Thalassemia chungchanga hriat tur awmte

I chhungkuaa mi emaw, i hriat mi emaw chuan "anemic" an tih i hre ngai em? A chang chuan an chau reng a, an vun chu a sen leh sallow hmel hle. Hei hi thisen tlakchhamna pangngai a ni thei ang em? Ni e, a pangngai lo mai thei, thisen natna rochun thalassemia an tih pawh a ni thei. He hming i hriat hian hlau suh. Hei hi natna hrik kai theih a ni lo. Engkim hi awlsam tak leh chiang takin sawi ila.

Thalassemia hi eng nge ni tak tak ?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, thalassemia hi kan nu leh pate hnen atanga kan rochun thisen natna a ni. Hetiang natna vei hian thisen sen hrisel leh protein hemoglobin tih chu a siam chhuah dan pangngai aia tlem a nei a ni.

Ngaihtuah teh, red blood cells hi kan taksa pum puia oxygen phurtu delivery service a ni. Hemoglobin hi box bik ang a ni a, chu oxygen chu a pack a, a phur a ni. Thalassemia veiah chuan heng delivery vehicle (red blood cells) leh oxygen box (hemoglobin) te hi a tam lo emaw, a chhiatna engemaw zat a awm emaw a ni. Chuvangin, taksa peng zawng zawng hian oxygen an dawng tling vek lo. Hei hi anemia kan ti bawk .

Thalassemia hian hming hrang hrang a nei a. Heng hmingte hi i hre tawh mai thei:

• Alpha thalassemia natna a ni
• Beta thalassemia natna a awm
• Cooley-a thisen tlakchhamna (anemia) a nei
• Mediterranean tuipuiah thisen tlakchhamna (anemia) a awm

Engtin nge thalassemia hi a lo awm? Tute nge hlauhawma awm?

Thalassemia hi ei leh in emaw, tui emaw, mi dang atanga kan kai theih natna a ni lo. Nu leh pa atanga fate hnena genes hmanga inthlunzawm vek thil a ni.

Hemoglobin an tih protein siam nan hian thil pawimawh pahnih a awm a. Alpha globin leh beta globin te an ni. Hengte siam dan tur "recipe" hi kan genes ah hian a awm a ni. Heng genes-ah hian tihsual (recipe-a tihsual) a awm chuan taksain a tul angin hemoglobin hrisel a siam thei dawn lo.

• Nu leh pa pakhat chauh atanga gene chhia i rochun chuan: Carrier i ni thei. Hei hian symptom i nei lo emaw, i nei tlem hle emaw a ni thei tihna a ni a, mahse gene chhia chu i fate hnenah i pe thei a ni.
• Nu leh pa pahnih atanga gene chhia i rochun chuan: Thalassemia na lo, na lo, emaw, na tak emaw i vei thei.

Hetiang dinhmun hi Asia ram Sri Lanka, Middle East, Africa, leh Mediterranean ram Greece leh Turkey-a mite zingah hmuh tur a awm tlangpui.

Thalassemia chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?

Thalassemia hi chi hnih ah then a ni a, hei hi hemoglobin formula a eng part nge a chhiat tih a zirin a ni.

Alpha Thalassemia chi hrang hrang

• Carrier status: Gene 1 dik lo nei. Symptoms a awm lo.
• Alpha Thalassemia Minor: Gene 2 tha lo a nei. Symptoms a awm lo emaw, a na lo hle emaw a ni.
• Hemoglobin H Natna: Gene 3 tha lo a nei. A natna lan chhuah dan chu a hniam lam atanga na tak a ni.
• Alpha Thalassemia Major: Gene 4 chhia zawng zawng nei vek. Hei hi dinhmun pawi tak a ni. Naute hi a pum chhungah emaw, a pian hnu rei vak lovah emaw a thi fo thin.

Beta Thalassemia chi hrang hrang

• Beta Thalassemia Minor: Gene 1 dik lo nei. Symptoms nei lo emaw, a na lo hle emaw (carrier state).
• Beta Thalassemia Intermedia: Gene 2 tha lo a nei a. Symptoms a hniam lam (moderate) a awm.
• Beta Thalassemia Major / Cooley’s Anemia: Gene 2 chhia a awm. Hei hi symptoms na tak tak nei condition a ni.

Thalassemia natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni?

Thalassemia i neih chi leh a nasat danah a symptoms a innghat. Mi thenkhat chuan symptom engmah an nei lo mai thei. Nausen chi hrang hrangah chuan naupang kum 2 a tlin hmain symptoms a lang tlangpui.

Hengte hi a lan chhuah dan tlangpui thenkhat chu an ni:

• Chauhna leh hah lutuk
• Thâwk harsa , thawk hah
• Luak chhuak leh chak lohna
• Vun dum emaw, sen emaw
• Zun dum
• Chaw chakna
• Naupangte thanlenna tlahniam leh puitlin hun sawn hlat
• Hmêl pianzia dik lo (a bik takin hmai leh hmui ruh langsar) .
• Abdomen chhuak (liver emaw spleen emaw a lian vang) .
• Lu na fo thin
• Ruh chak lo leh awlsam taka chhe thei

Engtin nge thalassemia i vei tih i hriat theih ang?

