I thinlung hian thisen a hmu tling lo em ni? Myocardial Ischemia chungchang hi han sawi ila!

I rilruah hian a chang chuan mak tak mai, nauseous feeling i nei thin em? Thâwk harsa ang mai a ni a, i rilru a tikhauh ang mai? "Hei hi thil tenawm tak a ni" tih ngaihtuahin i ngaihven vak lo mai thei. Mahse a chang chuan heng symptoms te hi kan thinlunga harsatna a awm vang a ni thei a, a chhan chu thinlung hian thisen a dawng tlem hle a ni. Chutiang chuan tunlai hian thinlung hian thisen a dawng tlem a, chuvangin a mamawh oxygen leh nutrition a tlahniam a, dinhmun kan sawi dawn a ni. Hei hi damdawi lamah chuan `Myocardial Ischemia` an ti a.

He thinlung ruh (`Myocardial Ischemia`)-a thisen pek tlem hi eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin, myocardial ischemia tih awmzia chu heart muscle (heart muscle) hian a hnathawh that theih nan thisen a hmu tlem tihna a ni. Kan thinlung hi pump ang a ni a, taksa pum puiah thisen a pump chhuak reng a ni. Chuvangin thinlung hian a hna thawk tur chuan oxygen leh nutrient tam tak a mamawh a ni. Thinlung hian hengte hi thisen kalna kawng bik a\angin a dawng a, chu chuan thinlungah thisen a pe \hin. Hengte hi coronary arteries kan ti a .

Ngaihtuah teh, heng coronary arteries kal tlanga thisen kal zat hi eng emaw chhan vanga a tlahniam a nih chuan thinlungin oxygen a mamawh zat chu a tawk lo. Pangpar panna tui pipe a inkhar chuan pangpar chu a hring ang ang bawkin. Hetiang thisen tlakchhamna hi a nasat chuan emaw, minute tlemte aia rei a awm chuan thinlung ruh chu a chhe tan thin. Chu chu heart attack (`Myocardial Infarction` emaw `Heart Attack`) kan tih hun a ni.

A pawimawh ber: Heart attack hi medical emergency a ni . I nei tih i rinhlelh chuan, a tha ber chu 1990 call a, ambulance lak nghal mai hi a ni , hun khawhral a, damdawi ina mi pakhatin a hruai che ai chuan. Ambulance-a medical staff-te chuan an thlen veleh first aid mamawh chu an pe ṭan thei a ni.

He natna `Myocardial Ischemia` hian tute nge a tuar ber?

Tunah chuan he heart muscle-a thisen pek tlem lutuk hi tute nge hlauhawm ber tih i en ang u. Mi thenkhat an awm a ni lawm ni? Tlem an chau deuh pawhin an rilru an vuan a, "Aw, ka rilru a na hle mai," an ti thin. Chutiang mite chuan he dinhmun hi an fimkhur hle a ngai a ni. Hetiang dinhmun hi a tlangpuiin:

• Thisen sang nei tan chuan . Chu chu thisen kalna kawng chhunga thisen luang chhuak pressure a sang reng chuan thinlungah harsatna nasa tak a siam tihna a ni. Hun a kal zel a, hei hian thisen kalna kawng a tichhe thei a ni.
• Thisenah cholesterol level sang tak nei tan. He cholesterol hi thisen kalna kawng bangah a awm a, zawi zawiin a ti tawi a ni.
• Zunthlum vei tan (`Diabetes Mellitus`) . Zunthlum hi hmêlma ngawi reng ang a ni a, thinlung thisen kalna kawngte leh taksa pum puia thisen kalna kawngte a tichhe thei a ni.
• Chhungkaw zingah tu pawh, i.e. nu, pa, unau , rilru lam natna (`Cardiovascular Disease`) nei .I neih chuan. A châng chuan heng thilte hi thlah kal zelah a lo thleng thei a, chuvangin i chhungkaw damdawi lam chanchin hriat a pawimawh hle.
• Zuk leh hmuam thil (cigarette, beedis, cigar, etc.) hman tawhna history nei tan chuan zuk leh hmuam hi thinlung hmelma lian ber pakhat a ni. Thisen kalna kawngte chu direct-in a tichhia a ni.

