I hnute cancer hi HER2-Positive a ni em? Hemi chungchang hi chipchiar takin sawi ila!

Hnute cancer chungchang hi i hre tawh em? I thian emaw, i chhungte emaw pawhin a nei tawh mai thei. A nihna takah chuan hnute cancer chi hrang hrang a awm. Vawiin hian pakhat kan sawi dawn a, chu chu a danglam bik a, tlem chuan a darh chak zawk thei a ni. Chu chu HER2-Positive (HER2-positive) hnute cancer a ni . He hming i hriat hian a buaithlak deuh i ti mai thei, mahse lungngai suh. A awlsam zawngin, i hriatthiam theih tur angin kan sawi dawn a ni.

HER2-Positive (HER2+) hnute cancer hi eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, HER2-positive (HER2+) hnute cancer hi cancer chi khat a ni a, a thang chak a, hnute pawnah awlsam takin a darh thei (`invasive`) . Doctor-te’n hetiang cancer chi hi i nei tih an sawi hian i cancer cell-ah hian i taksaa cell-te than leh inthen darh dan controltu protein bik a tam tihna a ni – ``Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2`` , a tawi zawngin HER2 an ti a ni. He HER2 protein hi ``signal'' ang mai a ni a, chu chuan cell te chu a lo thang lian turin a hrilh a ni. A tam lutuk chuan cell te chu rang tak leh thunun theih lohvin an inthen darh a, cancer a thlen thin.

Hetiang hnute cancer chi hi hnute atanga i taksa peng dang, lymph node, thin, lung, emaw i thluak thlengin a darh (metastasize) duh zawk. Mahse a pawimawh ber chu he cancer hi a hmaa hriatchhuah a nih chuan, taksa peng dangah a darh hma chuan doctor ten tunlaia enkawlna changkang tak tak awmte hmangin hlawhtling takin an enkawl thei a ni. Chuvang chuan early detection hi a pawimawh em em a ni.

HER2-positive hnute cancer hi engtiang chiahin nge a awm?

American Cancer Society chhinchhiah danin, kum 2023 chhung ringawt hian hmeichhe 290,000 chuangin invasive breast cancer (invasive ductal carcinoma leh lobular breast cancer) an vei dawn a ni. Heng zinga 15% atanga 20% vel chu HER2-positive an ni. Mipa pawhin hnute cancer an vei thei a, mahse HER2-positive hnute cancer hi mipaah ​​a tam lo hle.

HER2-positive hnute cancer natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni?

Breast cancer chi hrang hrang ang bawkin he HER2-positive subtype hian a tir lamah chuan symptoms chiang tak a lantir lo. Mahse, symptoms a lan chhuah chuan hnute cancer pangngaia hmuh thin nen a inang tlangpui. Eng nge an nih hi han thlir ila:

• Hnute lian leh te, a pianzia, a nih loh leh a contour inthlak danglamna . Hnute pakhat chu a dang aiin a lian zawkin a inhria thei a, a pianzia pawh a danglam thei bawk.
• Breast emaw armpit area- a lump emaw lump emaw awm . Hei hi pea ang maia te pawh a ni thei. I thlasik hun a tawp hnuah pawh lump chu a awm reng a nih chuan i ngaihtuah tur a ni.
• Hnute emaw hnute emaw vun lan dan emaw, a hriat dan emaw a inthlak danglam . Vun chu a hring thei a, a hring emaw a hring emaw a, a hring emaw a hring emaw a awm thei bawk. A chang chuan vun hi a sen emaw, a tlangpui aia dum emaw pawh a ni thei.
• Vun hnuaia hmun khauh tak, marble ang maia awm .
• Nipple atanga thisen emaw, tui thianghlim lo chhuak.

Ngaihtuah teh, i thianpa, "Sunita" ti ila. Ni khat chu a inbual lai chuan Sunita chuan a hnuteah danglamna tenau tak a hmu a. Lump te tak te ang maiin a hria. A tirah chuan a ngaihven vak lo va, "A bo mai ang," tiin a ngaihtuah a. Mahse kar engemaw zat hnuah chuan a la awm reng a ni. Nakinah doctor hnena a entir chuan hnute cancer chhinchhiahna a ni tih a hrechhuak ta a ni. Chuvangin, i hnuteah danglamna danglam bik i hmuh chuan ngaihthah lova damdawi lam thurawn lak a pawimawh hle.

