He virus hi eng nge ni? I han chhui chiang teh ang!

Vawiin hian kan mit hmuh theih loh, mahse min ti na thei thil kan sawi dawn a ni. ‘Virus’ an tih hi i hre tawh mai thei. Chuti a nih chuan heng virus te hi eng nge ni? Engtin nge kan taksaah an lut a, min tih nat tir? Heng zawng zawng hi awlsam takin, i hriatthiam theih dan tur angin sawi ila.

Virus chu eng nge ni tak tak?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, virus hi hrik te tak te, hmuh theih loh a ni. Tlemte kan tih chuan bacteria aiin a let sangkhat velin a te zawk thei. Ngaihtuah teh, Bacterium pawh hi a te hle a, chuvangin virus hi a va te zawk em!

Heng virus te hi anmahniin an nung thei lo va, an lo piang chhuak thei lo bawk. Rukru ang maiin mi taksa chhungah, chu chu rannung, thing leh mau, keimahni ang mite cell chhungah an luh a ngai a ni. An luh hnuah chauh an hna an thawk tan thei a, anmahni ang virus tam zawk siamin min ti na bawk. Chuvangin virus te hi ‘obligate intracellular parasites’ an ti a, chu chu an nung theih nan cell nung dang an mamawh tak zet tihna a ni. Kan cell-te thunun leh anmahni tana thil siam kawngah an fing hle.

Virus leh bacteria hi eng nge an danglamna?

Tunah chuan, ‘Chuti a nih chuan bacteria pawh hi hrik an ni a, virus pawh hi natna hrik an ni a, eng nge an danglamna?’ tiin i ngaihtuah mai thei. Ni e, chu chu zawhna pawimawh tak a ni. A chhan chu a pahnih i tihbuai chuan a enkawl dan chu a dik lo thei a ni.

A danglamna ber chu bacteria hi thil nung, mahni awmna nei, mahni chauha inthen darh thei leh pung thei an ni. An duh chuan kan taksa pawnah (hmun remchangah) an awm thei. Mahse virus te hian an ti thei lo, cell nung chhungah an awm ngei tur a ni. Virus hi thil nung tak tak a nih leh nih loh pawh hi scientist-te zingah chuan sawiselna a ni a, a chhan chu cell pawn lama nunna nei lo particle ang an nih vang a ni.

Thil pawimawh dang pakhat chu ‘antibiotics’ hmanga bacteria infection kan enkawl hi a ni. Mahse heng antibiotics te hian virus ah nghawng a nei lo. Mi tam tak chuan khawsik emaw, khawsik emaw an neih chuan damdawi dawrah kalin `(antibiotic)' an lei mai mai niin an ngai. Chu chu tihsual lian tak a ni. A chhan chu, viral infection i neih chuan chu `(antibiotic)' chuan engmah a ti lovang, a lehlamah chuan damdawi chu taksaah a lut mai ang a, antibiotic resistance a lo awm mai thei bawk. Chuvangin doctor-in a pek dan hi uluk taka enfiah a, bacteria infection nge viral infection a nih leh nih loh hriat chian hnua kan ei tur a ni.

Engtin nge virus hi kan taksaah a luh? Engtin nge an darh zel?

Awle, tunah chuan he hrik te tak te hi kan taksaa a luh dan leh mi pakhat atanga mi dang a darh dan hi han en ila. Hei hi hriat a pawimawh hle a, a chhan chu chutih hunah chuan kan inveng thei dawn a ni.

• Thâwk chhuah lai: Virus vei miin a khuh emaw, a hrual emaw, a ṭawng ringawt emaw chuan an hmui leh hnar aṭangin hmui tê tê tak tê a chhuak ṭhin. Heng droplet te hian virus hi a pai thei a ni. He boruak hi a bul hnaia mi pakhatin a thawk a nih chuan an thawkna kawngah hri hi a lut thei a ni. Ngaihtuah teh, damlo tu emaw chuan bus emaw, rel emaw a chuan laiin a thawk hah a nih chuan, a bula mi chu a damloh theihna chance a sang hle.
• Direct contact leh surfaces: Virus vei miin an hnar emaw, an hmui emaw a khawih a, chu kut ngeiin kawngkhar khar, dawhkan emaw, mi dang kut emaw a khawih chuan chu virus chu chu surface-ah leh midang kut chungah a lut thei a ni. Tichuan, chu mi dang chuan chu kut hmanga an hmai, hnar emaw, an hmui emaw a khawih chuan, chu hri chu an taksaah a lut thei a ni. Chuvang chuan kut sil tur leh hmai khawih lo turin kan ti fo thin. Virus thenkhat chu lei chung lamah darkar tam tak an dam thei a, a then phei chuan ni tam tak pawh an dam thei bawk.
• Chaw leh tui hmangin: Virus thenkhat chu ei leh in bawlhhlawh hmanga kai theih a ni. Entirnan, Hepatitis A leh Norovirus. Chuvang chuan chaw ei leh ei tur buatsaih hmain kut sil a pawimawh a, tui thianghlim in a, chaw uluk taka chhum a pawimawh.
• Thisen leh taksa tui hmangin: Virus na tak tak thenkhat, HIV, Hepatitis B, leh Hepatitis C te hi hri kai thisen emaw taksa tui dang emaw hmangin a kai theih a ni. Casual contact hmanga darh a ni lo va, invenna tel lo sex hmanga kai theih a ni a, ruihhlo inject nan needle insem a, nu hri kai atanga a fa thlengin a darh thei a ni.

