Kan taksa chhunga thisen hi a tharin a awm reng tih i ngaihtuah ngai em? Kan taksa hi a takah chuan factory mak tak a ni. He factory-ah hian nilengin hna pawimawh tak a thleng thin chu thisen zam (red blood cells) siam chhuah a ni a, chu chu thisen chhunga red cells awmte hi a ni. Chau leh nunna nei lo anga i inhriat reng chuan a chhan chu thisen zam (red blood cell) siam chhuah loh vang a ni thei. Chuvangin vawiin hian he thil mak tak, ‘erythropoiesis’ tih hi kan sawi dawn a ni.
A awlsam zawngin, erythropoiesis chu eng nge ni?
Erythropoiesis chu kan taksain thisen sen, a nih loh leh damdawi lam hawi chuan erythrocyte a siam chhuah dan a ni. Hei hi ei tur kan tlakchham huna kan nuin chaw thar a siam ang kha a ni. Kan taksaa thisen sen hlui te hi rei vak lo hnuah an thi thin. Chuvangin, he process hian thisen sen thar a siam zawk a ni.
Hei hian kan taksaa thisen sen zat chu a level dik takah a vawng reng a, a pung lo va, a tlahniam lutuk lo bawk.
Chuti a nih chuan engvangin nge thisen sen (red blood cells) hi kan tan a pawimawh em em?
I taksa pum puia thil thawn chhuak thei delivery service han ngaihtuah teh. Thisen sen (red blood cells) hian chutiang chiah chuan an ti a ni.
- Oxygen Delivery: Kan thaw chhuah hian kan lung chhunga oxygen lut chu heng thisen sen (red blood cells) te hian kan taksa chhunga cell leh tissue tinah a hruai lut thin. Thluak atanga ke ruh thlengin engkim hi dam khawchhuah nan oxygen a mamawh a ni.
- Carbon dioxide paih chhuah: Tin, kan cell atanga bawlhhlawh chhuak carbon dioxide chu kan thaw chhuah dawna taksa atanga kan paih chhuah theih nan lungah kan la khawm a, kan hruai kir leh thin.
A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, thisen zam (red blood cells) tel lo chuan kan taksa cell-te hi an dam thei lo.
Erythropoiesis hi kan taksaa thisen siamna zawng zawng zinga pakhat chauh a ni a, chu chu ‘hematopoiesis’ an ti a ni. Hetiang kalphung pum pui hian thisen cell chi thum: thisen sen, thisen var, leh platelet te chu a siam chhuak vek a ni.
Hetiang kalphung hi taksaah khawiah nge a thlen?
Heng thisen sen siamna hmun hi hun kal zelah a danglam thin.
Nausen pum chhunga a awm laiin (Fetal Erythropoiesis) .
Kan pian hma pawhin kan taksaah thisen a lo piang tan a.
- Kar 3-ah: Thisen chu ‘yolk sac’ an tih structure-ah a lo piang tan a, chu chuan embryo chu a chaw hmasa ber a pe a ni.
- Thla 2-3 velah: Nausen thin (liver) leh a ril (spleen) ah thisen a lo awm thin.
- Thla 5 hnuah: Nausen ruhroah thisen a lo awm tan a.
Naupang leh puitling tan
Kan pian hnu hian kan ruhro hi thisen sen siamna factory ber a lo ni ta a ni. Hei hi kan ruh chhunga nêm, spongy part chu a ni.
- Naupan lai: Taksa ruh lian tam tak ruhro atanga thisen siam a ni.
- Puitling hunah: Thisen hi ruh bik tlemte ruhroah siam a ni ber a, chu chu hip ruh, ruhro vertebrae, ruhro, leh rilru lai tak (breastbone)-a ruh flat (breastbone) te hi a ni.
Thisen sen hring pakhat zinkawng
Hei hi zan khat thil thuah a thleng lo. Thisen sen pakhat chu a puitlin theih nan, chu chu a thawk thei tur chuan stage engemaw zat a paltlang a ngai a ni. Khualzinna zawng zawng hi kar khat vel a ni .
A bul tanna chu cell bik ‘Hematopoietic Stem Cell’ (HSC) an tih atanga tan a ni. Hei hi chi ang mai a ni. He chi hi thisen sen, thisen var, leh platelet atanga eng pawhah a lo thang lian thei a ni. Thisen sen (red blood cell) ni tur chuan he stem cell hian stage hrang hrang a paltlang thin.
A hnuaia table hian he zinkawng hi chiang zawkin a hriatthiam theih nan a pui thei che a ni.
| Dawhsan | Hrilhfiahna awlsam tak |
|---|---|
| A rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em a. | Hei hi thisen cell tinte lo chhuahna a ni a, thlai chi lo piang chhuak ang chi hi a ni. |
| Proerythroblast a ni | Thisen sen (red blood cell) nih theihna tura zinkawng dik tak hmasa ber. |
| Erythroblast a ni | Cell chu a lo tlem zauh zauh a, oxygen phurtu protein hemoglobin a siam tan ta a ni. |
| Normoblast a ni | Hetih lai hian cell nucleus chu lakchhuah a ni a, chu chuan cell hian hemoglobin tam zawk a hip lut thei a ni. |
| Reticulocyte a ni | Chungte chu thisen sen puitling lo an ni. Hei hi ruhro atanga thisena an chhuah hun a ni. |
| Erythrocyte a ni | Thisen sen puitling tak, oxygen phur thei tura inpeih tawh. |
Hetianga thisen sen siam chhuah hi ni 120 vel a ni . Battery ang maiin heng cell te hi ni 120 an hman hnuah an thi thin. Chuvang chuan kan taksa hian thisen sen thar a siam reng a ngai a ni.
