‘Germs’ tih thumal hi kan hre vek tawh a ni lawm ni? A bik takin naupang tê tê awmna inah chuan "kut sil rawh, hrik a ni" tih leh "leia awm chu ei suh, natna hrik a ni" tih ang chi hi kan hre fo ṭhin. Ni khatah vawi engzat nge he thu hi ngaihtuah pawh ngaihtuah lovin kan sawi thin? Mahse, heng natna hrik te hi eng tak nge ni? Mit hmuh theih loh ni mah se, engtin nge kan nun an nghawng? Ṭhenkhat chu an ṭha tih hi a dik em? Vawiin hian he thu hi awlsam takin, nang leh kei hian kan hriatthiam theih tur tawng hmangin kan sawi dawn a ni.
A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, hrik chu thil nung, mit ngeia hmuh theih loh khawpa te tak te an ni. Damdawi lamah chuan heng microorganisms kan ti thin. Khawi hmunah pawh an awm. Thli i thawhah te, i in tuiah te, i kalna leiah te, kan ei leh in te, rannung taksa te, thing leh mau te... A tawi zawngin i ngaihtuah theih apiangah an awm a ni. Heng natna hrik te hi he thu i chhiarna phone screen-ah te, i khawih kawngkhar knob-ah te, i vunah te, i taksa chhungah te pawh an cheng a ni.
Mahse, ‘germs’ tih thumal hi hlau suh. Heng microorganism zawng zawng hian min ti na lo. Dik tak chuan hrisel taka kan awm theihna tura min puitu leh kan tana pawimawh tak natna hrik tha tak tak a awm bawk. Entîr nân, kan intestines-a bacteria ṭhenkhat chuan kan ei tûrte chu kan hmin theih nân min ṭanpui a, pâwn lam aṭanga hrik chhia lo chhuak lakah min vênghim bawk. Amaherawhchu, hrik thenkhat, kan taksaa an luh chuan min ti na thei a ni. Hei vang hian heng hrik tha lo, natna thlentu hrikte hi a darh loh nan kan kut kan sil fo tur a ni.
Hriselna chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?
Natna thlen thei hrik te hi chi liah kan then thei a. Type tin hian hna an thawk dan a inang lo va, an enkawl dan pawh a inang lo. Hei hi chiang takin i hrethiam ang u.
| Disinfectant chi hrang hrang | A sawifiahna awlsam tak | Entirnan |
|---|---|---|
| Bacteria te hi a ni | Chûngte chu cell pakhat aṭanga siam thil nung te tak te an ni. An chhehvel atanga an mamawh ei tur tha tak tak an hmuh theih nan an nung thin. Natna thlentu bacteria tha bakah bacteria tha lo pawh a awm bawk. Heng bacteria tha lote hian kan taksaah toxin a siam a, natna hrik a thlen thin. | Ha natna, zun kawng natna, leh strep throat te a awm bawk. Hengte enkawl nan hian Doctor ten antibiotics an pe tlangpui. |
| Virus te hi a ni | Virus hi cell tling tak an ni lo. Protein coat-a inzawm genetic material ang mai an ni. Mahni chauhin an khawsa thei lo. An dam khawchhuah theih nan leh an darh zel theih nan cell nung dang (host cell) an mamawh a ni. Kan taksa cell-a lut a, chu cell-te chu thunun theiin an darh a ni. | Virus hian natna chi hrang hrang, common cold leh influenza atanga natna khirh zawk, measles, dengue fever, leh HIV/AIDS thlengin a thlen a ni. Antibiotics hian virus lakah hna a thawk lo. Virus thenkhat chauh hian antiviral damdawi an nei a. |
| Fungi te pawh a awm | Hengte hi multi-celled organisms an ni a, eng emaw chen chu thlai ang deuh an ni. Hmun lum leh vawt takah an thang lian thin. Chhangphut chi khat, ni hnih emaw, ni thum emaw chhunga chhuak tawh chunga lo piang mold chi khat han ngaihtuah teh. | Mold leh yeast hi fungi chi hrang hrang a ni. Athlete ke leh yeast infection Candida ang chi hi a awm fo thin. Hengte hi mi hrisel tan chuan a hlauhawm vak lo tlangpui. Hengte enkawl nan hian antifungal damdawi a awm a. |
| Protozoa te hi an ni | Chungte chu bacteria ang chi cell pakhat nei thil nung an ni. Mahse an cell structure hi a buaithlak deuh a ni. Moisture an duh em em a, chuvangin tui bawlhhlawh hmangin natna an thehdarh thin. Protozoa thenkhat chu rannung dang taksaah parasite angin an khawsa a. | Heng parasitic protozoa te hian malaria leh toxoplasmosis ang chi natna a thlen thin. Hengte enkawl nan hian antiparasitic drugs hman a ni. |
Thil pakhat hre reng ang che. Khawsik emaw, khuh emaw, khawsik emaw i neih chuan virus nge bacteria tih chu nangmah ngeiin i rel thei lo. Chuvangin damdawi dawrah kal mai mai suh la, nangmah chauhin antibiotics ei mai suh. Doctor pan ngei ngei tur a ni a, diagnosis dik tak hmu la, a damdawi pek ang chauh ei la.
