I intestines atang hian thisen a chhuak em? (Gastrointestinal Bleeding) chungchang hi han sawi ila!

I bawlhhlawh emaw, i luak emaw-ah thisen i hmu tawh em? Pum natna chhinchhiahna a ni thei bawk. I ngaih awlsam tur thil a ni lo. Vawiin hian gastrointestinal bleeding, a tawi zawngin GI bleeding chungchang kan sawi dawn a ni. Tu chungah pawh a thleng thei a, chuvangin fimkhur a pawimawh.

He intestine atanga thisen chhuak hi eng nge ni? (Gastrointestinal Thisen chhuahna) 1.1.

A awlsam zawngin, `(Gastrointestinal Bleeding)` tih hi kan chaw ei dan (chu chu kan ei leh in kan hmin dan a ni) khawi hmun atang pawha thisen chhuak a ni. Ngaihtuah teh, he system hi kan ka atang hian a intan a, chutah chuan kan rilru, chaw kawng, pum, small intestine, large intestine kaltlangin a tawpah chuan anus-ah a tawp ta a ni. Chuvangin, he kawng thui takah hian khawi hmunah pawh hliam emaw, natna hrik emaw, harsatna dang emaw avang hian thisen a chhuak thei a ni.

Doctor-te chuan he thisen chhuahna hi chi thum-ah an ṭhen a, a kalna hmun azirin:

Upper GI Bleed Site awm thei te

Hei hi digestive system chunglam ah a thleng thin. Chu chu:

• Esophagus (chaw kan ei huna kan pum lam panna tube) .
• Pum (ril chhunga chaw ei tur bawm) .
• Duodenum (intestine te tak te atanga a hmasa ber) .

Small bowel bleeding awmna hmun awm thei

Hei hi small intestine lai takah a thleng thin. Chu chu:

• Jejunum (`Jejunum` - rilru chhungril lam lai) .
• Ileum (intestine te tak te hnuhnung ber) .

Lower GI Bleed awm theihna hmun

Hei hi digestive system hnuai lam ah a thleng thin. Chu chu:

• Colon (intestine lian tak) 1.1.
• Rectum hnuai lam (`Rectum`) .
• Anus (`Anus`) tih a ni.

Thisen chhuahna chi hrang hrang a awm em?

Ni e, he thisen hi a kal dan azirin chi hrang hrang a awm.

• Acute Bleeding: Hei hi thisen chhuak nghal, nasa tak a awm hian a ni . Hei hi emergency medical attention mamawh tak a ni. Tlemte pawhin tihkhawtlai hi thil tha a ni lo.
• Chronic bleeding: Hetiang a nih chuan thisen hi a zawi zawi a, mahse hun rei tak chhung a thleng thei , a tawp thei a, a lo let leh thei bawk.
• Occult bleeding: Hei hi a tricky deuh. A chhan chu thisen chhuak chu kan hmu thei lo. A chhan chu a tlem hle a ni . Mahse, thisen test ang chi thil kan tih hian thisen a tlahniam tih kan hre thei chauh a ni.
• Overt bleeding: Hei hi thisen chhuak chiang taka hmuh theih hun a ni. A zun (a dum emaw, a sen emaw pawh a ni thei), a nih loh leh riltam hmangin hmuh theih a ni .
• Thisen chhuah chiang lo:A châng chuan doctor-te'n ``Endoscopy'' ang chi test an tih pawhin thisen chu khawi aṭanga lo chhuak nge tih chiang takin an hmu thei lo. Chuvang chuan hetiang hian an ko thin.

Engvangin nge he a chunglam atang hian thisen a chhuak? (Upper GI Thisen chhuah chhan)

Digestive tract chunglam atanga thisen chhuah chhan tam tak a awm thei. A bulpui berte chu:

