I mit chhungah "bull's eye" pattern i nei em? He (Bull's Eye Maculopathy) chungchang hi i zir chiang ang u!

I dam em? Vawiin hian mit natna hriat tlem, mahse pawimawh tak mai kan sawi dawn a ni. A chang chuan kan mit hian kan hriat lohvin kan hmuh dan a thlak danglam thei. Target board-a target ang maia lang pattern i hre tawh em? Chu chu he ``Bull's Eye Maculopathy'' an tih dinhmunah hian a thleng thin. A hming hi a mak deuhin a ri a ni lawm ni? Mahse, lungngai suh, chipchiar tak leh awlsam takin sawi ila.

``Bull's Eye Maculopathy'' hi eng nge ni? A awlsam zawngin sawi ila...

Bull’s Eye Maculopathy hi thil awm lo tak a ni a, retina hmun pawimawh ber macula -a cell te chu a chak lo zauh zauh a, a dik zawka sawi chuan a chhe vek bawk.

Ngaihtuah teh, i mit chu camera ang a nih chuan retina chu camera hnung lama film emaw sensor emaw ang a ni. Thlalak kan hmuhte chu chutah chuan record a ni. Retina lai takah hian hmun te tak te, mahse pawimawh tak tak a awm a, chu chuan thil chiang tak leh chiang takin min hmu thei a ni. Chu chu macula an tih chu a ni. He macula hian lehkhabu kan chhiar lai te, mi hmel kan en lai te, a nih loh leh thread te tak te kan bun lai te ang chi thil chipchiar tak takte chiang taka hmuh theih turin min pui a ni.

Chuvangin, ``Bull's Eye Maculopathy'' ah hian he ``macula'' chhunga cell te a chhiat chuan doctor in mit chhung lam a enfiah chuan chu ``macula'' ah chuan ring rawng danglam tak tak pattern an hmu thin. A hming hi a chhan chu archery target (bull’s eye pattern)-a ring ang a nih vang a ni. Hetiang dinhmun hian mitdelna a thlen thei a ni.

He natna hi rochun theih a ni (i.e., i nu leh pate hnen atangin genes hmanga kai theih a ni). Doctor-te chuan he rochun chi hi ``Bull's Eye Maculopathy'' hi ``Benign Concentric Annular Macular Dystrophy (BCAMD)'' an ti \hin. Mit natna dang avang emaw, damdawi thenkhat hun rei tak hman avanga side effect vang emaw pawh a ni thei bawk .

Mit lama harsatna eng pawh hi a hlauhawm thei hle. Mahse i doctor chuan a chhan zawng turin a pui thei che a, chu natna i hmachhawn theihna tura i mamawh enkawlna leh puihna a pe thei bawk che a ni.

Bull’s Eye Maculopathy hian mit hmuhnaah eng nghawng nge a neih theih?

Bull’s Eye Maculopathy hi thil hmuh theihna tura min puitu cell te tihchhiat vang a ni. Chuvangin, hei hian i central vision chu degree hrang hrangin a nghawng thei a ni.

• Mi ṭhenkhat chuan thil chipchiar ṭha tak takte chiang taka hmuh harsa an ti mai thei.
• I rawng i thliar hrang thei lo mai thei a, a nih loh leh i rawng hmuhna a tlahniam thei bawk.
• Zanah mit hmuh a tlahniam thei.
• As central vision weakens , lehkhabu chhiar te, lirthei khalh te, leh thil awm dan dik tak hmuh te chu a harsa thei hle.
• He natna hian mit pakhat chauh emaw, mit pahnih emaw a nghawng thei a ni.

Mahse a tam zawkah chuan Bull’s Eye Maculopathy vei te hian an peripheral vision - chu chu an mit kil atanga an hmuh theih danah harsatna lian tham an nei lo. Mahse, hei hi a tlangpuiin a zual zel avangin, hun kal zelah mit a chhe zual thei a ni .

Tute nge ``Bull's Eye Maculopathy'' vei theihna chance sang zawk?

