ``Mesenteric artery stenosis`` ang chi natna a awm chuan i small intestine hnathawh a nghawng thei a ni.
• Kidney-a thisen pe chhuaktu arteries (renal arteries) , renal artery disease an tih natna a awm chuan i kal (kidney) a nghawng dawn a ni.
• I kea thisen kalna kawng (arteries) a block , peripheral artery disease (PAD) ang chi te hian i ke leh ke a nghawng thei a ni .
• Pulmonary embolism tih natna, thisen zam, i lung chhunga thisen kalna kawngte tikhawlotu chuan i lung a nghawng thei a ni.

Mahse, thisen kalna kawng (arteries) kal tlanga thisen kal tlem hian taksa peng tinreng hi indirect takin a nghawng tak zet tih hriat reng a pawimawh bawk. Taksa chhunga thisen kalna kawng (artery) block ber hnaih ber hmunah symptoms i hmu thei. Mahse, chuta thisen kalna kawng (Atherosclerosis ang chi) tizualtu (atherosclerosis ang chi) ang chiah kha taksa hmun dangah pawh a thleng thei a ni. Entirnan, i kea thisen kalna kawng (atherosclerosis) avanga thisen kalna tlahniam rei tak i neih chuan i thinlungah pawh chutiang bawk chu i nei thei a ni.

Kan taksa peng tin hian dam khawchhuah nan oxygen kan mamawh a. Organ emaw tissue emaw hian oxygen a hloh nghal a nih chuan chu organ chu darkar tlemte chhungin a tichhe thei a, `Acute arterial insufficiency` a nih chuan. Hei hian thisen kalna kawng (arteries)-a thisen kal tlem avanga nunna atana hlauhawm emergency a thlen thei a ni:

• Critical limb ischemia: Kut , ke, emaw kea thisen kal khap.
• Heart attack: Thinlung lama thisen kal dan khap.
• Pulmonary embolism: Lung chhunga thisen kal dan khap.
• Stroke: Thluaka thisen kal dan khap.

He natna hi enkawl dik loh chuan thihna thlen thei a ni a, chuvang chuan a natna lan chhuah dan hriat a pawimawh em em a, i doctor nen i hlauhawmna chungchang sawipui a pawimawh hle.

Arterial blood loss leh venous blood loss hi eng nge an danglamna?

Heng pahnih hi thisen kal dan nena inzawm thil a ni a, mahse a danglamna tlem a awm.

Arterial insufficiency hi thisen kalna kawngah harsatna a awm a . Venous insufficiency hi thisen kalna kawng (veins)-a thisen kal dan (thisen thianghlim lo phur kir lehtu thisen kalna kawng) a ni.

A awlsam zawngin:

• Arteries hi thinlung atanga thisen thianghlim, oxygen tamna taksa pum puia phurtu a ni.
• Vein hi oxygen tlakchham, thisen thianghlim lo chu thinlungah a rawn hruai kir leh thin a ni.

Heng dinhmun pahnihte hi a chhan hrang hrang a ni. Arteries-a thisen kal tlem chhan ber chu thisen kalna kawngkhar (atherosclerosis)-a thau awmkhawm vang a ni. Vein-a thisen kal tlem hi ke ruh a chhiat vang a ni ber.

Arterial insufficiency hi taksa khawi hmunah pawh artery-ah a awm thei a, mahse venous insufficiency an tih hian ke a nghawng ber a ni.

Heng pahnih hian ke na leh nuam lo a thlen thei a ni. I ke a na reng a, a rit, a hring emaw, a chau emaw a nih chuan, heng symptoms te hi doctor pan ngei ngei tur a ni.

Hei hi eng symptoms nge ni?