A tlangpuiin, symptom i neih loh chuan chhan dang avanga thisen test pangngai tih laiin accident-in a hriat theih a ni. Symptom i neih chuan i doctor chuan a enfiah ang che a, i chhungkaw medical history a zawt ang che.

Chumi hnuah chuan thisen test bik thenkhat tih a tha a, chungte chu:

• Complete Blood Count (CBC): Hei hian thisen chhunga thisen sen leh hemoglobin awm zat a tehna a ni. Hengte hi thalassemia vei zingah a hniam tlangpui.
• Hemoglobin Electrophoresis: Hei hian i thisena hemoglobin chi hrang hrang awm leh engzat nge awm tih chiang takin a hril thei a ni.
• Genetic Testing: He test hian eng thalassemia chi nge i neih tih chiang taka hriat theih nan a pui a ni.

Naupai laia natna hriatchhuah

Nangmah emaw, i kawppui emaw chu thalassemia carrier i nih chuan i naute chu a pian hmain a natna hi i test thei ang.

• Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS): Naupai atanga kar 11 vel ah nausen atanga sample te tak te lak a ni a, test a ni.
• Amniocentesis: Naupai kar 16 vel ah naute chhehvel amniotic fluid sample lak a ni a, test a ni.

Hetiang dinhmun hi hmuhchhuah a nih chuan hematologist hnenah refer i ni ang.

Thalassemia enkawl dan tur chu engte nge ni?

Enkawlna chu a natna nasat danah a innghat a ni. Thalassemia minor ang chi natna na lo tak nei chuan enkawlna engmah a mamawh lo mai thei a, mahse a nasat chuan dam chhung enkawl a ngai thung.

Enkawl dan tlangpui chu:

1. Thisen pek dan

Thalassemia na tak nei damlote chuan thisen pek an mamawh a, chu chuan thisen sen hrisel leh hemoglobin a pe thei a ni. A tlangpuiin kar 2-4 danah thisen pek an ngai thin . Hei hian hah lova an thil tih pangngai chhunzawm zel turin chakna a pe a ni.

2. Chelation Therapy hmanga enkawlna

Thisen pek fo leh damdawi lam dinhmun avang hian taksaa iron awm zat hi a tul lovah a pung thei a ni. Hei hi ``Iron Overload'' kan ti a ni.He extra iron hi thinlung leh thin ang chi taksa peng pawimawh tak takah a awm khawm thei a, a tichhia thei bawk.

3. Enkawlna dang

• Bone Marrow emaw Stem Cell Transplant: Donor hrisel tak hnen atanga bone marrow transplant hian a chang chuan thalassemia hi a tidam vek thei. Mahse, hei hi a hlauhawmna leh a inmil tur donor hmuh a harsat avangin tih a ni fo lo.
• Surgery: Damlo thenkhat chuan an spleen a lian a, chu chu surgery hmanga lakchhuah (splenectomy) a ngai a ni.
• Damdawi: Damdawi `Luspatercept (Reblozyl)` leh `Hydroxyurea` te hi thisen zam (red blood cells) siam chhuahna atan leh natna lan chhuah dan control nan hman a ni.
• Supplements: I doctor chuan folic acid ang chi vitamin a rawn rawt thei a, hei hian thisen zam (red blood cells) a siam thei a ni. Amaherawhchu, damdawi lam thurawn tel lo chuan iron supplement hi eng vang pawhin ei loh tur a ni.

Thalassemia natna vei hian engtin nge hrisel taka kan nun theih ang?

Thalassemia vei tan chuan nun hrisel leh hlim taka a awm theih nan heng thilte hi enkawl hi a pawimawh hle.

• I doctor thupek zawm rawh: I doctor enkawl dan tur chu a tih ang chiah, a hun takah zawm la, clinic-ah pawh kal ngei ngei tur a ni.
• Ei leh in hrisel: Ei leh in inthlau tak, thei leh thlai tam tak ei thin ang che. Iron tamna ei tur (sa, sangha, legumes) leh iron tamna ei tur tihtlem a ngai em tih doctor zawt rawh.
• Vaccine la rawh: I doctor-in a rawt vaccine zawng zawng, a bik takin flu shot ang chi te chu la vek rawh, a chhan chu natna kai theihna a sang zawk thei a ni.
• Insawizawi:I taksa nena inmil exercise light tak nei rawh. Chumi chungchang chu i doctor nen sawiho rawh.
• Faina: Mi damlote lakah inthiarfihlim rawh. Kut sil fo thin ang che.
• Meizial leh zu in loh tur: Hengte hi i thinlung leh ruh tan a tha lo.
• Rilru hriselna: Natna khirh tak nena nun hi rilru hahna a ni thei. I rilru hah emaw, lungngaihna emaw i neih chuan, chhûngte, ṭhiante, a nih loh leh rilru lam hrisêlna lama thurâwn petu hnênah sawiho rawh .