Engtin nge heng hrikte hi hmun khat atanga hmun dangah an darh?
Hriselna chu sipai ruk ang mai a ni. Hmun khat a\anga hmun dangah, mi pakhat a\anga hmun dangah an darh darh nan kawng hrang hrang an hmang \hin.
- Direct contact: Mi damlo khawih emaw, kut inthlak emaw, kuah emaw, fawh emaw hmangin direct-in natna hrik hi a inthlak thei a ni. Tin, mi damloin a hman thin cup, plate, spoon, towel te ang chi thil insem hian natna hi a darh thei bawk.
- Through the air: Hri kai miin a khuh emaw, a hnim emaw hian a hmui leh hnar atanga hnim hring te te te chu boruakah a chhuak thin. Heng droplet-te hian hrik maktaduai tam tak a pai thei a ni. Chu boruak kan thawh chuan chu hrik chu kan taksaah a lut a.
- Thil bawlhhlawh khawih: Hei hi hriat loha hrik kan lak chhuah dan ber a ni. Ngaihtuah teh, bus-ah i chuang a, wire i khawih a. Chu wire chu a hmaa lo khawih tawh mi za tam tak kut aṭangin natna hrik a nei thei a ni. Tichuan chu kut ngei chuan thil i ei a, a nih loh leh i hnar, i hmui, i mit i khawih a ni. Chutah chuan natna hrik awlsam takin i taksaah a lut thei a ni. He hlauhawmna hi nitin kan khawih apiangah a awm a, chu chu kawngkhar khar, pawisa note, ATM machine, leh dawhkan te hi a ni.
- Chaw leh tui thianghlim lo: Bacteria leh protozoa ang chi natna hrik te chu ei tur dik lo leh chawhmeh tha lo leh tui thianghlim lo hmangin awlsam takin taksaah an lut thei a ni. Hei vang hian tui lum in tur te, ei hmaa kut silfai tur te, thei leh thlai te uluk taka sil tur te kan rawt fo thin.
- Ran leh rulhut kaltlangin: Dengue leh malaria hi thosiin a kai ang bawkin, rannung thenkhatin an seh hian an hmui hian kan taksaah natna hrik a kai nghal thei a ni.
Pawn lam boruak ah hian natna hrik te hi eng chen nge an dam theih?
Hei hi mi tam takin an zawh thin a ni. Hriselna chi hrang hrangte hian pawn lam boruak, chu chu lei chunglam hrang hrangah dam chhung hun hrang hrang an nei a. Chu dam chhung chu thil engemaw zatin a hril a:
- Hriselna chi: A hun chhung hi bacteria, virus, fungus a nih dan azirin a inang lo.
- Surface type: Metal leh plastic ang chi nonporous surface-ah chuan rei zawk a dam thei. Fabric leh paper ang chi porous surface-ah te a dam rei thei.
- Environment: A hmun lum leh vawt hian hei hi a nghawng bawk.
Hriselna tawn tlanglawn thenkhat chu eng chen nge leilung hrang hrangah an dam rei tih i lo en ang u.
| Disinfectant chi hrang hrang | A nghah hun (ดีวน ประ มาร) |
|---|---|
| Khawsik natna hrik | Hmun khauh takah chuan kar khat chhung a dam thei. Mahse, darkar 24 hmasa ber hnuah chuan natna a darh theihna chu nasa takin a tlahniam a ni. Kut hmangin darkar khat vel a dam thei. |
| Influenza virus (Flu virus) hrik pai a ni. | Hmun khauh takah darkar 24-48 chhung a awm thei. |
| Coronavirus hri leng | A chunglam chi hrang hrang a zirin darkar tlemte atanga ni engemaw zat thleng a daih thei. |
| Bacteria (e.g. E. coli, Salmonella) te hi a awm thei lo. | A châng chuan minute 20 chhung chauhvin thi mah se, chi ṭhenkhat chu hmun khauh takah darkar 4 thleng an dam thei a ni. |
| A rilru a buai em em a, a rilru a hah em em bawk a. Clostridium difficile (C. diff) . | Hei hi bacteria hlauhawm tak a ni. Lei khauh takah thla 5 thleng a dam thei. |
Hriselna tihchhiat dan tur engte nge ni?
Kan chhehvela heng hmuh theih loh hmelma te hi tihchhiat nan thil chi hrang hrang kan hmang thin. Mahse, an vai hian hna an thawk tak tak em?
Zu leh hand sanitizer hnawih hian a pui thei ang em?
Awle. Mahse, condition pakhat a awm. I hman tur hand sanitizer emaw rubbing alcohol ah hian 70% tal isopropyl alcohol a awm tur a ni. Percentage hniam zawkte chuan hrik an that tha lovang. I tihfai a nih chuan second 30 tal spray emaw phihfai emaw la, chutah chuan phihfai rawh.