Mi thenkhat chuan an natna a nasat hma emaw, emergency a lo thlen hma emaw chuan symptom an nei lo thei. Mahse, mi thenkhat chuan symptoms an nei thei a, chungte chu:

• Dizziness: Balance hloh anga hriatna.
• Intermittent claudication: Ke na, i kal laiin a awm a, i chawlh laiin a reh. Hei hi thil engemaw i tih laiin i ke a na a, a bik takin kea i kal laiin a na a, chawlh rei vak lo hnuah a natna chu a reh a ni.
• Ke emaw ke ruh natna: Ke emaw ke ruh emaw a kang, a na, chawlh lai pawhin.
• Vun rawng leh vun rawng inthlak danglam: Ke leh keah vun a hrual a, a hring a, vun rawng a inthlak bawk.
• Pum natna: Pum na, chaw ei atanga minute 15-20 vel atanga intan, darkar engemaw zat a awm a, a reh hnua a reh thin.
• Ulcers: Ke leh ke (a bik takin ke ruh)-a hliam dam thei lo. Hengte hi thisen kal tha lo tihna a ni.
• Weight loss: Ruahman lawk loha taksa rihna tihtlem.

I taksa hmun khat aia tamah thisen kalna kawng (arteries) a tawi emaw, a inkhar emaw a ni thei. Entirnan, kea peripheral artery disease (PAD) nei te hian coronary artery disease (CAD) an vei tam zawk. Chuvangin, harsatna tin nena inzawm symptoms inzawmkhawm i nei thei. Chuvang chuan natna lanchhuahna tenau ber pawh i hriat veleh doctor hnenah hrilh vat a pawimawh.

Emergency symptoms - hengte hi ngaihthah suh!

A hnuaia symptoms te hi i neih chuan 911 (Sri Lanka-ah 1990) ah call la, damdawi in hnai ber pan nghal rawh. Hengte hi damdawi lama emergency chhinchhiahna a ni thei:

• Chest na emaw tightness emaw a awm.
• Pahnihah i hmu emaw, i mit hmuhna i hloh emaw ang maia inhriatna.
• Fainting a ni.
• Tissue thihna (`Gangrene`) (vun dum, rimchhia).
• Vun dum, thawmhnaw lum, emaw vun dum emaw.
• Pulse rate a sang nghal zung zung.
• Thusawi hrual (slurred) a ni.
• A rilru, kut, ke, kawr, emaw, hmuiah emaw natna nasa tak, rang tak.
• Chhan awm lovin thawk harsa nghal.
• A chhan hriat lohvin a kekawrte, kawr, pum, leh/ emaw hnungzang natna emaw, natna emaw a awm nghal.

Symptom thenkhat nen chuan call pawh i siam thei lo mai thei. Chuvangin, a theih chuan `medical alert device` (necklace ang chi) chu engtik lai pawhin i bulah dah la. Tin, i chhungte leh i thiante hnenah heng symptoms te hi hrilh bawk ang che. An hriat veleh 1990 an rawn call theih nan.

Engvangin nge hetiang hi a lo awm? A chhan engte nge ni?

Arteries-a thisen kal tlem chhan lian ber pahnih chu:

• Atherosclerosis: Artery wall-a thau awm (atherosclerosis): Thau awm, cholesterol ang chi chu thisen kalna chhungah a pungkhawm a, a ti tawi emaw, a tikhawlo vek emaw a ni.
• Thrombosis: Artery chhungah thisen zam a lo awm a, thisen kal dan a tikhawlo.

Engtin nge hei hi i diagnose?

Doctor-te chuan he natna hi i natna lan chhuah dan zawtin, i medical history an la a, taksa enfiahna hmangin an hmuchhuak thin. I doctor chuan i dinhmun chungchang a theih ang anga hriat theih nan zawhna tam tak a zawt ang che. Entir nan:

• I symptoms te chu engte nge ni?
• Heng symptoms te hi eng chen nge a awm tawh?
• Khawiah nge a natna chu i hriat?
• Symptoms hi a lo thleng a, a kal zel em? A nih chuan engtikah nge an lo kal?
• Symptoms tihtlem nan eng nge i tih theih ang?

Doctor chuan hetiang hian a sawi bawk ang che:

• I medical history hmasa ber kha.
• I chhungkuaa natna kal zel (genetically related).
• Tuna i neih mek damdawi dang.
• Damdawi i hman thin te.