`Myocardial Ischemia` hi engtiang chiahin nge a awm?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, America ang ramah chauh pawh hian kum tin mi maktaduai khat chuang zet chu thinlung natna vangin an thi thin. A chhan ber chu heart muscle-a thisen leh oxygen kal loh vang a ni a, chu chu `Myocardial Ischemia` an ti a ni. Sri Lanka-ah pawh thinlung natna hi a hluar tawh hle.

Engtin nge `Myocardial Ischemia` hian i taksa a nghawng?

He dinhmun hian engtin nge i taksa a nghawng? `Myocardial Ischemia` i neih hian exercise emaw thil hahthlak tak tak tih emaw, a bik takin khaw lum lai chuan a harsa hle thei. Hei hi a chhan chu thinlung hian a thawhrim a ngai a, oxygen a mamawh tam zawk a ni. Mahse thisen supply a that loh avangin a hmu tling lo.

I dinhmun a chhe zauh zauh zel chuan hna tlemte thawh lai pawhin `Myocardial Ischemia` symptoms a awm thei a, in chhunga kal mai mai pawh a ni thei. Hun a kal zel a, stairs pakhata chho pawh hi thil lian tak a ni thei. A tâwpah chuan, i ding mai emaw, i chawlh lai emaw pawhin heng chhinchhiahnate hi a awm thei a ni.

`Myocardial Ischemia` natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni?

Hei hi a lan chhuahna ber leh langsar ber chu rilru natna angina (or angina pectoris) an tih hi a ni. Mahse hei hi mi zawng zawng tan chuan a inang lo. Mi thenkhat tan chuan pum khat ang maiin a lang thei a, a nih loh leh thinlung natna ang maiin a lang thei bawk. Chumi awmzia chu:

• A rilru a buai, a rilru a buai .
• I rilru a rit ang maia inhriatna.
• I rilru chu an hrual ang maiin a lang a, mi pakhatin a hnim ang maiin a lang.
• A rilruah pressure a awm tih hriat.
• Natna, natna.
• A rilruah a kang chhuak.
• Ka rilru chu a na hle mai.
• A rilruah a khat tih hriatna, thil pakhat a inkhung ang maia awm.

Angina hi chi hnih a awm a, chungte chu:

• Stable Angina: Hei hi i stress emaw exercise i tih laiin a thleng tlangpui. A tlangpuiin i chawlh emaw, doctor-in damdawi a pek (e.g., nitroglycerin) i ei hian a bo nghal vat thin.
• Unstable Angina: Hei hi a hlauhawm deuh. Engtik lai pawhin a rawn lang thei a, i ding emaw, i mut emaw lai pawhin a rawn lang thei bawk. Damdawi ei pawhin a bo lo mai thei. Heart attack chhinchhiahna a ni thei.

Hei bakah hian `Myocardial Ischemia` chhinchhiahna dangte chu:

• I taksa chunglam natna emaw, nuam lo emaw, chu chu i kut (a bik takin i kut veilam), i ke veilam, i hnungzang, i kawng, i hmui emaw, i pum chunglam emaw tihna a ni.
• Thâwk harsa, thawk hah ang maia inhriatna.
• Thawmhnaw hak, a bik takin "cold sweats."
• Chaw ei tur a hmin lo ang maia chaw ei, emaw, rilru chhunga thil awm ang maia inhriatna (rilru kang ang maia hriat theih).
• Nausea emaw, luak chhuak emaw.
• Dizziness , lu hah, chak lohna leh lungkhamna.
• I thinlung chu a thawk chak emaw, a thawk mumal lo emaw ang maia inhriatna.

Pawimawh tak: Angina natna emaw, heng symptoms zinga pakhat emaw hi minute nga aia rei i neih chuan 1990 call nghal la, damdawi lam thurawn dil theihnghilh suh

A châng chuan, he `ischemia` natna, a nih loh leh heart attack hi a lan chhuahna awm lovin a awm thei a ni. Hei hi `Silent Myocardial Ischemia` an ti a. Zunthlum vei zingah a tam zawk viau nachungin, thinlung natna nei apiangah a thleng thei a ni.

`Myocardial Ischemia` awm chhante chu engte nge ni?