Hydrogen peroxide hi engtin nge ni ang?
Ni e, hydrogen peroxide hi disinfectant tha tak a ni a, natna hrik tam tak a that thei a, bacteria leh virus te pawh a that thei bawk. Mahse, thil khauh, nonporous surface tan pawh a tha ber. A tha ber tur chuan a chung lamah spray la, minute khat tal thut tir la, i silfai hmain.
Vinegar hian natna hrik a that em?
Hei hi ngaihdan dik lo awm fo a ni. No. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) chhinchhiah dan chuan vinegar hian bacteria leh virus tam zawk lakah a thawk tha lo hle a, flu virus leh coronavirus te pawh a la thei lo. Undiluted white vinegar hian bacteria thenkhat a that thei a, mahse disinfectant tha ber a ni lo. Chuvangin i in tihfai nan vinegar rinchhan suh.
Khua lum hian natna hrik a tichhia em?
Ni e, a dik tak zet. World Health Organization chhinchhiah danin 60 degree Celsius (140 degree Fahrenheit) aia sang chuan virus tam zawk a that thei a ni. Chuvang chuan tui kan in hmain tui kan chhum hmasa thin. Tin, tui lum (e.g., dishwasher)-a dish ang chi thil sil hian natna hrik a that thei bawk.
Hripui darh zel tur ven nan eng nge kan tih theih ang?
Tunah chuan hrik chungchang hi i hrethiam tawh hle. Tunah chuan an darh zel tur venna tur leh keimahni leh kan hmangaihte himna tura kan tih theih awlsam ber berte han thlir ila.
A pawimawh ber leh number 1 chu kut silfai hi a ni. Hei hi hrik laka invenna tha ber, man tlawm ber leh awlsam ber a ni.
Kut silfai dan tur dik tak chu hetiang hi a ni:
1. A hmasa berin i kut chu tui thianghlim in hnim la.
2. Sahbawn tam tawk la la, i kut ah uluk takin hnawih rawh.
3. I kut, i kut hnunglam, i kut zungtang inkar, leh i nail hnuaiah second 20 tal hnawih la , lather tha tak thawk rawh. (Thinlung lama "Happy Birthday" hla hi vawi hnih i sak theih hma loh chuan i kut i hrual thei a nih chuan chu chu hun a tawk.)
4. Tichuan sahbawn zawng zawng a bo vek hma chu tuiin uluk takin silfai ang che.
5. Puan fai emaw tissue emaw hmangin kut vawt rawh.
- Hand sanitizer hman tur: Sahbawn leh tui a awm loh chuan zu 70% tal awmna sanitizer hmang thin ang che. Hei hi a danglamna tha tak a nih laiin, sahbawn hmanga kut sil angin a hlawk lo.
- Khuh emaw, hrual emaw hian i hmui leh hnar khuh tur: I hmui leh hnar chu tissue hmangin khuh tur a ni. Tissue i neih loh chuan i kut aiah i elbow hmang zawk rawh.
- I damloh chuan in lamah awm rawh: Khawsik emaw, khawsik emaw ang chi natna hrik kai theih i neih chuan midangte hnena a darh loh nan in lamah awm la, chawlh hahdam rawh.
- Damlo lakah inthiarfihlim rawh: Natna hrik kai theih mi pakhat lakah a hla thei ang bera awm rawh.
- Chaw him dan ngaihtuah: Chaw buatsaih leh ei hmain kut sil hmasa phawt ang che. Sa leh sangha raw cutting board leh knife te chu thlai cut nana hman thin atang hian thliar hran tur a ni. Chaw chu uluk takin chhum rawh.
- Khawih fo thinna hmun silfai: Kawngkhar khar, light switch, phone, leh remote control te khawih fo thinte chu disinfectant hmangin silfai fo thin ang che.
Hriselna (germs) hi kan nunah a tel ve a ni. Khawi hmunah pawh an awm. Hriselna \henkhatin min \anpui laiin \henkhatin min ti na \hin. Mahse heng thil tih dan awlsam tak takte hi i nitin nunah i dah tel chuan heng natna hrik tha lo tak takte lakah hian venhimna nasa tak i hmu thei ngei ang.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Hrik zawng zawng hi a chhe vek lo. Tin, kan taksa tanpuitu leh kan hriselna atana pawimawh tak bacteria tha tak tak a awm bawk.
- Hriselna laka invenna tha ber, awlsam ber leh tangkai ber chu second 20 tal sahbawn leh tui luang hmanga kut silfai hi a ni.
- Inchhung bungrua vinegar ang chi hian natna hrik hlauhawm tam tak a that thei lo va, chuvangin a chunglam tifai turin disinfectant thiam tak thlang rawh.
- Natna hrik kai i neih chuan midangte hnena a darh loh nan in lama awm a, chawlh hahdam chu nangmah mawhphurhna a ni a, chutiang bawkin khawtlang pawhin i mawhphurhna a ni.
- Infection i rinhlelh emaw, i symptoms a zual emaw chuan mahni inenkawl tum ai chuan doctor pan nghal rawh.
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