• Peptic ulcers: Hei hi a chhan tam ber a ni. Heng ulcer te hi pum ulcer damdawi ei loh te, natna tidamtu damdawi thenkhat hman chhunzawm zel te, Helicobacter pylori an tih bacteria kai te avang te hian a lo awm thei a ni.
• Esophageal varices: Hetiang natna hi thin natna nei te tan a awm thei. Esophagus-a thisen kalna kawngte chu a hring a, a chhe a, thisen a chhuak tan a ni.
• Gastritis: Pum chhunga lining a inflammation. Hei hian chhan tam tak a nei thei a ni.
• Esophagitis: Esophagus chhunga lining a inflammation a awm.
• GERD (Chronic Acid Reflux): Pum chhunga acid lo chhuak (gastritis a nasat lutuk ang chi). Hei hian chaw kawng a tichhe thei bawk.
• Cancer: Chaw ei kawng leh pum cancer vangin thisen a chhuak thei bawk. Mahse lungngai suh, thisen chhuah zawng zawng hi cancer vang a ni lo.
• Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST): Hei hi tumor chi khat bik a ni a, chaw ei kawngah a awm a.
• Organ dang natna, liver cancer leh pancreatic cancer te pawhin indirect effect a nei thei bawk.

Lower GI bleed awm chhante chu engte nge ni? (Lower GI Bleed awm chhan)

Digestive tract hnuai lam atanga thisen chhuak hi chhan hrang hrang a awm a.

• Hemorrhoids: Hei hi mi tam zawkin an hriat chian em em a ni. Anus vel thisen kalna kawngte chu a lo hring a, riltam laiin thisen a chhuak thei bawk.
• Anal fissures: Constipation leh thisen chhuah ang chi thil vangin anus vunah hian crack te te a awm thei.
• Colon polyps: Hei hi a lian te te, intestine lian chhunga lo awm thin a ni. Ṭhenkhat chu cancer-ah an chang thei bawk.
• Colorectal cancer: Hei hi a chhan lian tak a ni bawk.
• Diverticulitis leh diverticulosis: Pouche te tak te, intestine wall-a lo awm, a kai chuan thisen a chhuak thei.
• Crohn natna leh ulcerative colitis: Hengte hi chaw ei leh in lama natna hrik (Inflammatory Bowel Disease - IBD) a ni.
• Rectal ulcer a awm thin.
• Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) a awm a, a chhuahna tur hmun leh a hmanna tur hmun hi a inang lo hle.
• Anal cancer a ni.

Hei hi eng symptoms nge ni ang, doctor?

Thisen chhuahna hmun leh thisen chhuah zat a zirin symptoms a inang lo thei. A lan chhuah dan tlangpui chu:

• Pum na emaw, na emaw.
• Thluak chhunga thisen: A chang chuan ek chu a dum emaw, a tarry emaw a ni thei (hei hi thisen chhuahna chu upper intestine atanga a chhuah laiin a thleng thin a, thisen chu a ei chhuah vang a ni). A nih loh leh a sen pawh a ni thei (hei hi thisen chhuahna chu intestine hnuai lam atanga lo chhuak a nih hian a thleng fo thin).
• Pale appearance: Taksain thisen a hloh chuan vun a rawn sen a.
• Thâwk harsa (dyspnea): Stairs i chhoh lai emaw, i hah deuh emaw chuan thawk harsa i ti thei.
• Chauhna leh chak lohna nasa tak: Engmah tih theih loh khawpa chau lutuk, nunna nei lo anga inhria.
• Thisen chhuah: A châng chuan thisen thar i chhuah thei . A nih loh leh black , coffee grounds-like vomit (hei hi pum chhunga thisen acid nen a inhmeh a, a dum a nih chuan a thleng thin).

Acute bleeding-ah hian symptoms a danglam em?

Ni e, vawi khatah thisen tam tak i chhuah chuan (`Acute bleed`), a natna lan chhuah dan chu a na zawk thei a , a lo lang nghal vat thin. Heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan damdawi inah i kal nghal tur a ni :

• Luak chhuak, inher chhuak tih hriatna, emaw, muhil (syncope) emaw.
• Zun harsatna emaw zun chhuah tlem emaw.
• Thinlung thawk chak: Lungngaihna leh rilru na tak.
• Shock: Hei hi dinhmun hlauhawm tak a ni. Taksa peng hrang hrangin thisen an dawn tawk loh laia lo awm thin a ni. Vun a vawt thei a, a thawmhnaw a chhuak thei a, thawk a rang thei a, hriatna a tichhe thei bawk.

He natna hi engtin nge dik taka i hriat theih? (Diagnosis) tih a ni.

Heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan i tih hmasak ber tur chu doctor pan hi a ni . Doctor in i natna lan chhuah dan a zawt ang che a, a enfiah ang che. Chumi hnuah chuan thisen chhuahna hmun leh a nasat dan hriat tumin test eng emaw zat an ti ang.

Eng test nge tih a nih ang?

A hmasain, a hnuaia test te hi i ti duh mai thei:

• Thisen test: Hengte hian i thisen zat leh thisen tlakchhamna (anemia) i neih leh neih loh a enfiah thei a ni.
• Fecal occult blood test (FOBT): Hei hian ek chhunga thisen hmuh theih loh a awm leh awm loh a hriat theih.
• CT scan: Hei hi X-ray test bik a ni a, thisen chhuah emaw, harsatna dang emaw a awm leh awm loh enfiah nan intestine three-dimensional (3D) image a la a ni.
• X-ray examination of the intestines (`GI X-rays`): Hetah hian tui bik `(Barium)` tih chu in tur emaw, rectum kaltlangin dah emaw a ni a, `X-ray` lak a ni. Hei hian intestine chhung lam chu chiang takin a hmu thei a ni.
• Upper endoscopy: Hetiang tih danah hian doctor chuan i hmuiah tube te tak te, flexible tak (endoscope an tih) a dah lut a, chu chuan i chaw kawng, i pum leh i duodenum a enfiah thin. Tube hian camera te tak te leh a tawp lamah light a nei a, doctor chuan a chhung lam a hmu thei zawk a ni.
• Balloon enteroscopy: Hei hi endoscopy nen a inang a, mahse small intestine hmun hmuh harsa tak takte chu a enfiah thei a ni. Tube tawp lama balloon te tak te inflating hmanga tih a ni.
• Colonoscopy emaw Sigmoidoscopy: Hetiang tih danah hian endoscope chu anus kaltlangin dahin, intestine lian leh lower rectum enfiah a ni.

Test tam zawk neih a ngai dawn em ni?

A châng chuan, a chunga test-te hian thisen chhuahna bul dik tak a hriat theih loh chuan, emaw, thisen chhuak nghal a awm a nih chuan, specialized test tam zâwk neih a ngai thei a ni:

• Angiography: Hemiah hian thisen kalna kawng hrang hrangah dye bik an inject a, X-ray emaw CT scan emaw an ti thin. Hei hian thisen kalna kawngte chiang taka hmuh theih a nih avangin thisen chhuahna bul zawn a awlsam phah a ni.
• Capsule endoscopy: Hei hi test mak tak a ni. Pill ang chi camera te tak te i ei a. Camera hian i intestines a paltlang rualin thlalak tam tak a la thin. A tawpah chuan camera chu i stool nen a pass out ta a ni.
• Radionuclide scan: Hetah hian radioactive material him tak awmna thil pek i ni. He thil hi thisen sen (red blood cells)-ah a innghat a, chuvangin scan-ah hian thisen kalna hmun a lang a ni.

Hei hi eng enkawlna nge ni?

Enkawlna chu thisen chhuah chhan, thisen chhuahna hmun leh a nasat danah a innghat a ni.

Damdawi hmanga tihdam theih a ni em?

Ni e, a then phei chuan damdawi hian thisen chhuahna a thunun thei a, a chhan pawh a tidam thei bawk. Entirnan, pumpui ulcer, hemorrhoid, GERD avanga thisen chhuahna damdawi a awm. Heng damdawi te hi:

• Stomach acid level a tihhniam.
• Thisen zam a pui thin.
• A hring (swelling) a ti tlem.

Surgery ang chi thil tih a ngai em?

Vawi tam tak chu doctor-te chuan endoscopy emaw colonoscopy emaw nen a rualin enkawlna an ti thin. Hengte hi tube tawp lama hmanraw te tak te, hman theih tur te chu an ni:

• Thil lo thang lian lo, entirnan, colon polyps tihbo.
• Thisen chhuah tihtawp nan damdawi inject.
• Thisen kalna kawng chu clip emaw band te tak te hmanga khar (sealing) tihna.
• Laser, hot gas emaw cold gas hmanga thisen kalna tissue tihchhiat.

Pawimawh: Heng enkawlna tam tak hi endoscopy nen a rualin tih theih a ni a, incision lian tak siam lovin, chuvangin a dam thuai theihna chance a awm.