Taksa endik chhung hian doctor chuan a hnuaia mite hi a ti thei ang:

• I hmai sir khat a tlak leh tlak loh en turin nuihzat turin an ti che a.
• Pulse hi taksa hmun hrang hrangah (a rilru, kutphah, leh ke ruh te) ah enfiah thin a ni.
• Thisen sample lak a ni a, arterial disease nena inzawm thei level hrang hrang enfiah a ni.
• I mit leh i hmuh dan a check ang.
• I vun rawng emaw, i vun rawng emaw a inthlak danglam em tih en rawh.
• Skin ulcer a awm leh awm loh enfiah thin ang che.
• Kut pahnihah thisen sang teh a ni.

He exam hian i doctor hnenah thil tam tak a hrilh thei a ni. Mahse, i thisen kalna kawng (arteries) chungchang hriat belh duh chuan test bik engemaw zat an ti thei bawk.

Test dang neih belh leh a ni

Taksa hmun hrang hranga thisen kalna kawng (arteries)-a thisen kal tlem zawk hriat theihna tura pui thei test thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Ankle-brachial index (ABI): Hei hian ke hnuai lam thisen sang leh kutphaha thisen sang nen a khaikhin a. Hei hian kea thisen kalna kawng (arteries)-a thisen a kal that zia a tilang thei a ni.
• CT Angiogram (`Computed tomography angiogram - CTA`): Thinlung (coronary arteries), kut, ke, emaw intestines-a thisen pe chhuaktu thisen kalna kawng 3D thlalak a la a, blockage zawng turin a pui thin.
• Echocardiogram (`Echocardiogram - echo`): Thinlung hnathawh dan enfiah nan sound wave a hmang.
• E.C.G.-in a sawi. (`Electrocardiogram - ECG/EKG`): Thinlung electric hnathawh dan record a ni. Thisen kal dan leh thinlung thawk mumal lo lama harsatna a hriat theih.
• Pulse volume recording: Kea thisen volume inthlak dan a teh thin. Blockage a detect thei.
• Vascular ultrasound: Sound wave hmangin i thisen kalna kawng (i kawr chhunga awm te pawh tel) thlalak a la a, blockage awm leh awm loh a zawng thin.

Enkawlnate chu engte nge ni?

Enkawlna chu a natna chhan leh a nasat danah a innghat a ni. I tana enkawlna tha ber tur chu i doctor nen sawiho rawh. Enkawlna kawng thenkhat chu:

• Atherectomy (arteries atanga plaque lakchhuahna surgery).
• Kawr thisen kalna kawng (`Carotid endarterectomy`) tihbo nan operation tih a ni.
• Coronary artery bypass hmanga grafting (`Coronary angioplasty`) hmanga tih a ni.
• Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) hmanga tih a ni.
• Nunphung thlak danglam: exercise lak, ei leh in hrisel ei.
• Damdawi: Thisen sang, cholesterol, leh thisen sugar level control.
• Thisen zam tihziaawmna damdawi (Anticoagulants).
• Mesh tube te tak te (`Stents`) hmanga thisen kalna kawng hawn reng thin.

Tute nge hetiang hi vei theihna hlauhawm zawk? (Risk Factor hrang hrang) 1.1.

Tu pawhin `Arterial insufficiency` an nei thei. Mahse mi thenkhat chu risk sang zawk an ni. Heng condition te hi i neih chuan risk sang zawk i nei bawk:

• Thinlung thawk mumal lo (`Atrial fibrillation`).
• Zunthlum (`Diabetes Mellitus`) natna a ni.
• Thisenah cholesterol sang (`Hyperlipidemia`) a awm.
• Thisen sang (Hypertension).
• Protein C tlakchhamna a awm.
• Protein S tlakchhamna a awm.
• Thisen chhuak rang lutuk (`Thrombophilia`) tihna dinhmun.
• Cancer kaihhnawih thisen zam (`Trousseau syndrome`).

Risk factor dangte chu:

• Kum 60 chunglam a ni.
• Naupai lai.
• Meizial leh zuk leh hmuam hman.
• Estrogen awmna birth control pill hman.