Engtin nge taksain thisen siam a hriat?
Hei hi control system mak tak a ni. Kan taksa hian taksaa oxygen awm zat a zirin thisen sen (red blood cells) siam chhuah dan a thunun a.
Nuwara Eliya ang tlang sang takah i kal dawn tih han ngaihtuah teh. I chhoh rual chuan thawk harsa deuhin i inhria a ni lawm ni? Hei hi boruakah oxygen concentration a hniam vang a ni. Tichuan kan taksa peng hrang hranga oxygen lut chu a tling tawk lo ta a ni. Hetiang dinhmun hi hypoxia kan ti a .
Hei hi kan kal (kidney) a activate hun a ni.
Kan thisena oxygen awm zat enfiah rengtu hi kal (kidney) hi a ni. Oxygen level a hniam tih an hriat chuan kal hian hormone bik (chemical messenger) Erythropoietin (EPO) an tih chu thisenah a chhuah tir thin.
Hetiang kalphung hi hetiang hi a ni:
1. I tissue te hian oxygen an hmu tlem hle.
2. Chu ‘signal’ chhanna atan chuan kal hian hormone `(EPO)` a chhuah tam zawk.
3. He hormone (EPO) hian thisenah a kal a, ruhro nen "a inbia" a, "urgently, red blood cells tam zawk siam rawh!"
4. Ruh ruh (bone marrow) a thisen sen (red blood cells) siamchhuahna a ti chak.
5. Thisen zam (red blood cells) lo piang tharte hian thisena oxygen level chu a pangngaiah a hruai kir leh thin.
6. Oxygen level a normal leh chuan kidney hian EPO release a ti tlem a.
Kan taksa hian hetiang hian engkim balance (homeostasis) a vawng tha hle. Level dik tak an vawng reng a, sang lutuk leh hniam lutuk pawh an phal lo.
Hetiang kalphung hi a dik lo a nih chuan eng nge thleng ang?
A châng chuan he thisen sen siamna kalphung hi a kal sual thei bawk. Tichuan harsatna lian tak pahnih a lo chhuak thei a ni. Thisen sen (red blood cells) tlem lutuk emaw, tam lutuk emaw siam chhuah a ni emaw.
| Dinhmun | A awmzia mai mai | A nghawng mode/characteristics te |
|---|---|---|
| Thisen tlakchhamna (Anaemia). | Thisen zam (red blood cell) tlem (anemia). | Taksa hian oxygen phur thei tur khawpa thisen sen (red blood cells) a hloh a. Hei hian natna lan chhuahna a thlen thei a, chu chu hah fo, chak lohna, vun rawng hring, thawk hah, leh khawsik danglam tak a ni . |
| Erythrocytosis natna (Erythrocytosis) a ni | Red blood cell count (thisen thickness tihpun) tihpun . | Thisen a thim deuh deuh chuan thisen kal dan a tikhawlo thei a ni. Lu na, hah, leh luak chhuak ang chi symptoms a awm thei. Thil engemaw takah chuan thisen zam hlauhawm tak a awm theihna a awm . |
Hetiang symptoms i neih chuan mahni chauha thutlukna siam lovin Doctor pan a, thurawn lak a pawimawh hle.
Thisen sen siam chhuahna tichhe thei thil
Hetiang kalphung hi natna chi hrang hrang leh thil dangin a nghawng thei a ni.
Lung kaihhnawih natna
Hun rei tak chhunga thawkna lam natna, asthma leh COPD te i neih chuan i taksain oxygen a hmuh zat a tlahniam thin. Taksa hian a compensate theih nan thisen sen (red blood cells) tam zawk siam a tum thin.
Thisen leh ruhro cancer te
Cancer natna, leukemia leh lymphoma ang chiah hian ruhro hnathawh dan pangngai a tibuai thin. Chumi avang chuan thisen zam (red blood cell) siam chhuah a tlahniam thei a, a nih loh leh cell pangngai lo a lo awm thei bawk.
Chhan dang
- Nutritional deficiencies: Thisen tha siam tur chuan thil tha tak tak i mamawh a ni. Iron, vitamin B12, leh folate te hi ei tur pawimawh tak tak an ni. I ei leh in hmanga hengte hi i hmuh tlem chuan i taksain thisen sen (red blood cells) a siam tha thei lo a, thisen tlakchhamna (anemia) a thlen thei a ni.
- Kidney natna: 1.1.Hormone `(EPO)` hi kal atanga siam a nih avangin kal a chhiat chuan `(EPO)` siam chhuah a tlahniam thei a, thisen sen siam chhuah pawh a tichhe thei bawk.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Thisen sen (red blood cells ), a nih loh leh erythropoiesis siam dan hi thil mak tak a ni a, kan taksaah hian a thleng reng a, automatic-in a thleng reng a ni.
- Hetiang kalphung hi hormone EPO tih hian a thunun ber a, chu chu kal atanga chhuak a ni.
- Chauhna, vun hring, leh thawk hah ang chi natna lan chhuahna i neih reng chuan thisen tlakchhamna chhinchhiahna a ni thei . Chutiang a nih chuan doctor pan ngei ngei tur a ni.
- Iron (sa, sangha, legumes, spinach), vitamin B12 (bawnghnute, artui), leh folate (green vegetables, legumes) tamna ei leh in inthlau tak ei hi thisen sen hrisel level vawng reng turin a pawimawh hle.
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