Zunthlum i nei em? (Diabetes Mellitus) hmuhchhuah dan leh enkawl dan tur i zir ang u

I chau reng reng em? Kawng vawt i nei em? Nge zun tam a ngai em? Hengte hi zunthlum chhinchhiahna tlanglawn tak a ni thei. Vawiin hian he natna, Diabetes Mellitus an tih, mi tam takin an hlauh em em, a hriat theih dan tur te, i hriatthiam theih tur awlsam taka enkawl dan tur te kan sawi dawn a ni.

Engtin nge zunthlum ka vei tih ka hriat theih ang?

Zunthlum vei theihna tur risk factors i neih chuan, emaw, i zun-ah sugar level sang tak a awm a nih chuan, i doctor chuan zunthlum i vei tih a ringhlel thei a ni. A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, kan taksaa pancreas-in hormone a siam chhuah insulin a tlahniam (Type 1 diabetes) emaw, taksain insulin a chhanna tha lo (Type 2 diabetes) emaw a nih chuan thisenah sugar level, chu chu thisen glucose a sang a ni.

Diagnosis finfiah nan hian test lian tak tak eng emaw zat a awm a. A tlangpuiin doctor chuan test value pakhat a sang tih a hmuh chuan test nawn leh turin a fuih ang.

Tin, a chang chuan i doctor hian Zinc Transporter 8 Autoantibody (ZnT8Ab) tih test pawh a order thei bawk. He thisen test hian mi pakhatin Type 1 diabetes emaw chi dang emaw a neih leh neih loh a hriat theih nan a pui thei a ni. Natna hi a hma leh dik taka hriatchhuah a nih chuan a hmaa enkawlna dik tak chu tan thuai theih a ni.

Zunthlum enkawl dan tur engte nge ni?

I doctor chuan i tana tha tur leh i hriatthiam theih tur treatment plan a siam ang. Kawng lakah hian hriselna lama mithiam dangte tanpuina i mamawh mai thei. Entirnan, ke doctor te, nutritionist te, mit doctor te, leh endocrinologist te tanpuina i mamawh mai thei.

Diabetes enkawlna bulpui ber chu damdawi, exercise leh ei leh in te inkawp a, i thisen sugar level chu i doctor-in a target range chhunga a awm theih nan a ni. I ei leh in leh i ei hun ngaihtuah hian i thisen sugar level a sang nghal zung zung (seesaw effect) chu i tihtlem thei a ni. Hei hian i damdawi ei tur, a bik takin i insulin dose chu a tul ang anga siamrem ngai tihziaawmna turin a pui thei a ni.

Zunthlum damdawi

Type 1 Diabetes enkawl dan tur

Type 1 diabetes i neih chuan i pancreas hian chakna siam chhuahna atana i mamawh insulin a siam chhuak tawh lo. Chuvangin pawn lam atanga insulin i lak a ngai a, injection emaw insulin pump emaw hmangin . Injection pek hi a tir lamah chuan hlauhawm deuh angin a lang thei a, mahse i ngaihtuah angin a harsa lo.

Mi thenkhat chuan computerized device insulin pump an tih chu an hmang a, chu chuan insulin chu a hun takah leh a zat dik takah taksaah a chhuah tir thin.

Tunah hian insulin chi hrang hrang hman mek a awm a.

Type 2 Diabetes enkawl dan tur

Type 2 diabetes vei thenkhat chuan ei leh in leh exercise chauh hmangin an natna hi an control thei a ni. Mi dangte chuan pill emaw insulin injection emaw an mamawh bawk. Heng damdawi te hian thisen sugar level chu a pangngaia a awm leh theih nan kawng hrang hrangin hna an thawk a ni.