``Risk factor`` chu natna vei theihna tipungtu thil a ni. ``Bull's Eye Maculopathy`` hi risk factor engemaw zat a awm a:

• Chhungkaw zinga mi pakhatin ``Bull's Eye Maculopathy'' (a hereditary history) a neih chuan .
• Mit natna dang macular degeneration te neih .
• Genetic conditions thenkhat , entirnan, Batten natna emaw Stargardt natna emaw.
• Damdawi thenkhat hun rei tak hman, a bik takin autoimmune diseases (autoimmune diseases, a awlsam zawnga sawi chuan, i taksa ngeia immune system-in nangmah ngeiin i cell hrisel tak takte a beih dan a ni).

Hetiang dinhmun hi engtiang chiahin nge a awm?

Bull’s Eye Maculopathy hi a takah chuan a awm lo hle. Entirnan, United States-ah pawh hian mi tlemte chauhvin he natna hi an vei a ni. Chuvangin, i mit hmuh danah inthlak danglamna i hmuh chuan hlauthawng suh.

``Bull's Eye Maculopathy'' hi engte nge ni?

Hetiang thil a thlen theih chhan hi chhan hrang hrang a awm a:

1. Genetics chungchang: 1.1.

Bull’s Eye Maculopathy, BCAMD tia hriat bawk hi autosomal dominant condition a ni. A awlsam zawngin, nu leh pa zinga pakhatin natna atana mutated gene an neih chuan an fain natna hi a rochun theihna chance 50% a awm a ni. Heng genes te hi kan DNA peng hrang hrang, kan taksaa information dahkhawmtu an ni.

2. Natna dang: 1.1.

Mit natna dang, cone-rod dystrophy emaw retinitis pigmentosa emaw pawhin Bull’s Eye Maculopathy a thlen thei bawk. Tin, kan sawi tawh ang khan Batten natna emaw Stargardt natna emaw ang chi genetic disease nei te pawhin he natna hi an vei theihna a hlauhawm hle bawk.

3. Toxicity a awm thei: 1.1.

Thil thenkhat, a bik takin damdawi thenkhat hian i mit hmuhna lairil (macula)-a cell te chu a tichhe thei a ni. Entirnan, hun rei tak chhunga damdawi, chloroquine emaw hydroxychloroquine emaw, rheumatoid arthritis emaw lupus emaw ang chi natna enkawlna atana hman chuan Bull’s Eye Maculopathy a thlen thei a ni.

Tin, thisen pek fo ngai te hian hemochromatosis (iron overload) tih natna an nei thei bawk. Hei hian i macula a tichhe thei bawk.

Engtin nge damdawi `(Hydroxychloroquine)` hian `(Bull's Eye Maculopathy)` a thlen?

Hetiang thil hi engtin nge a awm tih chiang takin mithiamte chuan an la hre lo. Mahse zirchianna chuan he damdawi hian i retina-a cell-te chu a binding thei a, chu cell-te hnathawh dan a nghawng thei tih a tarlang. Hei hi damdawi dose sang tak rei tak i ei hian a thleng fo thin. Chuvangin doctor-te chuan heng damdawi ei thinte hi mit enfiah fo thin turin an rawt a ni.

``Bull's Eye Maculopathy'' natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni?

Hetiang dinhmun hian mit hmuhna a nghawng ber a ni. A lan chhuah dan chu:

• Vision blur emaw foggy emaw a awm.
• I field of vision-a hmun dum emaw, thlalak dum emaw hmuh.
• Rangkachak hriat harsa emaw, rawng mitdelna (complete color blindness) emaw.
• Mit hmaa thread inphah (eye floater) ang chi thil hmuh emaw, êng eng mawi tak tak hmuh emaw.
• Mit a hniam hle .

Heng symptoms pakhat emaw pahnih emaw i neih vang mai mai hian Bull’s Eye Maculopathy i vei tih ngaihtuah suh. Hengte hi mit natna dang chhinchhiahna a ni thei bawk. Chuvangin damdawi lam thurawn lak a pawimawh hle.

Engtin nge ``Bull's Eye Maculopathy'' hi mit chhungah a lang?

Hei hi darthlalang atanga i hriat theih thil a ni lo. Ophthalmologist chuan i macula leh retina chu ophthalmoscope an tih hmanraw bik hmangin i nei leh neih loh a enfiah ang.

