Nunnaah hian a chang chuan zawhna buaithlak tak tak kan hmachhawn a ngai thin. A bik takin chhungkuaa thar rawn lut tur chungchang a nih chuan. "He naupang pa dik tak hi tu nge ni?" dan lam, khawtlâng leh mi mal thil tam tak avânga lo chhuak thei a ni. Chuvangin hetiang hun lai hian rinhlelh rual lohvin a chhanna chiang tak hmuh theihna kawng dik ber chu, scientifically chuan DNA paternity test hi a ni. Vawiin hian awlsam takin engkim kan sawi dawn a ni.
DNA test hi a awlsam zawngin eng nge ni?
Hei hi hrethiam tur chuan DNA chu eng nge a nih kan hriat hmasak a ngai a ni. DNA hming pum pui chu `(Deoxyribonucleic acid)` a ni. A awlsam zawngin, DNA hi kan taksa cell chhunga genetic information awmna instruction book ang a ni. I sam rawng, mit rawng, san zawng leh vun rawng atanga engkim hi he DNA-a thu awmte hian a hril vek a ni.
A pawimawh ber chu he DNA hi kan nu leh pa dik tak atanga kan rochun hi a ni. A dik tak chuan kan DNA chanve chu kan nu atanga lo chhuak a ni a, a chanve dang chu kan pa hnen atanga lo chhuak a ni .
DNA paternity test-in a tih dan chu hetiang hi a ni:
Naupang DNA pattern lak a, nu DNA pattern leh pa nia rinhlelh mi DNA pattern nen khaikhin a ni. Naupang DNA-a nu aṭanga rochun loh ṭhenkhat chu chu mi DNA nen a inmil a nih chuan naupang pa dik tak a nih a rinawm ber.
Engvangin nge hetiang test hi i tih a ngaih?
DNA test neih chhan tur tam tak a awm. A chhan lian ber thenkhat chu:
- Dan lam thil atan: Naupang pianpui certificate-a pa hming telh te, fa enkawlna dawn te, fa enkawlna dawn te, thil neih rochun te, leh social security benefit thenkhat dawn te ang chi te tan chuan pa nihna finfiahna hi a pawimawh hle.
- Hriselna avang hian: Genetic disorder thenkhat hi thlah khat atanga thlah dangah a kai darh thei a. Entirnan, Cystic fibrosis leh Down syndrome ang chi natna te. Naupang pa dik tak chu tu nge a nih hriat hian pa atanga lo chhuak thei genetic disorder eng pawh hriatchhuahna kawngah a pui thei a ni. Hei hi naupang hmalam hun hriselna atan a pawimawh hle.
- Chhungkaw chanchin hriat tur: Naupangin an chhungkaw chanchin leh an chhungte tute nge an nih tih hriat theihna a nei. Naupang rilru lam hmasawnna leh identity atan a pawimawh hle.
DNA test chi hrang hrang nge awm?
Nausen pian hma (naupai lai) leh nausen pian hnua DNA test hi tih theih a ni. A hman dan tlangpui thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni.
| Test neihna tur hming | Tih hun a ni | Tih dan leh sawifiahna |
|---|---|---|
| Cheek Swab a ni | Naute pian hnu engtik lai pawhin | Hei hi a awlsam ber leh hman tlanglawn ber a ni. Swab hmangin naupang leh a pa nia rinhlelh te hmui chhung lam atanga cell sample lak a ni. Hei hi a hrehawm lo. |
| NIPP test (Noninvasive Prenatal Paternity Test) hmanga enfiah a ni. | Naupai kar 8 hnuah | Hei hi hmanraw him tak a ni. Nausen pum chhunga nausen atanga DNA tlemte chu nu naupai thisenah a lo leng chhuak a. He test-ah hian nu atanga thisen sample lak a ni a, a chhunga naute DNA chu pa nia rinhlelh DNA nen khaikhin a ni. Hei hi 99.9% in a dik a ni . |
| Amniocentesis tih a ni | Naupai kar 15-20 inkarah | Hei hi invasive test a ni. He test-ah hian doctor chuan nu pum chhungah needle te tak te tak mai chu uterus-ah a thun a, naute hual veltu amniotic fluid sample tlemte a la a. He tuiah hian naute cell a awm a. He test nena inzawm hian nau pai theihna a tlem hle . |
| Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) atanga lak chhuah a ni. | Naupai kar 10-13 inkarah | Hei hi intrauterine test a ni bawk a, amniocentesis ang chi a ni. He test-ah hian placenta hmun khat atanga cell sample tlemte lak a ni. Hei hian nau pai emaw natna kai emaw theihna a nei tlem hle bawk . |
A pawimawh ber chu `Amniocentesis` leh `CVS` ang chi test hi a tul tak tak hunah chauh tih a ni a, doctor enkawlna hnuaiah tih a ni. A chhan chu hengte nen hian risk tenau tak tak a awm avangin. NIPP test hi naupai laia tih theih dan him ber a ni.