Eng thilin nge HER2-positive hnute cancer thlen?

HER2-positive hnute cancer hi HER2 an tih gene a mutation vang a ni. He HER2 gene hian a hmaa kan sawi tawh HER2 protein chu a siam chhuak a ni. Heng HER2 proteins (`receptors` tia koh bawk) te hi a tlangpuiin hnute cell zawng zawng chung lamah an awm vek a.

Thil awmdan pangngaiah chuan heng HER2 protein te hian hnute cell than leh siamthatna an control a, chu chuan cell thar te chu cell chhia emaw thi mek emaw thlak thei tur khawpa tam an inthen theih nan a enkawl a ni.

Mahse, HER2 gene hi a inthlak danglam chuan a copy tam lutuk a siam a ni. HER2 gene hi overexpressed a nih chuan HER2 protein pawh a siam tam lutuk bawk. HER2 protein a tam lutuk chuan hnute cell te chu rang takin an inthen a, thunun theih lohvin an thang lian a, cancer tumor an lo ni ta a ni.

Hei hi eng risk factors nge awm?

Breast cancer ang bawkin HER2-positive breast cancer vei theihna tur risk factors hi hnute cancer pangngai ang tho a ni. Heng risk factors te hi i nei emaw nei lo emaw pawhin hnute cancer i vei thei. Mahse, heng thilte hian i risk a tipung thei a ni:

• Inherited genetic mutation neih a ni . Entirnan, gene BRCA1 emaw BRCA2 emaw a mutation a awm.
• Tun hma pawhin hnute cancer a lo vei tawh bawk.
• Hnute nena inzawm natna dang `atypical ductal hyperplasia` neih te.
• Menstrual cycle hi a tlangpui aia hmain a intan thin.
• Menopause hi kum pangngai aia tlai zawkah a awm thin.
• Hormone thlak danglamna therapy ei.
• Ni khatah zu pakhat aia tam in.
• Lymphoma (lymphatic system cancer) ang chi natna thenkhat radiation therapy hmanga enkawl tawh.

HER2-positive hnute cancer hian eng harsatna nge a thlen?

HER2-Positive breast cancer hi taksa hmun dangah a darh thei a, a nih loh leh ‘metastasize’ a ni thei bawk. Hetiang hnute cancer vei zinga a chanve velah chuan cancer hi an hriat chhuah meuh chuan taksa peng dang, a bik takin thluak lamah a darh tawh a ni. Hnute cancer thluaka darh tawh (‘metastatic breast cancer to your brain’) chuan nunna a tichhe thei a ni. Chuvangin a hmaa hriatchhuah leh enkawl vat a pawimawh hle.

Engtin nge HER2-positive hnute cancer hi an hriat theih?

Doctor-te chuan hnute cancer zawng zawng hriatchhuah nan hnute biopsy an hmang ber a ni. Hei hian hnute hmun rinhlelh awm tak atanga tissue te tak te lak a, microscope hmanga enfiah a huam a ni.

Breast biopsy-ah cancer a awm tih a chiang a nih chuan medical pathologist (natna hriat chian thiam doctor) chuan special test a nei ang a, breast tissue cell-ah hian HER2 protein a awm em tih a enfiah ang. Hei hi test chi hnih a awm a, chungte chu:

1. Immunohistochemistry (IHC): He test hmang hian pathologist ten hnute cancer cell-a HER2 protein awm chu an zawng thei a ni. He test hian cancer cell-a HER2 protein level enfiah nan special dye (immunostaining) a hmang a.

2. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH): He FISH test hi IHC test result finfiah nan an hmang \hin. He test hian HER2 gene extra copy a awm leh awm loh a hriat theih a ni.

