Kan taksa chhunga kal pahnih hi super filtration system ang mai a ni tih i ngaihtuah ngai em? Chutiang chiah chu a ni. Kidney hna ber chu kan thisena bawlhhlawh duh loh te filter chhuakin taksa atanga zun anga paih chhuah hi a ni. Mahse, han ngaihtuah teh, thil engemaw takin he filter hlu tak hi a tichhia a nih chuan engtin nge ni ang? Chutah chuan harsatna chu a intan ta a ni. Vawiin hian hriat hlawh lo, mahse pawimawh tak, kal chhunga filter tichhe thei dinhmun kan sawi dawn a ni. Chu chu FSGS a ni.
A awlsam zawngin FSGS chu eng nge ni?
FSGS hming kimchang chu Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis a ni. A hming hi a buaithlak deuhin a lang thei a, mahse a takah chuan a thawnthu hi a awlsam khawp mai. I ṭhen darh a, i hrethiam ang u.
Kan kal tin hian kan thisen filter puitu filter te tak te maktaduai khat vel a nei vek a. Damdawi lam hawi chuan hengte hi glomeruli . Kitchen-a tea strainer ang maiin han ngaihtuah teh. Heng filter-te kal tlanga thisen a kal zel hian taksain a mamawh thil tha (nutrients, minerals) te chu thisenah a dah leh a, bawlhhlawh duh loh zawng leh tui tam lutuk te chu a filter chhuak thin. A inthen chu zun anga chhuak a ni.
FSGS-ah chuan heng filter te tak te (glomeruli) te hi a hliam emaw, a khauh emaw a ni. Hei hi ``sclerosis'' an ti a, he scarring hi a lo awm hian filter te hian an hna an thawk tha thei lo.
Tunah chuan a hminga thumal dangte hi han en ila:
- Focal: Chumi awmzia chu he chhiatna hian kal chhunga filter zawng zawng a nghawng vek lo va, a then chauh a nghawng tihna a ni.
- Segmental: Hei hian a awmzia chu filter chhiaah pawh filter a then chauh a chhia a, filter pumpui a chhia lo tihna a ni .
A awlsam zawngin FSGS hi kal chhunga filter thenkhat a chhiat avangin an hnathawh a tichhe thin.
FSGS chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?
FSGS hi chi thum ah then theih a ni. Eng nge an nih i en ang u.
| FSGS type a ni | Hrilhfiahna |
|---|---|
| Primary FSGS a ni | Hetiang chi hi a chhan chiang tak a awm lo. Hetiang dinhmun hi a chhan hriat lohvin a awm thin. |
| Secondary FSGS-ah a awm bawk | Hetiang chi hi damdawi lam thil dang, natna hrik, damdawi, pawn lam thil dang avanga lo awm a ni. Entirnan, zunthlum, thau lutuk, HIV ang chi natna hrik, damdawi thenkhat, leh ruihhlo hman avanga lo awm thei a ni. |
| Genetic (Chhungkaw) FSGS | Hetiang chi hi genetic defect vang a ni a, chu chu nu leh pa atanga fate rochun theih a ni tihna a ni. |
FSGS vei mi pakhatin eng symptoms nge a neih?
FSGS chungchanga harsatna lian ber chu a tir lamah chuan symptoms langsar tak tak a nei lo . Routine medical exam neih lai emaw, condition dang test laiin accident-a hmuhchhuah a ni fo. Mahse, a lan chhuah dan tlangpui tlemte a awm.
- Edema: A hring, a bik takin ke, ke ruh, kut leh hmaiah a hring. Hei hi mi tam takin an hriat chian hmasak ber a ni.
- Proteinuria: Kidney filter a chhiat chuan taksain a mamawh protein te chu filter chhuakin zun-ah a paih chhuak thin. Hei hian i zun chu foamy (sahbawn tui ang chi) angin a lantir thei a ni.
- Thisena cholesterol level a sang.
- Thisen a protein albumin a tlahniam.
- Sudden weight gain: Hei hi taksaa tui tul lo taka awm vang a ni.
- Thisen sang (Hypertension).
Chûng chhinchhiahna engemaw zât (a bîk takin, a hring, zun-a protein, leh thisenah protein tlem) a lo awm dun chuan, doctor-te chuan he natna hi nephrotic syndrome tiin an sawi a ni.
He natna avanga dinhmun hlauhawm (complication) lo awm thei te
FSGS hi uluk taka enkawl a nih loh chuan hun kal zelah harsatna lian tak tak a awm thei a ni. Complication na ber leh hlauhawm ber chu kidney failure hi a ni . Hei hi kal (kidney) a thawk tha thei lo a nih chuan a ni. Hei hi nunna atana hlauhawm emergency a ni.
FSGS i neih a, a hnuaia symptoms te hi i neih chuan damdawi in emergency department (ETU) ah i kal nghal tur a ni :
- Thisen sang thunun theih loh.
