Cancer thlentu genes (Oncogenes) chungchang hi i zir mai ang u?

"Cancer" tih thumal hi kan hlau deuh vek a ni lawm ni? Mahse, he thil hi engtin nge a lo thanglian tih leh, keimahni taksaa thil pakhat hi a chhan a ni thei ang em tih hi i ngaihtuah ngai em? Dik tak chuan kan taksaa cells control tu gene thenkhat inthlak danglamna hi cancer thlentu lian ber a ni. Vawiin hian cancer thlen thei gene chi khat kan sawi dawn a ni. Hengte hi oncogenes kan ti a.

A awlsam zawngin, heng oncogenes te hi engte nge ni?

Oncogene hi cancer thlen thei gene a ni. Mahse, kan taksaa awm reng reng gene tha lo a ni lo. A nihna takah chuan kan taksaa cells te than dan control tu gene pangngai tak , hrisel tak, mutated version a ni.

Hetiang hian han ngaihtuah teh. Kan taksaa cell than leh inthen darh ang chi thil control thei gene set tha tak, disciplined tak kan nei a. Proto-oncogenes kan ti a. Car-a accelerator awm ang mai a ni. A tul hunah step on a ni a, a mamawh loh hunah release a ni. Hei hi cell growth duh ang level thlenga control tu a ni.

Mahse, eng emaw chhan vangin he proto-oncogene tha tak hi a inthlak a, a nih loh leh a inthlak danglam chuan oncogene a lo ni ta a ni . Tunah hian eng thil nge thleng? Chu car accelerator chu leiah a tlakbuak ang mai a ni. Chu chu, he oncogene hian cell-te hnenah "divide, growth" turin signal a thawn chhunzawm zel tihna a ni. A tawp lo. Chuvângin, hun a kal zêl a, heng cell pangngai lo, thunun theih loha inṭhen darhte hi an pung khâwm a, tumor an siam .

Doctor-te tan chuan heng oncogenes te hnathawh dan hi an hriatthiam a pawimawh hle a, a chhan chu chutih hunah chuan heng oncogenes te hi target-in cancer enkawlna tur damdawi thar an zawng thei a ni.

Cancer chi hrang hrang nena inzawm oncogenes

Tun thlengin oncogenes 100 chuang cancer chi hrang hranga inrawlh nia hriat a ni tawh. Entirnan, cancer panga zinga pakhat vel chu Ras gene chhungkaw oncogenes hrang hrang nen an inzawm a ni.

Oncogenes thenkhat chu cancer chi hrang hrang nen an inzawm zawk a ni. Hei hi a hnuaia table hi en la, hei hi a chiang zawkin i hre thei ang.

Engvangin nge heng gene tha tak takte hi a chhe zel?

He proto-oncogene hi oncogene-a a chan chhan dik tak hi hriat chian a ni lo a, mahse cancer thlentu kan hriat tam tak hian he thilah hian chanvo an nei niin an ngai.

• Ni ênga inhnim tam lutuk.
• Carcinogens (e.g., cigarette, asbestos) laka invenna.
• Viral infection thenkhat.

Heng inthlak danglamna te hi kawng pawimawh pathum hmangin a thleng thei a ni:

• Point mutation: Kan cell te hi an inthen hmain an DNA an copy thin. He copy lai hian DNA-a inthlak danglamna tlemte, lehkha dah belh emaw, paih emaw ang chi hi a thleng thei a ni. He tihsual tenau tak hian proto-oncogene chu oncogene ah a chantir thei a ni.
• Gene amplification: A châng chuan, kan chromosome pakhatah hian gene copy pakhat aia tam siam a ni. Chutiang chuan proto-oncogene copy tam lutuk siam a nih chuan a nghawng a tipung thei a, cancer cell te pawh a lo thang lian thei bawk.
• Chromosomal rearrangement: Hei hi a buaithlak deuh a ni. A awlsam zawngin, chromosome pakhat chu a inthen a, chromosome dang pakhat nen a inthlak a ni. Hei hi translocation kan ti bawk. He swap hian oncogene thar, active tak a siam thei a ni.

Engvangin nge cancer enkawlna atana oncogenes chungchang hriat a pawimawh?

A tlangpuiin cancer hi genetic mutations inzawmkhawm avanga lo awm a ni. Mahse a chang chuan oncogene pakhat chauh hi cancer kalphung zawng zawng tan tir thei khawpa chak a ni thei.

Thu lawmawm tak chu hetiang hi a ni: Genetic mutation tam tak vawi khata enkawl ai chuan genetic mutation lian tak pakhat target chu a awlsam zawkin a hlawk zawk bawk.

Entirna tha tak chu chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) hi a ni. Doctor-te chuan he leukemia hi oncogene pakhat BCR-ABL tih atanga lo chhuak a ni tih an hmuchhuak a. He oncogene hian enzyme pangngai lo tak a siam a, chu chuan thisen var pangngai lo chu thunun theih lohvin a inthen darh thin.

Tunah chuan damdawi chi khat tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) tih a awm ta. Heng damdawi te hian BCR-ABL enzyme hnathawh chu direct-in a block a ni. Tichuan thisen var pangngai lo tak takte chu an thi ta a ni. He enkawlna hian CML chu remission-ah a kal thei ta a ni. He damdawi a lo chhuah hma hian CML vei mi panga zinga pakhat chauh chu kum 5 chhung an dam a ni. Mahse tunlai hian he oncogene hi target-a enkawlna avang hian damlote chu dam rei zawk leh hrisel zawkin an nung ta a ni.

Chuti a nih chuan p53 pawh hi oncogene a ni em?

No. p53 hi tumor suppressor gene a ni a . Chu chu "Tumor thanna titawptu gene" tihna a ni. Mahse a chhunga mutations hian cancer a thlen thei bawk.

Car entirnan han sawi leh ila.

• Proto-oncogenes hi car accelerator ang a ni.
• Tumor suppressor genes hi car brake ang a ni.

Oncogene chu accelerator off ang mai a ni. Tumor suppressor gene chu brake off ang mai a ni. Heng pahnihah hian cell an tih lirthei chu thunun lohvin a kal chhunzawm zel a, chu chu a inthen tihna a ni. Chuvangin cancer hi a lo awm thei a ni.

Damlo thenkhat chuan cancer chungchang zir leh an chhungril lama thil thleng hriatthiam tum chu rilru lama chakna a pe niin an hria. Chutiang bawka i ngaih chuan i doctor hnenah i natna thlentu genetic changes chu thu awlsam tak hmanga sawifiah turin hrilh rawh. Hei hian enkawlna kalphung i hrethiam zawk ang.