I hmu em, virus darh dan tur kawng tam tak a awm. Chuvangin mimal faina leh boruak thianghlimna pahnih hi a pawimawh hle.

Virus avanga natna tlanglawn tak takte chu engte nge ni?

Virus avanga natna kan neih theih hi chhiar sen loh a awm. Ṭhenkhat chu a tam hle a, ni hnih emaw ni thum emaw chhungin an dam leh ṭhin. Ṭhenkhat chu a na deuh deuh a, enkawl ngai an ni. Viral natna chungchanga hmuh leh hriat lar deuh deuh tlemte han thlir ila.

• Common Cold: Hetiang hi kan nei vek tawh. Hnar luang, kawr na, taksa na deuh pawh a ni mai thei. Virus chi hrang hrang (e.g., Rhinovirus, Coronavirus) avanga lo awm thei a ni.
• Influenza/Flu: Hei hi khawsik pangngai aiin a na zawk deuh. A lan chhuah dan chu khawsik sang, taksa na, hah, khuh te a ni. Influenza virus avanga lo awm a ni. A châng chuan pneumonia ang chi natna khirh zawk a thlen thei bawk.
• Chickenpox: Naupan laia mi tam takin an vei a, taksa pum puiah blister a awm thin. Chu chu hrik pakhat `(Varicella-zoster virus)` tih atanga lo chhuak a ni.
• Measles natna: 1.1.Hei hi virus avanga natna a ni bawk a, chu chuan khawsik leh taksa na a thlen thin. Tunah chuan hemi atana vaccine a awm tawh avangin a vei hi a tlem hle a, mahse a la hlauhawm thei tho.
• Mumps: Viral natna dang, hmui a ti na a. Hemi atan hian vaccine pawh a awm bawk.
• Dengue Fever: Kan ramah hian Dengue natna hi a hluar hle a, a chang chuan nunna atana hlauhawm tak Viral disease a ni. Thosi atanga kai a ni.
• Covid-19: Hei hi virus kan hriat chian em em a, tun hnaiah khawvel pum huap hripui leng a thlen a ni. He hri hi `(SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus)` an tih vang a ni.

Hengte hi entirnan tlemte chauh a ni. Viral natna dang engzat nge awm! Virus chi hrang hrang `(Rotavirus)`, luak chhuak thei, `(Hepatitis)`, thin tichhe thei, `(Polio virus)` nervous system (tunah chuan Sri Lanka-ah vaccination avanga tihbo tawh) te a awm a. A pawimawh ber chu damdawi lam thurawn zawm hi a ni a, eng natna pawh ni se.

Engtin nge kan taksa hian virus a do?

Virus taksaa a luh chuan kan taksa hi a ding mai mai lo. Kan taksa chhungah hian defense system mak tak mai kan nei a, chu chu ‘immune system’ kan ti a ni. Sipaiin ram pakhat a humhalh ang mai a ni.

Virus a lo thlen chuan he ``immune system'' hi a thawk nghal vek a ni.

• Pakhatnaah chuan heng virus rawn lutte hi sipai ang chi cell bik ‘white blood cells’ an tih te hian an hre thei a ni.
• Tichuan, protein chi khat bik ‘antibodies’ an siam ta a ni. Heng 'antibody' te hi virus nena inmil chiah tura siam a ni a, virus deactivate leh tihchhiat nan a pui a ni. Lock-a chabi fit ang maiin han ngaihtuah teh.
• Tin, khawsik kan neih pawh hi kan immune system atanga chhanna a ni bawk. Khawsik a lo zual chuan virus thenkhat tan dam khawchhuah leh darh a harsa thin.
• A chang chuan taksa na leh hahna kan hriat te hi kan taksain virus a do vang vek a ni.