Heng test an neih zawh hian doctor-te chuan cancer hi an classified belh leh thin. `Scoreing system` an hmang thin. Hei hian hnute tissue sample-a HER2 protein level sang zia a en a, chubakah cancer cell engzat nge awm tih a en bawk. Hetiang hian han ngaihtuah teh:

• Test-naah HER2 protein level a hniam tih a hriat chuan 0 emaw 1+ emaw anga score a ni ang. Chumi hnuah chuan pathologist chuan HER2 negative a ni a ti ang .
• Cancer cell awmin protein level a hniam chuan score 2+ i hmu thei ang. Tichuan pathologist pawhin a hmaa kan sawi tawh `FISH` test chu a nemnghet ang.
• Cancer cell tam tak a awm a, protein level a sang hle a nih chuan score 3+ i hmu thin. Chutih lai chuan pathologist chuan HER2 positive a ni a ti .

He scoring system hian HER2-positive nge HER2-negative i nih leh nih loh a hril chiang hle.

HER2-positive hnute cancer enkawlna tur engte nge ni?

Hei hi hnute cancer chi `invasive` a nih avangin enkawl dan tur chu thil tam takin a ruat a, chu chu cancer stage leh HER2 dinhmun te hi a ni. A hnuaia enkawlnate hi hman theih a ni:

• Targeted therapy hmanga enkawlna: 1.1.Hei hi HER2-positive cancer enkawlna bik a ni. HER2 protein target tu leh cancer cells that thei damdawi pek a ni. Hemi hnuaiah hian enkawlna chi hrang hrang a awm a:
• Monoclonal antibody therapy: Hengte hian HER2 protein nen an inzawm a, cancer cell te chu an lo thang lian thei lo.
• Tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy: Heng damdawi te hi cancer cell-ah an lut a, cell te thanlenna tura puitu signaling pathways te chu an block thin.
• Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs): Hei hi hmanraw changkang tak a ni. Hetah hian cancer cell zawngtu antibody-ah hian cancer dona damdawi a inzawm a ni. He compound hian cancer cell-ah direct-in a kal a, damdawi chu a chhuah tir a, chu chuan cell hriselte a tichhe tlem zawk a ni.
• Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy hi operation hmaa tumor tihtlem nan (neoadjuvant therapy) emaw, operation hnua cancer cell la awm zawng zawng tihhlum nan emaw (adjuvant therapy) pek thin a ni. A chang chuan chemotherapy hi targeted therapy nen an pe dun thin.

Hei bakah hian cancer stage a zirin `surgery`, `radiation therapy`, `hormone therapy` tih ang chi te pawh tih theih a ni.

Enkawlnate hian eng side effect nge a neih?

Side effects hi enkawl dan azirin a danglam thei. Enkawlna i dawng a nih chuan i doctor nen sawiho la, chu enkawlnain a nghawng dan tur leh i nitin nun a nghawng dan tur chu sawipui rawh. Tin, i doctor hnenah palliative care chungchang zawt bawk ang che . Palliative care hi cancer symptoms leh enkawlna avanga side effects te enkawl dan tur leh enkawl laiin a theih ang anga i hlim theihna tura puitu service a ni. Cancer tidam thei lo tan chauh a ni lo va, enkawl mek tu pawh a pui thei a ni.

Heng enkawlnate hian HER2-positive hnute cancer hi a tidam kim thei ang em?

Doctor-te'n cancer an "tidam" an tih hian kum tam tak chhung chu cancer chu enkawlna nen remission-ah dah a ni tihna a ni mai thei. Remission tih awmzia chu cancer symptoms nei lo leh test-ah cancer hmuh tur a awm lo tihna a ni. Mi pakhat chu HER2-positive breast cancer a vei tih hmuhchhuah a nih a, enkawl a nih a, kum nga chhung dam a nih chuan "dam" anga ngaih a ni.

US National Cancer Institute (NCI) chhinchhiah danin, HER2-positive breast cancer vei hmuhchhuah zinga 90% aia tam chu kum nga hnuah pawh an la dam tawh a ni. An cancer dam tawh anga ngaih theih an ni. Mahse, HER2-positive cancer hi a lo lang leh thei a, taksa peng dangah a darh thei a ni. Chuvang chuan medical check-up-a kal chhunzawm zel a pawimawh.

