Heng monoclonal antibodies te hi engte nge ni? - Cancer atanga Covid thlenga enkawl thei damdawi mak tak a ni

‘Monoclonal Antibody’ tih hming hi i hre ngai em? He hming hi cancer enkawlna atan emaw, Covid-19 ang natna enkawlna atan emaw hman i hre tawh mai thei. Thumal mak leh lian deuh ni mahse, a takah chuan hei hi kan damdawi lama inthlak danglamna mak tak siamtu damdawi chi khat a ni. Lungngai suh, hei hi hriatthiam har a ni lo. Vawiinah hian hengte hi eng nge an nih, engtin nge an hnathawh, eng natna atana an hman tih hi han sawi mai ila.

A awlsam zawngin, monoclonal antibodies hi eng nge ni?

Hei hi hrethiam tur chuan kan taksaa kan neih thil pakhat: ‘Antibodies’ tih hi i zir hmasa ang u.

Kan taksa hi ram a ni tih han ngaihtuah teh. Tichuan kan immune system chu chu ram sipai a ni. He sipaiah hian sipai bikte chu ‘Antibodies’ an ti a. Pawn lam atanga hmêlma, chu chu hrik emaw, cancer cell emaw ang chi (damdawi lamah chuan heng antigens kan ti thin) ang chi taksaah a luh chuan heng sipaite hian chu hmelma chu an man a, cell dangte chu tihchhiat turin signal an pe a ni.

Tunah chuan ‘monoclonal antibodies’ hi antibody chi khat bik, laboratory-a kan siam a ni. Hengte hi kan taksaa kan neih antibody copy ang chiah a ni.

• ‘Mono’ tih awmzia chu ‘pakhat’ tihna a ni.
• ‘Clonal’ tih awmzia chu ‘clone’ tihna a ni.

Chu chu antibody pakhat ‘photocopy’ tam tak ang an ni tihna a ni. Hmelma bik (antigen) pakhat chauh bei tura siam an ni. Entirnan, antibodies hi cancer cell chunglama protein bik chauh bei turin siam a ni. Heng damdawi hming hi "mab" (e.g. Trastuzumab, Rituximab) tia tawp i hmu tawh mai thei.

Hengte hian eng ang natna nge an enkawl?

Tunah chuan he technology hi natna chi hrang hrang enkawlna atan hman a ni ta a ni. Kum 1986-a monoclonal antibody damdawi hmasa ber pawm a nih aṭang khan damdawi chi hrang hrang siam chhuah a ni tawh a.

Engtin nge he enkawlna hi pek a nih?

He damdawi hi saline solution angin vein (intravenous - IV) ah pek thin a ni. Hei hi ‘infusion’ an ti bawk. Damdawi in emaw clinic emaw ‘infusion center’-ah ni khat chhung admit i ni mai thei a, darkar engemaw zat chu he enkawlna hi pek i ni mai thei.

• Enkawlna hmasa ber: Hetiang enkawlna i neih hmasak ber a nih chuan i chhungte hnenah lo kal turin i ngen mai thei. Hei hi a chhan chu medical staff te hian a bik takin an ngaihven dawn che a, a enkawl dan tur an hrilhfiah dawn a, allergy i neih leh neih loh an enfiah dawn bawk a ni.
• Subcutaneous injection: A châng chuan, he damdawi hi vun hnuaia injection angin an pe bawk (subcutaneous) . Chutiang a nih chuan i doctor emaw nurse emaw chuan nangmah ngeiin inject dan tur a entir ang che. Hengte hi pum chhungah emaw, kawr chhungah emaw pek thin a ni.

Enkawl dan chi hrang hrang

Heng antibody te hi kawng hrang hrangin an hmang a:

1. Naked Monoclonal Antibodies: Hengte hi stand-alone treatment a ni. Cancer cell ang chi thilte hnenah direct-in an kal a, an inzawm khawm a, an thanlenna a titawp emaw, immune system-in a tihchhiat theih nan signal an pe emaw a ni.

2. Conjugated Monoclonal Antibody te hi a hnuaia mi ang hian a ni.Chungte chu ‘parcel’ ang mai an ni. Chemotherapy damdawi emaw radioactive particle emaw chu antibody-ah hian dahin thawn a ni. Antibody hian cancer cell dik tak chu a hmu a, chutah chuan he ‘parcel’ hi a ‘delive’ a ni. Hei hian cell hrisel tak takte chu a tichhe tlem hle.

3. Bispecific Monoclonal Antibodies: Hengte hian vawi khatah target pahnih an bei thei. Kut pahnih hna pahnih thawk ang mai a ni. Entirnan, kut khata cancer cell a man laiin kut dang chuan immune cell a man a, chu chuan an pahnih chu a thlunzawm a, cancer cell chu a tichhia a ni.

He enkawlna hian eng hlawkna leh hlauhawmna nge a neih?

A thatna te

• Target chu a bik tak a ni: Chemotherapy ang chi traditional treatment te hian cell inthen chak zawng zawng (cancer cell bakah sam leh vun cell hrisel te) a tichhe vek a ni. Mahse hengte hian natna kaihhnawih cell chauh direct-a an beih avangin side effects a tlem hle.
• A hlawk zawk: Hengte hian natna thenkhat, a bik takin cancer tihdamna kawngah an hlawhtling hle.
• Standard inang: Laboratory-a siam a nih avangin damdawi batch tin hi quality inang vek a ni.

Risk a awm thei

Damdawi dang ang bawkin he enkawlna hian hlauhawmna engemaw zat a nei thei a ni. Mahse, lungngai suh, i doctor chuan heng zawng zawng hi a zirtir ang che a, a enkawl tha ang che.

• Infusion Reactions: Hengte hi infusion lai emaw, infusion hnu rei vak lo emawa thil thleng tlangpui an ni. Chungte chu taksa na, khawsik, khawsik, thawk harsa, thawk hah, leh thisen sang inthlak danglam te a ni thei. Hengte hi infusion rate tihhniam hmanga control theih a ni tlangpui.
• Serious reaction (rare): A tlem hle a, mahse serious reaction a awm thei.
• Acute Anaphylaxis: Allergy na tak, a lo awm nghal mai thin.
• Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS): Immune system hi a thawk nasa lutuk thei a, taksa peng hrang hrang a tichhe thei bawk.
• Serum Sickness: Damdawi laka taksa invenna (immune system) in a beihna a ni.

Hetiang thil a lo thlen theih vang a ni a, doctor leh nurse ten an fimkhur em em che a, a bik takin a vawi khatna atana enkawl i nih lai hian.

Doctor biak i duh em?

Ni e, a dik tak zet. He damdawi chungchanga zawhna i neih chuan, emaw, he enkawlna hi i tan a tha em tih hriat i duh chuan i doctor nen zalen takin inbiakna nei rawh. I damdawi lam dinhmun leh hriselna dinhmun a zirin thurawn tha ber ber a pe ang che.