Vawi tam tak chu mi pakhat hian he `Myocardial Ischemia` natna hi chhan pakhat aia tam a nei thei a ni. A chhan ber chu:

• Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) natna a ni. Hei hi a chhan ber leh a tam ber a ni. Kan thinlunga thisen pe chhuaktu coronary arteries-ah hian thau (Plaque) leh cholesterol a pungkhawm a, thisen kalna kawngte chu a zim zauh zauh thin. Tui pipe hluiah rust a lo awm ang mai a ni. Tichuan, thinlungin oxygen tamna thisen a mamawh chu a luang tha thei lo va, thinlung ruh hian oxygen a dawng tlem hle bawk. Hei hi Ischemia leh angina thlentu a ni. He thau deposit Atherosclerotic Plaque an tih hian heart attack thihna thlentu 70% a thlen a ni.
• Thisen chhuak (`Blood Clot`) a ni. Coronary arteries zim tawha thau (`Plaque`) awm khawm chu a chhe nghal a nih chuan chutah chuan thisen zam a lo awm thei a ni. He thisen zam hi coronary artery zim tawhah a tlakbuak chuan thisen kal chu a titawp vek thei a ni. Hei hi `Thrombosis` an ti bawk. Hei hi heart attack thlentu ber a ni.
• Coronary Artery Spasm a awm thin. Hei hi coronary arteries te chu rang tak leh nasa taka inkharkhip a nih chuan a ni. Hei hian thinlunga thisen kal chu hun eng emaw chen a tihtlem emaw, a titawp emaw a ni. Hei hi zu in emaw, cocaine ang chi ruihhlo hmang emaw te chungah a thleng thei a ni.
• Cocaine hman dan: Cocaine hi thinlung tan a pawi hle.
• Coronary Artery tihfai a ni. Hei hi thil awm lo tak a ni. Chutiang a nih chuan coronary artery wall chu a tear a, chu chuan thisen a luang chhuak a, artery chu a block thei a ni.

He `ischemia` natna hi i thinlungin a hmuh aia tam oxygen leh nutrients a mamawh hunah a lo awm tam ber. Chu chu i taksain thisen a mamawhna a pun zel a, i thinlungin a zui theih loh hunah a ni. I taksain thisen a mamawh tam hun thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Active/exercise i tih lai hian.
• Chaw ei lai (a bik takin chaw rit tak ei lai).
• I phur leh i hlauthawng lai hian.
• Stress i neih lai hian.
• Khaw lum lai a nih chuan.

Engtin nge `Myocardial Ischemia` hi hriat theih?

I natna lan chhuah dan te, chhungkaw damdawi lam chanchin te, leh taksa enfiahna te zawh bakah hian i doctor chuan i natna finfiah nan leh a nasat dan hriatthiam nan heng ang test te hi a ti thei bawk ang:

• Electrocardiogram (EKG emaw ECG): Kan hriat vek angin ECG. Hei hian thinlung electrical activity a teh a, `ischemia` tih natna emaw, heart attack emaw a awm em tih ngaihtuahna a pe thei bawk.
• Echocardiogram: Hei hi thinlung ultrasound scan ang a ni. Thinlung chamber te, valve te, heart muscle hnathawh dan te, thisen a pump dan te a en thei a ni.
• Holter Monitor: Hei hi hmanraw te tak te a ni a, ni khat emaw ni hnih emaw chhung chu i taksaah i bun a, i thinlung hnathawh (ECG) chu a record chhunzawm zel a ni. Hei hi a \angkai hle a, a chhan chu a chang chuan symptoms a lo awm a, a kal zel bawk.
• Exercise Stress Test: Hei hi treadmill-a tlan emaw, chak taka kal emaw a ni a, chutih lai chuan i ECG leh thisen sang enfiah a ni. Hei hi i stress laiin i thinlung hian thisen a kal tlem em tih hriat nan an ti thin.
• Coronary Angiogram: Hei hi i coronary arteries-ah blockage a awm leh awm loh hriatna tha ber a ni. Hei hian i ke emaw, i kut emaw hmangin tube te tak te i dah a, i thinlunga coronary arteries-ah thread-in, chutah chuan dye (dye chi khat) i inject a, X-ray hmangin thisen kalna kawngte chu engtiang chiahin nge a tawi tih leh khawiah nge a inkhar tih hriat a ngai a ni.
• Chest X-ray: Hei hian thinlung lian leh te leh lung dinhmun te a enfiah thei a ni.
• Thinlung magnetic resonance imaging (`Heart MRI` emaw `Cardiac MRI`): Hei hian thinlung insiam dan leh hnathawh dan chipchiar tak tak a pe thei a ni.