Test hmain eng nge i tih tur?
A tlangpuiin, cheek swab laksak i nih chuan darkar khat vel chu a hnuaia mite hi ei loh tur a ni:
- Ha silfai
- Kawngkhar silna hmangin
- Meizial zu emaw, zuk leh hmuam ei emaw
- Ha lem i bun chuan la chhuak rawh.
Heng thilte hian i sample lak quality a nghawng thei a ni. Thisen sample laksak i nih chuan i doctor chuan tui tam tak in tur leh ei leh in hrisel ei turin a fuih ang che.
In lama DNA paternity test chungchangah thudik emaw dik lo emaw
Tunah chuan online DNA testing kit a awm tawh a, chu chu in lamah i hruai thei tawh ang. Hengte hi medical center-a test tih aiin a man a tlawm zawk tlangpui. Tin, mi tam zawkin mimal takin an tih theih avangin a remchang hle bawk.
Mahse hemi chungchangah hian hriat tur tlemte a awm a:
- Dan anga pawm loh: Home test result chu court emaw, dan anga thubuai dang emaw-ah evidence atan pawm a ni lo. Legal proceedings atan chuan test (`(Legal DNA Paternity Test)`) neih a ngai a, chu chu medical center pawm tawh kaltlangin sample lak a ngai a, a kalphung dik tak (`(chain of custody)`), leh witnesses awmnaah lak a ngai bawk.
- A dikna: Home test kit thawntu company chu accredited company a nih leh nih loh enfiah a pawimawh. A châng chuan sample laknaah tihsual a awm chuan result dikna a nghawng thei a ni. Test hi American Association of Blood Banks (AABB) ang pawlin an pawmpui laboratory-a tih a nih chuan rintlak zawk a ni.
Engtin nge a rah chhuah chu i hriatthiam?
DNA test result hi "probability of paternity" anga pek a ni tlangpui.
- Results chu 0% a nih chuan: Hei hian a pa nia sawi leh naupang inkarah hian genetic match a awm lo tihna a ni. Naupang pa dik tak a ni lo.
- A result 99.9% aia sang a nih chuan: Hei hian pa nia rinhlelh chu naupang pa dik tak a nih theihna chance a sang hle tihna a ni.
Results hi a lo let leh theih nan ni engemaw zat atanga kar hnih vel a ngai tlangpui. Mahse, `Amniocentesis` emaw `CVS` ang chi test atanga result a lo let leh theih nan kar engemaw zat a la ngai thei.
Pa tel lo chuan he test hi i ti thei lo em ni?
A tih dan tha ber leh dik ber chu pa nia sawi hnen atanga DNA sample lak hi a ni. Amaherawhchu, a dam loh emaw, hmuh theih loh emaw a nih chuan a chhungte hnai ber DNA hmangin test theih a ni. Entirnan, pa nu leh pa (naupang pi leh pu) leh unaute DNA sample lak a, naupang DNA nen khaikhin a, thutlukna siam theih a ni.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- DNA paternity test hian naupang pa dik tak chu 99.9% aia tam dik takin a nemnghet thei a ni.
- Heng test te hi naute pian hma (naupai lai) emaw, naute pian hnu emawa tih theih a ni. NIPP test hi naupai laia tih a nih chuan a him hle.
- Dan lam thil (court, maintenance, inheritance) atan chuan medical center hriat hlawh tak atanga test neih a ngai tak zet a ni. At-home test (`(At-home kits)`) hi court-ah pawm a ni lo.
- `amniocentesis` leh `CVS` ang chi test-ah hian hlauhawmna tlemte chauh a awm avangin i doctor nen inbia fo la, a thatna leh that lohna hrethiam la, i tana tha ber tur chu thlang rawh.
- Hemi chungchangah hian zawhna, rinhlelhna emaw, chiang zawka hriat tur emaw i neih chuan, i biak tur tha ber leh rintlak ber chu i doctor hi a ni.
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