Hemi lakah hian engtin nge i inven theih ang? (Invenna) 1.1.

Nunphung tihdanglam hian he hlauhawmna tihziaawmna kawngah hian kawng thui tak a zawh thei a ni. I tih theih ṭhenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Nitin exercise la. Ni khatah minute 30 tal kea kal tum ang che, kar khatah ni nga. Exercise thar i tan hmain i doctor nen inbiakna neih hmasak phawt ang che.
• Meizial zu leh zuk leh hmuam hman hi bansan vek rawh. Hei hian vaping leh chewing tobacco a huam tel bawk.
• Thinlung hrisel ei leh in zawm rawh.
• Zu in hi tihtlem rawh. Mipa tan chuan ni khatah vawi hnih aia tam in tur a ni lo. Hmeichhia tan chuan ni khatah vawi khat aia tam in loh tur.
• I rihna control rawh. I tan chuan taksa rihna hrisel chu eng nge ni tih i doctor zawt rawh.
• Damdawi pek chu a hun takah ei tur a ni.
• Kum khatah vawi khat tal medical checkup neih thin ang che.

Hetiang dinhmun hi engtin nge kan nunpui ang?

Arterial insufficiency nena kan nun hian hengte hi hre reng ang che:

• Exercise plan siam rawh. Mi zawng zawng hi kan inang vek lo. Exercise i duh ber thlang rawh. Zai atanga ice skating atanga park chhunga kal thlengin engkim a ni thei. Tin, nitin nunphungah step tlemte dah belh theih dan tur zawng bawk ang che. I doctor hnenah eng exercise nge i tan a him tih zawt fo ang che.
• Ei leh in hrisel ei dan tur ngaihtuah rawh. Mediterranean diet leh DASH diet ang chi thilte hi han en teh.
• I vun chu thianghlim takin vawng reng ang che. Hei hi PAD, zunthlum kaihhnawih neuropathy emaw, peripheral neuropathy dang emaw i neih chuan a pawimawh hle. Nitin i ke leh ke sil la, moisturizer hnawih bawk ang che. Vun rawng a danglam, a hring, a hliam emaw a awm leh awm loh enfiah thin ang che.
• Meizial zu leh zuk leh hmuam hman kha bansan rawh. I doctor hnenah tanpuina dil rawh.
• Kekawr nuam tak ha rawh. Kekawrte hi a thlawptu tur a ni a, a fit tha tur a ni.

A tawp berah chuan thil hriat reng tur

Doctor appointment leh follow-up zawng zawng kha vawng reng rawh. I doctor chuan eng chen nge i lo haw tur tih a hrilh ang che.

Tin, symptom thar emaw, i symptoms-a inthlak danglamna emaw i hmuh chuan doctor ko nghal rawh. I natna lan chhuah dan list print chhuah a, i hnena dah mai pawh a \angkai thei bawk. Nitin nun buai takah hian symptom pakhat hmuh loh a awlsam a, a nih loh leh "eng nge hei hi?" Chuvangin, i fimkhur tur thilte chu hre reng ang che. He thu hi i hmangaih tak takte hnenah share ve rawh.

`Arterial insufficiency` i nei tih i hriat chuan, "Engtin nge hei hi ka siam that ang?" Chu chu kan damloh laia kan ngaihtuah hmasak ber a ni. Hun chu hnungtawlh a, thil danglam tak ti thei ila i duh mai thei. Mahse hei hi hnunglam thlir hun a ni lo va, hmalam thlir hun a ni.

Tuna i neihte hi ngaihtuah ber rawh. Eng inthlâk danglamna nge i siam nghâl theih? Engte nge pawimawh ber? Nunphung thlak danglam leh enkawl dan tur chungchangah doctor hnen atangin kaihhruaina la rawh. A pawimawh ber chu he zinkawng hi nangmah chauhin i paltlang a ngai lo. I doctor leh i healthcare team zawng zawng chu i artery hriselna tihchangtlun turin an awm a ni.

` Artery blockage, thisen kal tlem, lung natna, thisen kalna kawng, hriselna, stroke, cholesterol