- Thisen tlakchham (anemia).
- Nausea, luak chhuak, leh ei duh lohna.
- Kut, ke leh hmai na tak a hring.
Engtin nge doctor hian FSGS hi a hriat theih ang?
I natna lan chhuah dan a ngaihthlak hnuah doctor chuan test eng emaw zat a refer ang che.
- Thisen test: Thisen a protein, bawlhhlawh leh thau awm zat enfiah thin ang che.
- Zun test: Zun chhunga protein leh thisen awm zat tehna tur a ni.
- Kidney function test (Glomerular Filtration Rate - GFR): Hei hian i kal hnathawh that dan a teh a ni.
Mahse heng test zawng zawng hian FSGS a awm tih a tilang thei a, mahse natna 100% a finfiah nan test pakhat tih tur a awm a, chu chu kidney biopsy .
Kidney biopsy tih hi eng nge ni?
Hei hian i kal atanga tissue te tak te tak te chu needle te tak te hmanga lak chhuah a huam a ni. Chumi hnuah chuan tissue chu microscope hmangin an enfiah a, kidney filter-ah hian hliam a awm em tih an enfiah a ni. Hei hi FSGS hmuhchhuahna atana gold standard anga ngaih a ni.
FSGS enkawl dan tur chu engte nge ni?
FSGS enkawl dan hi damlo hrang hrangah a inang lo. FSGS i neih chi hrang hrang, i kum leh i damdawi lam thil dang i neih danah a innghat a ni. Enkawlna tum ber chu symptoms control te, nunphung tha tak vawn that te, kal chhiatna tih tlem leh kal chak lohna venna te a ni.
A pawimawh ber chu FSGS avanga kal (kidney) tihchhiatna hi tihdanglam theih loh a ni. Chumi awmzia chu natna tihdam theih tak a ni lo tihna a ni. Amaherawhchu, enkawlna hian natna a zual zel dan a tikhawlo thei a ni.
Doctor chuan a hnuaia enkawlnate hi a rawt thei ang:
Damdawi chi hrang hrang
- Thisen sang control thei leh zun a protein excretion ti tlem thei damdawi. Entirnan: `(Angiotensin tidanglam thei enzyme inhibitor - ACE-Is)`, `(Angiotensin receptor blocker - ARBs)`.
- Diuretics hi taksaa tui awm lohna damdawi a ni.
- Immunosuppressive drugs hi immune system hnathawh dan tur control tu damdawi a ni.
- Steroid te chu `(Corticosteroids)` ang chi te hi a ni.
- A then phei chuan `(Plasmapheresis)` tih ang chi specialized treatment te pawh a awm bawk.
Nunphung a inthlak danglam thin
Damdawi ang bawkin i nunphung i tihdanglam pawh hi a pawimawh hle.
- Diet: I ei leh in a chi (sodium) leh protein awm zat tihtlem a pawimawh hle. Hemi chungchangah hian doctor leh nutritionist te zawt la.
- Exercise: Nitin exercise la.
- Meizial zuk loh: Meizial zu mi i nih chuan kal hrisel nan bansan nghal a pawimawh.
FSGS vei mi pakhat tan chuan hmalam hun eng nge awm?
FSGS hi natna khirh tak a ni a, damdawi a awm lo. Mi hrang hrangah prognosis a inang lo. Mi thenkhat chu enkawlna nen uluk taka thunun chungin natna nen an khawsa thei a, kum tam tak chhung chu harsatna an nei lo. Midang tan chuan natna hi a zual zauh zauh thei a, kal (kidney failure) a thlen thei bawk.
Chutiang a nih chuan dam khawchhuah nan dialysis emaw kidney transplant emaw i mamawh mai thei.
Mahse eng pawh ni se, enkawl dan dik tak, doctor thupek zawm leh nunphung hrisel tak neih chuan FSGS vei tam zawk chuan nun chak tak, hlawhtling tak an nei thei a ni. A pawimawh ber chu i dinhmun chungchânga awm reng a, medical checkup neih fo hi a ni.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- FSGS hi natna a ni a, kal chhunga filter nalh tak takte chu a hliam a, chu chuan kal hian thisen a filter tha thei lo.
- I ke, i kut emaw, i hmai emaw chhan hriat loha a hring a nih chuan, emaw, zun (foamy urine) i hmuh chuan ngaihthah suh. Doctor hmu nghal rawh.
- He natna hi tihdam kim theih ni lo mah se, enkawl dan mumal tak leh nunphung tihdanglam a nih chuan he natna hi thunun theih a ni a, kal (kidney) tihchhiatna pawh a tlem thei hle.
- Doctor-in damdawi a pek dik tak hman a pawimawh a, i ei leh in thunun a pawimawh hle.
- FSGS hi hlauh tur a ni lo a, mahse ngaihtuah tur condition a ni ngei ang. Damdawi lam enkawlna dik tak nen chuan nun tha tak i hmang thei a ni.
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