• Pancreas-in insulin siam chhuah tipungtu damdawi: Entirnan: glimepiride, glipizide, glyburide.
• Chaw atanga sugar lakluh tlem thei damdawi: Entirnan: acarbose (Precose).
• Taksain insulin a hman dan tichangtlungtu damdawi: Entirna: pioglitazone (Actos).
• Liver-in sugar a siam chhuah tihtlem leh insulin resistance tihziaawmna damdawi: Entirnan: metformin (Glucophage). Metformin hian sugar control a pui bawk a, a chhan chu taksa rihna tihtlem nan a pui a ni.
• Kidney-in sugar a lakluh leh theihna tur tikhawlotu leh zun atanga a chhuahna tipung thei damdawi (SGLT2 inhibitors): Entirnan: canagliflozin (Invokana), dapagliflozin (Farxiga). Hengte hian hlawkna dang a nei bawk a, chu chu taksa rihna tihtlem leh thinlung natna vei theihna tihtlem a ni.

Zunthlum natnaah hian ei leh in hi eng ang nge ni tur?

Zunthlum vei tan chuan ei leh in inthlau tak hi a pawimawh hle. Chuvangin i doctor emaw, nutritionist emaw nen inbia la, i tana tha tur meal plan siam rawh.

• Chaw ei leh hun: Type 1 diabetes i neih chuan insulin i ei zat chu i thiltih leh ei leh in a zirin a innghat ang. Chuvangin eng nge i ei, engzat nge i ei tih leh engtikah nge i ei tih te pawh chutiang bawk chuan a pawimawh hle. Chaw ei tur pawimawh pathum leh snack pathum emaw pali emaw ei hi a tha tlangpui.
• Plate dan: I plate chanve chu starch tlem thlai (e.g. broccoli, carrot, cucumber, cabbage, tomato, bean) nen khat tum ang che.
• Carbohydrates ngaihtuah rawh: Carbohydrates i mamawh zat leh i ei zat hriat hi thisen sugar control nan a pawimawh hle. Thlai chi hrang hrang (e.g., brown rice, brown rice, oats, barley) thlang rawh.
• Thau leh protein: Saturated fat tihtlem. Trans fats chu paih vek rawh. Sa thau lo, sangha, nut, leh bawnghnute thau tlem te thlang rawh.

Exercise neih a pawimawhzia

Exercise hi zunthlum enkawlna atana lungphum pawimawh dang a ni bawk. Mahse exercise program eng pawh i tan hmain i doctor nen in inbia ngei tur a ni . Exercise hian i taksain insulin a hman dan a ti tha a, thisen sugar level a tihniam thei bawk.

• Hypoglycemia lakah fimkhur rawh: Exercise i tih hma darkar chanve vel i thisen sugar level enfiah la, a tul chuan carbohydrates awmna snack te tak te ei rawh. Exercise i tih laiin thisen sugar hniam (luak, thawk hah, khuh) symptom i neih chuan exercise kha bansan la, thil thlum (e.g. sugar spoon khat, glucose tlem) ei nghal rawh.
• Exercise engzat nge i tih tur?: Kar khatah minute 150 tal aerobic exercise moderate, brisk walking ang chi tih a tha. Tlemte atanga tan la, zawi zawiin hun tipung rawh.

Heng nunphung tihdanglam hi a ngai a ni.

Meizial zuk loh tur.

Vawiin hian he tih dan hi bansan rawh. Meizial i zuk chuan i thisen sugar level control a harsa hle ang. Tin, zunthlum avanga harsatna (thinlung natna, kal natna, nerve chhiatna, mitdelna) i neih theihna a sang zawk hle bawk.

Zu hi tihtlem rawh.

Insulin emaw, zunthlum damdawi thenkhat emaw i ei chuan zu in hian i thisen sugar level hlauhawm takin a tlahniam thei a ni. Hei hi a chhan chu zu i in hian i thin (liver) hian i thisen thlum control ai chuan zu chu paih chhuah tumin hna a thawk a ni.

Stress tihziaawm rawh.

Stress hian i thisen sugar level a tisang thei a, chuvangin chawlh hahdam dan tur zawng rawh. Meditation, yoga, leh ṭhiante nêna hun hman ang chi thilte hian a ṭanpui thei a ni.

I ha leh i hmui te uluk takin enkawl rawh.

Diabetes hian ha natna a tipung thei a, chuvangin nitin ha uluk takin silfai leh floss thin ang che.