Doctor chuan thisen test a ti thei bawk a, hei hi a enfiah thei ang:

• Thin ruh a chhiat hunah chauh thisenah chhuak protein leh enzyme thenkhat (e.g., Troponin) a awm em tih en turin. Heng level te hi a san chuan heart attack chhinchhiahna a ni.
• Thil dangin ischemia a thlen thei a, entirnan thisen sugar level leh kal hnathawh te.
• Thisen a cholesterol level (cholesterol tha `HDL`, cholesterol tha lo `LDL`, `Triglycerides`) a ni.

`Myocardial Ischemia` hi eng enkawlna nge ni?

Myocardial Ischemia hi damdawi emaw, damdawi lam thil emaw hmanga enkawl theih a ni a, chu chuan i thinlung ruh a thisen kal dan a tichak a ni. Enkawlna i dawn tur chu i harsatna chhan, i dinhmun a nasat dan leh i hriselna zawng zawngah a innghat ang. I doctor chuan i tana enkawlna tha ber tur a sawipui ang che.

Enkawlna tum berte chu:

• Symptoms (a bik takin angina natna) tihziaawmna.
• Heart attack neih theihna tur tihtlem.
• Lung hnathawh that lehna.

Damdawi leh enkawlna hman dan

• Angina natna tihziaawm thuai nan nitroglycerin tablet emaw i lei hnuaiah spray emaw dah la.
• Beta-blockers: Hengte hian heart rate a ti hniam a, thisen sang a ti hniam a, heart-a hnathawh tur a ti tlem bawk.
• Calcium Channel Blockers: Hengte hian coronary arteries te chu tlem a tizau a, thisen kal a ti awlsam hle.
• Aspirin leh antiplatelet damdawi dangte: Entirnan, clopidogrel . Chungte chuan thisen zam (blood clots) siamna a ti tlem a ni.
• Cholesterol tihhniamna damdawi (Statins): Hengte hian thisen a cholesterol tha lo awm zat a tihziaawm bakah thisen kalna kawng chhunga thau awm tur a veng bawk.
• ACE inhibitor emaw ARBs: Hengte hian thisen sang control-naah a pui a, thinlung a venghim bawk.
• Thrombolytics (or clot-busting drugs): Heng damdawi hi heart attack atanga darkar tlemte chhunga pek thin a ni. Thisen zam chu a tithianghlim a, thisen kal dan pangngaia siam lehin hna an thawk a ni.
• Angioplasty leh stent dah: Hei hi coronary angiogram nen a rualin tih theih a ni. Balloon te tak te chu coronary artery blocked chhungah dahin inflated a ni a, a zau zawng chu a zau ta a ni. Chumi hnuah chuan mesh ang chi hmanrua te tak te (stent) chu a hmunah dah a ni a, chu chu a zim tawh chu a zim leh tawh loh nan a ni.
• Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG): Hei hi surgery lian tak a ni. Chu chu thisen kalna kawng thar siam a ni a, chu chu taksa peng dang (e.g., ke, rilru) atanga lak chhuah vein emaw, artificial vein emaw hmanga siam a ni. He surgery hi artery pakhat aia tam a block a nih chuan tih a ni a, a blockage chu a lian lutuk a, angioplasty hmanga enkawl theih a ni lo.

Enkawlna avanga harsatna awm thei

A bik takin Coronary Artery Bypass Graft surgery hnuah a hnuaia harsatna te hi a awm thei a ni:

• Surgery hmuna natna hrik awm.
• Thisen chhuak.
• Hun engemaw chen chu kal hnathawh a tlahniam (Kidney Dysfunction).
• Thai.
• Lung natna a ni.
• Thinlung thawk mumal lo (`Arrhythmia`).

A tlem hle a, heng harsatna thenkhat hi angioplasty emaw stent dah hnuah pawh a awm thei. Mahse, heng enkawlnate hlawkna hian a hlauhawmna aiin a tam zawk daih a ni.

