Kan tar deuh deuh hian mit a chhe zel em? Macular Degeneration (AMD) chungchang hi han sawi ila!

Chanchinbu i chhiar lai emaw, mi hmel i en lai emaw, a lai tak tak ni lovin, a sir lam chauh i hmuh theihna hmuna thil mak tak i tawng tawh em? I hmuh line dinglam, window frame ang chi te hi a inzawm khawm leh a hrual ang maiin a lang mai thei em? Hengte hi random thil mai a ni lo. Hengte hi kum 50-60 hnu lama mi tam takin mit natna an neih chhinchhiahna a ni thei. Chu chu vawiina kan sawi tum chu a ni.

A awlsam zawngin, Macular Degeneration hi eng nge ni?

Macular degeneration hi mit hmuhna lairil (central vision) tichhe thei natna a ni a, chu chu hmalam kan thlir dik a kan hmuh dan a ni. Kan tar chhoh zel chuan a thleng fo thin. Chuvangin, kum upa lam nena inzawm macular degeneration emaw ``Age-Related Macular Degeneration'' emaw ``(AMD)'' emaw an ti bawk.

Kan mit hi camera angin han ngaihtuah teh. Mit chhungah, a hnung lamah chuan `retina` an tih hmun a awm a. Chu chu camera `sensor` ang maia hnathawk chu a ni. He `retina` lai takah hian kan thil hmuh chipchiar ber ber leh a lem chiang ber berte man thei hmun te tak te pawimawh tak chu `macula` an ti a. Lehkhabu kan chhiar a, mi kan hre chiang a, car kan khalh a, he hmun `macula` tih hian heng zawng zawngah hian min pui a ni.

Macular degeneration-ah chuan `macula` an tih hmun chu a chhe thin. Tichuan, kan central vision chu a chak lo ta hle mai. Mahse hetiang dinhmunah hian mitdel takin kan kal lo. Peripheral vision a la tha hle. Chumi awmzia chu direct-a kan en chu a hlimthla angin lang mah se, kan chhehvela thil awmte chu a pangngaiin kan hmu thei tihna a ni.

Hetiang dinhmun hian mit pakhat chauh a nghawng thei a, a nih loh leh mit pahnih a nghawng thei bawk. A chang chuan mit pahniha natna nasat dan pawh a inang lo thei bawk.

He natna hi tuin nge vei tam zawk? (Risk factor hrang hrang) 1.1.

A hming ang bawkin tar chakna hi a hlauhawm ber a ni. He risk hi kum 50-60 hnuah a sang chho thin. Mahse chu bakah chuan thil dang engemaw zat a awm bawk.

• Chhungkaw chanchin: I nu, i pa emaw, i unaupa emaw hian he natna hi a lo vei tawh a nih chuan nang pawhin i vei theihna a sang zawk.
• Meizial zuk: Meizial zu thinte hian he natna hi an vei theihna chance a sang zawk hle.
• Thau lutuk: Taksa rihna hrisel neih reng a pawimawh bawk.
• Thisen sang (Hypertension): Thisen sang i neih chuan i mit tan a thunun tha a pawimawh hle.
• Chaw hrisel lo: Tin, saturated fats tamna ei tur, oil, fried foods, fast foods te ei fo pawh a tha lo.
• Mihring var: Zirchianna atanga a lan dan chuan mi var te hian midang aiin he natna hi an vei theihna chance a sang deuh hlek a ni.

Macular degeneration hi chi hnih a awm a, chungte chu:

Hetiang dinhmun hi chi hnih ah then theih a ni a, dry leh wet te an ni.

Natna stage hrang hrangte pawh i zir ve ang u.

Mit vawt (dry eye) hi stage lian pathum a awm a. Symptoms hi a hnu lamah a lang fo thin a, mahse mit doctor chuan heng inthlak danglamna te hi examination neih laiin a hre hmasa thei a ni.

1. Early stage: Macula-ah hian inthlak danglamna a awm tan tawh a, mahse mit hmuhna a nghawng lo.

2. Intermediate stage: Mit a fiah deuh a, wrinkles a lo lang tan thin.

3. Late/Advanced: Central vision a bo vek tawh mai.

He natna lan chhuah dan engte nge ni?

Mi tam tak chuan a tir lamah symptom engmah an nei lo. Heng symptoms te hi natna a nasat zawk hunah chauh a lo lang tan thin. Heng symptoms te hi i nei em tih en rawh.

• Eng tlem laia mit hmuh tlem: In lama êng tlem a awm chuan zanah hmuh theihna a tlahniam.
• Blurred vision: A laiah blurry i ni thei a, a bik takin lehkha chhiar emaw, hmel en emaw hian.
• Rangkachak hriat dan inthlak danglamna: Rangkachak chu a dum zawkin a danglam zawkin a lang thei.
• Straight lines: Hei hi mizia pawimawh tak a ni . Window frame, kawngkhar frame, tile line ang chi thil dinglam chu a hrual leh a inzawm khawm angin a lang a nih chuan ngaihthah suh.
• Mit hmuhna lai takah hmun dum emaw, hmun ruak emaw hmuh: I thil en lai laiah hmun dum emaw, hmun ruak emaw hmuh.

Heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan mit lam doctor pan nghal a pawimawh hle .

Engtin nge doctor hian hei hi a hriat chhuah?

Since macular degeneration hian a tir lamah symptoms a nei lo fo thin a, kum tin i mit enfiah a pawimawh , a bik takin kum 50 chunglam i nih chuan.Hei hian i doctor chuan natna hi a hre hmasa thei a, enkawlna a tan nghal vat thei bawk.

Doctor hnena i kal chuan i retina leh macula te chu a danglamna a awm leh awm loh a enfiah ang. A hnuaia test pakhat emaw, a aia tam emaw a ti thei.

• Amsler grid test: Hei hi grid a ni a, a chungah grid a awm a. A laiah chuan dot lian tak a awm a. Doctor chuan grid en turin a ti ang che a, line eng emaw zat, a chhe emaw, a hring emaw a awm leh awm loh en turin a ti ang che. Hei hian natna hi i vei em tih emaw, a nasat em tih emaw ngaihtuahna a pe thei che a ni. Hei hi in lama i mit hmuh dan enfiah nan i hmang thei bawk.
• Dilated eye exam: Doctor chuan eye drop hmangin i mit a tizau ang a, special lens hmangin i mit chhung a en ang.
• Fluorescein angiography: Kut chhunga vein pakhatah yellow dye inject a ni a, special camera hmangin mit chhunga thisen kalna kawng a kal lai thlalak a la a. Hei hian macula hnuaiah thisen emaw, tui emaw a leak leh awm loh hriat theih nan a pui thei a ni.
• Optical coherence tomography (OCT): Hei hi i mit chhung lam scan ang a ni. A hrehawm lo. Machine lens chhunga i en chuan i mit chhunga retina leh macula cross-section three-dimensional (3D) image chiang tak tak a la a.

Enkawlnate chu engte nge ni?

Enkawlna chu eng chi nge i neihah a innghat.

Dry type tan enkawlna a ni

Dry type tan hian enkawlna bik a awm lo. Mahse, zirchianna lian tak tak ``AREDS`` leh ``AREDS2`` tih te chuan vitamin leh mineral hrang hrang inzawmkhawm bik ei hian natna a zual zel tih a tikhawlo thei tih hmuhchhuah a ni. Heng nutritional supplement-ah hian a tlangpuiin:

• Vitamin C a ni
• Vitamin E a awm a
• Lutein a ni
• Zeaxanthin a awm bawk
• Zinc a ni
• Dar

Hengte hi i ei tur nge i ei tur tih leh eng dose nge i ei tur tih i mit doctor nen inbiakna neihpui tur a ni. Vitamin hi nangmah chauhin ei suh.

Wet Type tan enkawlna tur

Wet type hi a nasat avangin enkawl vat a ngai a ni.

• Anti-VEGF injection: Hei hi enkawlna awmchhun leh hlawk ber a ni. Hei hi mit chhunga thisen kalna kawng thar chak lo tak tak lo thang liantu VEGF an tih protein block tu damdawi a ni. Doctor chuan mit a ti na a , injection chu na lovin a inject a . Heng injection te hian a chang chuan mit hmuhna hloh tawh thenkhat chu a siam tha leh thei a ni.
• Photodynamic therapy (PDT): Hei hi thisen kalna kawng (vein)-ah êng sensitive damdawi inject a, chutah chuan mit chhungah laser beam bik direct-in thisen kalna duh loh siam tharte chu tihchhiat a ni.
• Laser photocoagulation: Energy sang tak nei laser beam hmangin thisen kalna kawngkhar thisen chhuak te chu seal/tihchhiat nan hman a ni. Mahse, `Anti-VEGF` vaccine thar a lo chhuah atang khan heng hmanraw hman hi a tlahniam hle a ni.

Hetiang dinhmun lakah hian engtin nge kan inven theih ang?

Inven kim theih ni lo mah se, a hlauhawmna tihziaawmna tur thil tam tak kan tih theih a awm.

• Meizial i zuk chuan chawlhsan nghal rawh. Hei hi i tih theih tha ber a ni.
• I taksa rihna hrisel tak vawng reng rawh.
• Exercise neih fo thin ang che.
• I thisen sang leh cholesterol level kha control tha la.
• Ei leh in hrisel tak hmang rawh. Thlai, thei leh sangha (a bik takin sangha hriak nei, salmon leh mackerel ang chi) ei tam zawk rawh.
• Pawn chhuah dawnin UV laka invenna tha tak nei sunglass vuah thin ang che.

Central vision hloh hian nitin hnathawhnaah nghawng lian tak a nei thei a ni. Lehkhabu chhiar te, hmel hriat te, motor khalh te hi a harsa thei hle. Hei hian lungngaihna leh lungkhamna a thlen thei a ni. Hetiang hunah hian chhungte hnen atanga tanpuina dil a pawimawh a, a tul chuan damdawi lam thurawn lak a pawimawh bawk.