Thisen chhuak nghal a nih chuan enkawl dan a danglam em?

Thisen chhuah a nasat em avangin emergency surgery a ngai mai thei. A chang chuan laparoscopy tih hmangin operation hi an ti thin . Chumi awmzia chu pum chhungah hian incision te te tlemte siam a ni a, chuta tang chuan camera leh surgical instrument te dahin thisen chhuahna hmun chu rang takin an enkawl tihna a ni.

Engtin nge hetiang thil hi a lo thlen loh theih ang? (Invenna) 1.1.

Hetiang intestinal bleeding hi ven nan hian thil engemaw zat kan tih theih a awm a:

• Painkiller (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicines - NSAIDs) leh aspirin te hi a tul tak tak hunah chauh hmang thin ang che. Hengte hi i ei chhunzawm zel chuan Doctor nen inbia ang che.
• Zu in hi tihtlem rawh. Zu in tam lutuk hian i pum a tichhe thei a ni.
• Meizial i zuk chuan bansan rawh. Meizial zuk hian pum ulcer awm theihna a tipung a ni.
• Diverticulitis ang chi intestinal disease i neih chuan enkawl tha la, i symptoms control rawh.
• Helicobacter pylori bacteria awm leh awm loh test la, a bik takin i hlauhawm a nih chuan pum chhunga ulcer a thlen thei a ni.

He natna atang hian ka dam leh dawn em ni? Eng ang thlirna nge ni ang? (Hmuh dan tur) .

Mi tam zawk chu GI bleed atang hian an dam vek thin . Mahse, intestine a dam kim theih nan thla engemaw zat a la ngai thei. Heng nunphung inthlak danglamna te hian nakin lawkah GI thisen chhuah leh theihna tur a tihziaawm thei a ni:

• A theih ang angin thisen chhuak thei damdawi hman loh tur a ni.
• Helicobacter pylori ang chi natna hrik, pum chhunga ulcer thlentu te tan enkawlna dawng rawh.
• Stress tihziaawm rawh. Deep breathing exercise ang chi thil hi han ti ve teh.
• Nunphung chak tak leh ei leh in inthlau tak vawng reng rawh. Tichuan i taksa rihna hrisel tak i vawng reng thei ang.

Enkawlna atana thupek bik zawm ngai a awm em?

Enkawlna a hlawhtling a nih pawhin a chang chuan GI thisen a lo let leh thei. Chuvangin, i hriselna humhim turin hengte hi enkawl la:

• I doctor follow-up appointment-ah kal ngei ngei tur a ni. Heng appointment-te hian i doctor-in i enkawlna a thawh that dan a hmu thei a, thisen chhuak thar a awm chuan a hmu thei bawk.
• Damdawi hi i doctor-in a tih ang chiah chiah, hun bituk chhung atan ei rawh. Damdawi side effects chungchangah harsatna i neih chuan i doctor nen sawiho ang che. A dose a tihtlem thei emaw, damdawi dang a pe thei che emaw a ni thei.
• I nunphung \ha tihdanglamna chu ti chhunzawm zel ang che. Tunah hian symptom nei lo mah la, nun hrisel i neih chuan i dam theih nan a pui ang che.

Hriat reng tur pawimawh ber (Take-Home Message) .

Gastrointestinal bleeding hi damdawi lam thil chi hrang hrang avanga lo awm thei a ni. Digestive system khawi hmunah pawh a awm thei.

I bawlhhlawh chhunga thisen awm emaw, thisen chhuak emaw chu ngaihthah ngai suh. Thil pawi tak chhinchhiahna a ni thei bawk.

A tha ber chu heng symptoms te hi i hriat veleh doctor pan mai hi a ni. Doctor te chuan ``Endoscopy`` emaw ``Colonoscopy`` ang chi test hmangin thisen chhuahna hmun an zawng thei a, an enkawl thei bawk. Enkawlna hnuah pawh he natna hi a lo awm leh thei a, chuvangin doctor thupek dik taka zawm a pawimawh hle. Zawhna i neih chuan i doctor zawh hreh suh. Hrisel takin awm rawh!

` Digestive system, intestinal bleeding, GI Bleed, natna lan chhuah dan, enkawl dan, a chhan, endoscopy