HER2-positive hnute cancer damchhuah zat hi engzat nge ni?

HER2-positive hnute cancer damchhuah theihna chance pawh hi cancer chu hormone receptor-positive (HR+) emaw hormone receptor-negative (HR-) emaw a nih dan azirin a danglam thei bawk. (Heng hormone receptor te hi cell chunglama hormone nena inzawm thei receptor te an ni. HER2-positive cancer zawng zawng zinga a chanve velin heng receptor te hi an nei vek a ni. NCI hian heng chance te hi cancer stage hrang hrangah a thliar hrang a: local (hnute tan chauh), regional (a hnai ber lymph node thlenga darh), leh distant (taksa hmun hla takah a darh), leh distant (taksa hmun hla takah a darh).

HER2-positive hnute cancer hi ven theih a ni em?

A tam zawkah chuan a ni lo. Hnute cancer vei theihna tihziaawmna tur thil i tih theih awm mahse, HER2-positive hnute cancer hi HER2 gene-a mutation awm vang a ni a, chu chuan cancer cell a siam a ni. Zirchiangtute chuan hetiang thil a thlen chhan hi an la zirchiang mek a, chuvangin HER2-positive cancer venna atana tih theih dan chiang tak chu an la sawi thei lo.

Mahse, a tlangpuiin hnute cancer i vei theihna tur tihtlem nan hengte hi i ti thei ang:

• I hnute hriselna enkawl rawh. Breast self-exam neih fo la, i doctor-in a rawt kum leh interval-ah mammograms ti bawk ang che. I hnute a inthlak danglam chuan fimkhur rawh. Hetiang hian cancer hi a hmaa hriatchhuah theih a ni a, awlsam zawkin enkawl theih a ni bawk.
• I taksa rihna hrisel tak vawng reng rawh. Hei hi i tan a nuam tur weight a ni tur a ni. I taksa rihna hrisel tak neih theih dan tur chu i doctor hnenah thurawn dil rawh.
• Ei leh in hrisel ei rawh. Zirna thenkhatah chuan thlai, thei, calcium tamna bawnghnute leh protein tha lo tamna ei hian hnute cancer hlauhawmna a ti tlem thei tih an hmuchhuak. Sa sen leh sa processed te pawh tihtlem a tha hle.
• Active takin awm rawh. Zirchianna atanga a lan dan chuan taksa tihchak reng hian hnute cancer vei theihna a ti tlem a ni. Ni khata minute 30 chauh kal pawh hi a tha.
• Zu in loh tur. Research atanga a lan dan chuan hnute cancer leh zu hi a inzawm tlat a ni. American Medical Association chuan hmeichhiate chuan ni khata zu in tur vawi khat chauh tihkhawtlai turin a rawt a ni.

Engtin nge ka in enkawl ang?

Breast cancer nena nun tih awmzia chu cancer symptoms te, a enkawlna te leh a enkawlna avanga a side effects te nen nun a ni. Tin, a châng chuan, nakin hun tûr hriat chian lohna rilru pu chungin i nun a ngai mai thei bawk. A châng chuan i rilru a buai a, i lungawi lo thei bawk. Chutianga i inhriat chuan, mahni inenkawlna atân heng rawtnate hi ngaihtuah rawh:

• Chawlh hahdam tawk rawh.Hnute cancer leh enkawl dan hi a hahthlak hle. Hun i neih hunah chauh ni lovin, i duh hun apiangah chawlh hahdam tur a ni tih hre reng ang che.
• Chaw ei tha rawh. Enkawlna hian i ei duhna a ti tlem thei a, mahse thei, thlai, protein tha lo, leh thlai hrisel tamna ei hian enkawl chhungin chak takin a awm thei ang.
• I stress kha enkawl rawh. Cancer hi stressor lian tak a ni. Exercise hian hei hi a pui thei a ni. Kea kal fo leh yoga ang chi exercise programme-a tel hi a tha hle.
• Support dawng rawh. Breast cancer damchhuak i ni a, chu chu i hmuhchhuah ni atanga tan a ni. I doctor hnenah cancer damchhuahna programme chungchang zawt rawh . Chûngte chuan hnute cancer natna neia nun harsatnate hneh tûrin a ṭanpui thei che a ni. Chhungte leh thiante nena inbiakna pawh hi mahni inenkawlna tha tak a ni.