A tlangpuiin he "bull's eye" pattern hi a laiah round, dum angin a lang a, a chhehvelah hian ring eng emaw zat a awm a ni. Dark center hian retina pangngai a entir a ni. A chhehvel ring te chu a pangngai lo hle. Heng ring te hi light orange, pink, purple emaw a ni thei. Heng rawng hrang hrangte hi mit hmuhna lairil (macula) a chhiat emaw, a chhe emaw avanga lo awm a ni.

Engtin nge Bull’s Eye Maculopathy hi hmuhchhuah a nih?

I doctor chuan Bull’s Eye Maculopathy i vei em tih hriat nan mit test vawi tam tak a nei thei ang. Chung zinga ṭhenkhat chu:

• Visual acuity test: Hei hi i hmuh theih dan tur test a ni. Standardized letter chart (``Snellen chart'') emaw, letter size hrang hrang nei monitor emaw chhiar turin an ti ang che. I mit chu mit pahnih leh mit pakhat a hrana khar chungin test a ni ang.
• Visual field test: 1.1.Hei hian i central vision leh peripheral vision a check ang. Mitdel i neih leh neih loh pawh a hrilh thei bawk. Line grid en turin an ti che a, a nih loh leh i hma leh a sir lam i hmuh theih dan tur en turin light on emaw, i kut kha sawn emaw i ti thei bawk.
• Color vision test: Dot rawng hrang hranga siam thlalak, a laiah number awm (color plate test) i entir ang. Number i hmuh theih loh chuan color blindness i nei thei. Tin, anomaloscope an tih hmanrua hmangin êng i hriat dan leh rawng engte chu i hmu thei bawk.
• Ophthalmoscopy: Hei hian mittui tlakna (emp drops) hmanga mitmeng (pipils) tihzauh a ni. Tichuan, ophthalmoscope hmangin i mit (cornea), lens, retina, macula, optic nerve leh a chhehvel thisen kalna kawngte chu enfiah a ni. He test hi fundoscopy an ti bawk.
• Optical coherence tomography (OCT) test: Hei hi natna nei lo test a ni. Light wave hmangin i mit hmuhna lairil a i retina layer, a bik takin macula layer hrang hrangte chu chipchiar tak tak, three-dimensional (3D) (3D) thlalak a la a ni. He test hian macula-a chhiatna leh degeneration te chu test dang aiin a hmain leh chiang zawkin a hmu thei a ni.
• Fundus autofluorescence imaging (FAF) test: Hei hi imaging technique thar a ni. Blue light hmangin i retina chhunga pigmented cells te chu a enfiah thin. Cell thenkhat chuan he êng hi a dang aiin an absorb emaw, an reflect danglam emaw a ni. Hei hian doctor chu retina-ah chhiatna emaw, chhiatna emaw a awm leh awm loh a hriat theih nan a pui a ni.

Bull’s Eye Maculopathy hi a dam vek thei ang em?

Lungchhiatthlak takin ``Bull's Eye Maculopathy'' hi damdawi kimchang hmuh a la ni lo.

Bull’s Eye Maculopathy hi engtin nge enkawl a nih?

Tunah hian ``Bull's Eye Maculopathy`` avanga mit hloh tawh siam\hat thei tur damdawi a awm lo.`` Mahse, he natna hi damdawi emaw taksaa iron tam lutuk (poisoning) avanga lo awm a nih chuan damdawi tihtawp emaw, iron level control emaw hian natna a zual zel loh nan a veng thei a, a thunun thei bawk.

A tam zawkah chuan enkawlna tum ber chu damlote chu mit hmuh lohna leh rawng mitdelna ang chi natna nena nunpui hi a ni. I doctor chuan a hnuaia mi hi a rawn rawt thei ang:

• Assistive technology: Entîr nân, video magnifier, projector, a nih loh leh screen reader.
• Glasses emaw contact lens emaw hman tur a ni.
• Low vision rehabilitation emaw occupational therapy: Hengte hian nitin hna thawh tur hrang hrang, mitdelna neia tih dan tur leh hmanraw hrang hrang a zirtir che a ni.
• Vision aids: Kut hmanga magnifier, telescope, emaw light-filtering lens ang chi thil.