Enkawlna atanga dam leh theih nan eng chen nge a duh?

Coronary artery bypass graft i tih hnuah kar khat atanga kar sawm vel damdawi inah i awm a ngai dawn a ni. Chumi hnuah chuan in lama an haw hnuah a dam kim theih nan kar 6 atanga kar 12 vel a ngai thei a ni.

Angioplasty emaw stent emaw dah hnuah damdawi inah ni khat emaw ni hnih emaw i awm hnuah i haw thei mai thei. Kar khat emaw kar hnih emaw chhungin hna pangngaiah i kir leh thei tur a ni.

Engtin nge `Myocardial Ischemia` hlauhawmna tihziaawm theih ang?

I doctor chuan myocardial ischemia i vei theihna tur tihtlem nan damdawi emaw nunphung thlak danglam emaw a rawt thei ang. Heng thupekte hi uluk taka zawm a pawimawh.

Damdawi hmanga risk tihtlem

• Nitin naute aspirin (a nih loh leh i doctor-in a dose) ei hi heart attack ven nan.
• Beta-blockers te pawh a awm.
• Cholesterol tihhniamna damdawi (`Cholesterol tihhniamna damdawi` - Statins).
• ACE inhibitor te hi a ni.

Nunphung a inthlak danglam thin

Heng nunphung tihdanglam hi a pawimawh hle. Damdawi aiin an chak zawk thei a ni:

• If you have diabetes , enkawlna dik tak la la, i thisen sugar level control rawh.
• Thisen sang i neih chuan enkawl la, i thisen sang control rawh.
• Cholesterol sang i neih chuan enkawl la, i cholesterol level control rawh.
• Insawizawi. Ni khatah minute 30 tal exercise tlemte nei la, ni tam zawkah chuan. Kea kal te, cycle khalh te, tui chawi te hi a tha hle.
• Ei leh in hrisel ei rawh. Oil, chi leh sugar tamna ei tur tihtlem la, thei, thlai, legumes, whole grains leh fiber tamna ei tur ei tam rawh. Keini Sri Lanka tan chuan buhfai, thlai tha tak tak, legumes, leh sangha, hriak tlem zawka siam ei hi a tha ber.
• Zuk leh hmuam thil (cigarette, beedis ang chi) i hman chuan i hman tawh loh nghal tur a ni. Hemi chungchangah hian doctor hnenah tanpuina dil rawh.
• I taksa rihna hrisel tak vawng reng rawh. I san zawng nena inmil tur rit neih reng a pawimawh.
• Stress tihziaawm rawh. Meditation, yoga, leh hobby ang chi thil hmangin stress i control thei a ni.

`Myocardial Ischemia` vei chuan eng nge a beisei theih ang?

Unstable angina nei te hi a tlangpuiin thla thum chhungin heart attack an vei theihna a sang hle. Heart attack vei mi tam tak chu darkar tlemte chhungin an thi thin. Chuvang chuan natna lan chhuah veleh damdawi lam thurawn leh emergency treatment zawn chu nunna chhanhimna a ni.

Mahse, mi tam zawk, enkawlna dawng rang leh heart attack hnu ni engemaw zat paltlang thinte chu an dam kim vek thin. Mahse, mi thenkhat chuan heart attack hnuah harsatna an nei thei a ni. Chuvangin damdawi lam thurawn zawm a, nunphung tihdanglam a pawimawh hle.

`Myocardial Ischemia` hi eng chen nge a awm?

`Myocardial Ischemia` avanga Angina natna hi minute 10 aia rei lo a awm tlangpui a, a bik takin `Stable Angina` a nih chuan. `Unstable Angina` hi a daih rei thei a, emergency a ni bawk.

Engtin nge ka in enkawl ang?

Exercise hi i cardiovascular health tihchangtlun nan a pawimawh hle. I heart muscle-ah oxygen tam zawk a pe a, chu chuan symptoms a tidam thei a ni. Doctor-te chuan ni khatah minute 30 atanga minute 60 chhung exercise lak a rawt a, kar khatah ni nga emaw a aia tam emaw exercise lak a tha.