Kan taksain virus thenkhat laka antibody a siamte hi kan taksaah hian dam chhungin a awm thei a ni. Chumi awmzia chu chu virus chu a lo let leh chuan kan immune system chuan rang takin a hre thei a, a hneh thei tihna a ni. Chuvang chuan chickenpox ang natna hi a vawi hnihnaah a lo let leh tawh lo. Vaccine pawhin chutiang bawk chu an ti ve bawk. Vaccine hian a tih chu virus chak lo emaw, thi emaw, virus thenkhat emaw min pe a, kan immune system chu a dotu antibody siam turin min zirtir a ni. Tichuan, virus tak tak a lo thlen chuan kan taksa chu a inpeih tawh a ni.

Virus laka inven nan eng nge kan tih theih ang?

I damloh huna damdawi ei ai chuan damloh hmaa inven a tha zawk lo maw? Virus laka kan him theih nan thil awlsam tak tak, mahse pawimawh tak tak kan tih theih tlemte a awm.

• Kut sil fo tur: Hei hi a pawimawh ber a ni.Sahbawn leh tuiin second 20 tal kut sil hi tih danah siam rawh. I kutphah, i kut hnunglam, i kut zungtang inkar, i nail hnuaiah, heng zawng zawng hi. Chaw ei hma te, ei tur buatsaih hma te, inbualna hman zawh te, ran khawih zawh te, thawk hah emaw khuh hnu te, pawn lam atanga in haw hunah te. Sahbawn leh tui a awm loh chuan zu hmanga siam hand sanitizer hman theih a ni bawk.
• I hmui leh hnar khuh rawh: I khuh emaw, i hrual emaw chuan i hmui leh hnar chu handkerchief emaw tissue emaw hmangin khuh tur a ni. I neih loh chuan a tlem berah chuan i elbow chhungah i thawk emaw khuh emaw la. Hei hian mi dangte hnena hrik kai darh theihna a ti tlem ang. Tissue hman tawh chu uluk takin bawlhhlawh bawmah paih rawh.
• I mit, hnar leh hmui khawih tlem rawh: Ni khatah vawi engzat nge hriat lohvin kan hmai kan khawih thin? Hengte hi kan kuta virus awmte kan taksaa lut awlsam ber a ni.
• Vaccine la rawh: Viral natna hlauhawm tam tak laka invenna tha ber chu vaccine lak hi a ni. Natna hrang hrang, measles, mumps, chickenpox, influenza, hepatitis B, polio, leh COVID-19 te tan vaccine a awm a. Sorkar ram pum huapa vaccination program angin i fate chu a hun takah vaccine lak tir rawh. Vaccine thenkhat chu puitling tan pawh a tha hle (e.g., kum tin influenza vaccine pek thin).
• Hriselna lama tih dan tha: 1.1.
• Chaw tha: Thlai, thei tam tak ei leh tui thianghlim in hian kan ``Immune system'' a tichak a ni.
• Mut tawk: Ni khatah darkar 7-8 vel mut tha rawh. Mut tlem hian i taksa hriselna a tichak lo.
• Exercise: Nitin exercise tlem tal tih hi taksa tan a tha.
• Damlote lakah inthiarfihlim rawh: Miin khawsik emaw, khawsik emaw a neih chuan hnaih lutuk suh. I damlo a nih chuan a theih ang angin in lamah awm rawh. Midang hnena natna thehdarh theihna i neih chu tihtlem rawh.
• Environment thianghlim taka vawn: Dengue ang natna laka inven nan, rulhut pian theihna hmun (tui tlakna hmun) te fai taka vawn a pawimawh.

Heng tih dan awlsam tak takte hian nangmah chauh ni lovin, i chhungte leh khawtlang mipui dangte pawh virus lakah a venghim thei tih hre reng ang che.

Engtikah nge damdawi lam thurawn i lak ang?

Khawsik ang chi hi ni rei lo te chhungin in lamah enkawl theih a ni tlangpui a, mahse a chang chuan doctor pan a ngai thin.

• Thâwk harsa i neih chuan: I rilru a khauh ang maia i hriat a, thawk harsa i tih chuan.
• Khawsik sang (e.g., 103°F / 39.4°C aia sang) chu ni engemaw zat a tlahniam lo a nih chuan, emaw, khawsik a lo awm a, rei lo te a tlahniam a, a lo let leh a nih chuan.
• Luak leh riltam a reh loh chuan: Dehydration a awm thei. Kawng vawt, mit pil, zun chhuah tlem ang chi symptom i neih chuan doctor pan nghal rawh.
• Khawsik sang tak leh vun rawng i neih chuan.
• I chau zawk, i mut a, i fimkhur lo zawk tih i hriat chuan.
• Natna dang, zunthlum, thinlung natna, lung natna, emaw kal natna emaw i neih chuan virus infection i neih hunah fimkhur zual a ngai a ni. Symptoms tenau te nei mahse doctor pan a tha.
• Nu naupai i nih a, viral infection symptoms i neih chuan doctor rawn la.
• Naupang tê: Naute thla 3 hnuai lam chu khawsik (100.4°F / 38°C aia sang) a neih chuan, a nih loh leh naupang kum engzat pawha natna danglam tak a awm a, ei leh in leh infiamna nei lo a nih chuan doctor pan nghal tur a ni.