Engtikah nge Doctor ka hmuh ang?

Enkawl lai hian doctor i pan fo a ngai dawn a ni. Mahse, i hnute emaw taksaah emaw inthlak danglamna thar i hmuh chuan i HER2-positive cancer a darh tih chhinchhiahna a ni thei a, i doctor hnenah hrilh nghal rawh. Entirnan, hnute cancer hian lungah a darh tawh a nih chuan, rilru natna, rilru natna fo, thawk harsa, thisen khuh te ang chi symptoms i nei thei.

Engtikah nge emergency room-ah ka kal ang?

I taksain cancer enkawlna a dawn dan chu i beisei aia a chhe zawk a nih chuan emergency room-ah i kal tur a ni. Entirnan, luak chhuak reng avanga tui tlakchhamna nasa tak i neih chuan damdawi inah kal nghal rawh.

Doctor hnenah eng zawhna nge ka zawh ang?

I test-naah HER2-positive hnute cancer i nei tih a hriat chuan i doctor hnenah zawhna i zawt mai thei a, chungte chu:

• Ka HER2 status hi eng nge ni tak tak ? (i.e. ka IHC/FISH score hi engzat nge ni?)
• Ka hormone receptor dinhmun hi eng nge ni ? (HR+ nge HR-?)
• Engtin nge heng HER2 leh hormone receptor status te hian ka prognosis (i.e., natna prognosis leh hmalam hun tur) a nghawng?
• Eng treatment nge ka tan i recommend? Engati nge?
• HER2-positive hnute cancer enkawlna atana clinical trial-a tel hi ka ngaihtuah tur em ni?

Cancer enkawlna kawngah hmasawnna (breakthrough) hi a tlem hle. Chuvangin cancer zirchiangtute chuan zirchiannaah HER2 gene-a mutations a awm avangin cell te chu a tlangpui aia rang zawkin an inthen darh tih an hmuhchhuah khan an phur hle a ni. HER2 gene mutations leh hnute cancer chi hrang hrang, a lo thang chak tak takte inzawmna chu rang takin an hmuchhuak ta a ni. Chuta tang chuan HER2-positive hnute cancer hmasa ber enkawl thei tur enkawlna an siam chhuak ta a ni. Tunah chuan zirchiangtute chuan cancer darh zel tur tikhawtlai thei emaw, titawp thei tur damdawi tha zawk zawn chhuah an tum ber a ni. Clinical trial-ah hian heng thil thar hmuhchhuah te hi a thleng thin. Metastatic (‘metastatic’) HER2-positive breast cancer i neih chuan i doctor nen clinical trial-a tel tur chungchang sawipui rawh. An pui thei che a ni.

A tawp berah chuan take-home message

HER2-positive breast cancer hi cancer chi khat, natna khirh tak, darh chak tak a ni. Mahse, dik tak leh hma taka hmuhchhuah leh enkawlna kawng hmasawn tak tak a awm avangin tunah chuan he natna hi hlawhtling taka control leh tihdam theih a ni ta.

• I taksa, a bik takin i hnute hi ngaihven fo ang che. Thil danglam danglam tak i hmuh chuan ngaihthah suh la, damdawi lam thurawn la nghal rawh.
• I doctor-in a rawt test leh treatment te chu chiang takin zawm rawh. Zawhna emaw, ngaihtuahna emaw i neih chuan i doctor nen inbiakna neih hlau suh.
• Positive taka awm reng a pawimawh hle. Nangmah chauh i ni lo. Chhungte, ṭhiante, doctor leh counseling service-te pawhin an pui thei che a ni.

He thu hi i tan a tangkai ngei kan beisei. Hrisel takin awm rawh!

` Hnute cancer, HER2-Positive, cancer symptoms, cancer enkawl dan, hmeichhe hriselna, genetic mutations, mammogram