Hrisel taka awm theih dan dangte chu:

• Damdawi doctor-in a pek zawng zawng chu a hun takah ei la, a pek ang chiah chiah. Ni khat pawh lo tlai tawh suh.
• Ei leh in hrisel ei rawh.
• I taksa rihna hrisel tak vawng reng rawh.
• Zuk leh hmuam thil lakah hian inthiarfihlim vek rawh.
• Date ruat saah doctor pan ngei ngei tur a ni.

Engtikah nge Doctor ka hmuh ang?

Damdawi pek i hman chuan i dam lo a nih chuan, emaw, a side effects a nasat chuan doctor pan tur a ni. Angioplasty leh stent emaw, coronary artery bypass graft emaw i tih tawh chuan kum khatna atan thla ruk danah vel i doctor i pan a ngai mai thei. Chumi hnuah chuan hun bi neia follow-up visit neihna tur i kal a ngai dawn a ni.

Engtikah nge emergency room (ER) ah ka kal ang?

• Heart attack i nei nia i hriat chuan (a lan chhuah dan chu i rilru natna nasa tak, thawk hah, thawk hah ang chi) 1990 call nghal la, a theih chuan aspirin tablet (300mg) ei rawh . I coronary artery pakhatah thisen zam i neih chuan aspirin hian a thanna control nan a pui thei a ni.
• Tin, nitroglycerin dose thum (minute nga danah pakhat) i ei hnuah pawh angina natna i la nei a nih chuan emergency room-ah i kal nghal tur a ni.

Doctor hnenah eng zawhna nge ka zawh ang?

Doctor i hmuh hunah hetiang zawhna hi i zawt thei ang:

• Exercise ka tan hnu eng chen nge ka hmu ang che? Eng ang exercise nge ka tan a dik?
• I damdawi min pek kha ka dam chhung zawng ka ei a ngai dawn em ni? He damdawi hian eng side effect nge a neih?
• Ka mimal chuan heart attack ka neih theihna tur risk chu eng nge ni?
• Ka ei leh inah eng inthlak danglamna nge ka siam ang?
• Engtikah nge hna ka thawh leh tan ang?

`Myocardial Ischemia` hi `Angina` nen a inang em?

No. Angina hi Myocardial Ischemia an tih natna lan chhuah dan tlangpui a ni. Myocardial Ischemia hi a chhan (thinlung lama thisen kal loh) a ni a, Angina hi a chhinchhiahna a ni.

`Myocardial Ischemia` hi `Stroke` a ni em?

No. Myocardial Ischemia hi i heart muscle-a thisen kalna a tlahniam tihna a ni. Stroke hi i thluaka thisen pek tlem vang emaw, thluaka thisen kalna kawng a puak vang emaw a ni. An pahnih hian thisen kalna kawng lama harsatna ni mah se, a nghawng taksa peng chu a danglam a ni.

`Myocardial Ischemia` nen hian eng chen nge i dam theih ang?

Thil engemaw zatah a innghat a, entirnan:

• Heart attack i nei dawn nge dawn lo.
• Engtiang chiahin nge i natna hmuhchhuah leh enkawl i nih thuai.
• Nunphung thlak danglam chungchanga doctor thurawn i zawm that dan.
• Myocardial ischemia (a tam zawkah chuan atherosclerosis, zunthlum, thisen sang) thlentu thilte i enkawl that dan.

A tawp berah chuan thil hriat reng tur (Take-Home Message) .

Okay, chuvangin `Myocardial Ischemia` avanga rilru natna hi ngaihtuah tur a ni. Mahse, hlauhthawn a ngai lo. Diagnosis dik tak leh enkawl dan tur dik tak i neih hnuah chuan i rilru a hahdam ang. Doctor thupek zawm te, damdawi a pek te ei te, nunphung tihdanglamna tul tak tak siam te hi i thinlung hriselna tihchangtlunna kawng tha ber a ni.

Tin, ngaihtuah duh lo mah la, heart attack vaukhânna chhinchhiahnate hriat chian a pawimawh hle bawk. Thil engemaw a thlen chuan rang taka hma la tur leh hlauthawng lo tura ruahmanna siam hian nangmah emaw, i hmangaih tak emaw tanpui kawngah kawng thui tak a zawh thei a ni. I thinlung hi i ta a ni, enkawl rawh!

` Myocardial Ischemia, lung natna, angina, rilru natna, thinlung natna, coronary artery natna, thinlung hriselna