Damdawi dawrah damdawi ei mai ai chuan doctor hnen atanga thurawn lak hi a finthlak zawk. I dinhmun atana i tih tur dik tak hretu an ni.

Virus chungchanga ngaihdan dik lo thenkhat kan nei

Virus chungchang kan sawi hian a chang chuan kan zingah thu dik lo leh ngaihdan dik lo thehdarh kan hmu thin. A then chu han thlir ila.

• Ngaihtuahna dik lo: ‘Khawsik hi khawsik kan tawrh emaw, ruah sur karah a hnim emaw avanga lo awm a ni.’
• Thudik: Khawsik hi virus vang a ni. Khaw lum hian virus thar a siam lo. Amaherawhchu, khawsik lai hian mite chu in chhungah an awm a, an inhnaih hle a, hei vang hian virus darh a awlsam phah hle. Tin, mi thenkhat chu khawsik nasa lutuk vangin immunity a chak lo thei a, chu chuan virus infection an neih theihna a tipung thei bawk. Mahse, khaw vawt hian direct-in virus a siam tih hi a dik lo.
• Ngaihdan dik lo: ‘Eng khawsik emaw, khawsik emaw tan antibiotics ei hi a pawi lo.’
• Thudik: Kan sawi tawh angin `(Antibiotics)` hian bacteria-ah chauh hna a thawk a. `(Antibiotics)` hi Viral infection-ah a tangkai lo. Tul lo taka `(Antibiotics)` hman hian antibiotic resistance chauh a thlen ang a, chutah chuan `(Antibiotic)` pakhat chuan i mamawh tak tak hunah hna a thawk dawn lo.
• Ngaihdan dik lo: 'Vaccine hian natna a thlen / Vaccine hi a hlauhawm hle.'
• Thudik: Damdawi lamah vaccine hi hlawhtlinna ropui tak a ni. Vaccine hi research leh safety procedure khauh ber ber hmanga siam a ni. Vaccine hian side effect tenau tak tak, khawsik tlem leh taksa na ang chi a thlen thei a, mahse chu chuan kan immune system a thawk tihna a ni. Vaccine hmanga ven theih natna hlauhawm tak takte nena khaikhin chuan vaccine hian a himna leh a hlawkna a nasa hle. Vaccine chungchanga ngaihdan dik lo hmanga bum suh.
• Ngaihdan dik lo: ‘Virus taksaah a lut a nih chuan a ti na ngei ang che.’
• Thudik:Hei hi a thleng ngai lo. Kan `(Immune system)` hi a chak a nih chuan a chang chuan virus taksaah a lut a nih pawhin chhinchhiahna awm lovin a thunun thei a ni. Tin, virus lut zat (viral load) a zirin a danglam thei bawk.

Hetiang thil hriatna hian virus kan hmachhawn kawngah nasa takin min pui a ni.

Take-Home Thuchah hnuhnung ber

Awle, vawiin khan virus chungchang kan sawi nasa hle a ni lawm ni? Kan sawi tawh atang hian eng emaw i hriatthiam ka beisei. A tawp berah chuan heng thute hi ngun takin hre reng ang che:

• Virus hi hrik tenau tak tak, hmuh theih loh, dam khawchhuah leh hri kai tur chuan cell nung dang (host cell) mamawh a ni.
• Virus leh bacteria hi thil chi hrang hrang pahnih a ni. Antibiotics hian virus infection a tidam thei lo.
• Virus hi thawk hah leh khuh atanga droplet hmangin, kut bawlhhlawh hmangin, leh hmun bawlhhlawh khawih hmangin a darh ber a ni.
• Virus hi natna tam tak thlentu a ni a, chu chu common cold, influenza, chickenpox, leh dengue te hi a ni.
• Kan immune system hi virus dotu a ni.
• Virus laka inven dan tha ber berte chu:
• Sahbawn hmangin kut sil fo thin ang che.
• Khuh leh thawk hah dawnin i hmui leh hnar khuh thin ang che.
• Vaccine tul tak tak a hun taka lak.
• Hriselna tha (nutritious diet, mut, exercise) neih reng.
• Symptoms a na zual a nih chuan, emaw, risk group-ah i awm a nih chuan doctor thurawn la nghal rawh.

Kan vai hian kan inkhawm a, heng himna awlsam tak takte hi kan zawm chuan virus natna tam tak kan pumpelh thei ang a, kan hrisel thei ang. Ngaihtuah buai suh, awareness hi venhimna tha ber a ni!

` Virus, Natna, Hri kai, Invenna, Invenna, Hriselna