``Bull's Eye Maculopathy'' vei tan chuan eng nge a hmalam hun?

Bull’s Eye Maculopathy avanga mit hloh hi a awm reng thin a, hun kal zelah a kal zel thei bawk . Mahse, kan sawi tawh ang khan, macular chhiatna hi thil tha lo avanga lo awm a nih chuan, chu thil tha lo chu pumpelh chuan a natna a zual zel loh nan a pui thei a ni.

``Bull's Eye Maculopathy'' hi ven theih dan a awm em?

Dik tak chuan ``Bull's Eye Maculopathy'' lo awm tur venna tur kawng bik a awm lo.

Mahse, damdawi thenkhat (e.g., hydroxychloroquine) hian he natna thlen theihna a keng tel avangin, chutiang damdawi chu hun rei tak ei a nih chuan, doctor thurawn angin mit enfiah fo hian chhiatna eng pawh hriat hmasak a pui thei a, natna a zual zel loh nan a pui thei bawk.

``Bull's Eye Maculopathy'' chungchangah hian ka doctor hnenah eng zawhna nge ka zawh tur?

``Bull's Eye Maculopathy'' i neih chuan i doctor hnenah zawhna thenkhat zawt la, hetiang hi:

• "Doctor, tuna ka ei mek hi he natna tizual thei tur damdawi a awm em?"
• "Ka mit hmuhna tichak thei tur nutritional supplement a awm em?"
• "He mitdelna nen hian engtin nge ka nitin nunah ka hnathawh theih ang? Chutianga tanpuina ka hmuh theih dan tur thenkhat chu engte nge ni?"
• "Engtin nge ka tan chuan lirthei khalh hi a la him em tih ka hriat theih ang?"
• "He ka mit hloh hi a awm reng dawn em ni?"
• "Engtiang chiahin nge ka mit a chhe zual ang?"

Bull’s Eye Maculopathy hi natna awm lo tak a ni. I mit hmuh danah inthlak danglamna i hmuh chuan he natna avanga lo awm a nih a rinawm loh. Mahse, mit hmuhna lama harsatna awm reng reng chu ngaihthah suh. I mit hmuhna hloh chu hlauhawm leh lungngaihna thlen thei mah se, hmachhawn dan tur a awm. I doctor chuan vision aids, support services, leh treatment i mamawh te hnenah a refer thei che a ni.

I mit hmuh danah inthlak danglamna, mit a fiah lo emaw, natna lan chhuah thar dang emaw i hmuh chuan doctor pan nghal rawh. I mit hmuh lohna chhan chu eng pawh ni se, enkawl hmasak chuan mitdelna chu a tikhawtlai thei a, a titawp thei a, a tidanglam thei bawk.

Hriat reng tur pawimawh ber berte (Take-Home Message) .

Okay, chuvangin vawiin a kan sawi tawh thenkhat, pawimawh i tih mai theihte kha han khaikhawm ila:

• Bull's Eye Maculopathy hi mit natna hmuh tur awm lo tak a ni a, mit chhunga mit hmuhna hmun (macula) a chhiat avangin "bull's eye" ang chi a awm thin.
• Hei hian central vision a tichak lo thei a ni. Hei hian lehkhabu chhiar leh hmel hriatna ang chi thilte a nghawng thei a ni.
• Hei hi thlahtute, natna dangte, leh damdawi ṭhenkhat hun rei tak hman avânga lo awm thei a ni .
• He natna hi damdawi chiang tak a la awm lo. Mahse, symptoms enkawl dan tur leh nun awlsam zawka siam theihna tur kawng a awm.
• I mit hmuh danah danglamna i hmu a nih chuan mit doctor pan vat a pawimawh. Hriat chian leh enkawl vat chuan natna a zual zel loh nan a pui thei a ni.

I mit enkawl hi i mawhphurhna a ni. Mit hrisel hi nunah eng ropui tak a ni.

` Bull’s Eye Maculopathy, mit natna, mit hmuhna hmun, macula, mit hmuh lohna, mit enfiah, hydroxychloroquine