Engtin nge i natna chu a kal zel ang? Doctor-te’n ‘prognosis’ an tih chiah hi i zawng chhuak ang u!

Nangmah emaw, i hnaih ber emaw damlo tih i hriat chuan i rilruah zawhna lian tak lo lang leh tur chu "Tunah hian eng nge thleng?" "Hei hi a tha leh dawn em ni?" "Tun hma ang khan ka awm thei dawn em ni?" Chu chu doctor-te’n ‘prognosis’ an sawi lai a ni. Okay, hei hi eng nge a nih i en ang u, a awlsam zawngin.

‘Prognosis’ chu eng nge ni tak tak?

A awlsam zawngin, ‘prognosis’ chu i doctor-in i natna chungchang, chu chu i dinhmun chungchang, damdawi lam hriatna leh tawnhriat hmanga a hrilhlawkna a ni. Weather forecast ang mai a ni. Mahse chu aia buaithlak zawk a ni, a chhan chu mi tin taksa leh natna an chhân lêt dân a inang lo.

Ngaihtuah teh, doctor chuan natna engemaw i nei tih a hrilh che a. Zawhna tam tak i rilruah a lo chhuak nghal a ni lawm ni?

• "Hei hi tihdam theih a ni em?"
• "Ka dam kim thei ang em?"
• "He natna lanchhuahna hi a reh dawn em ni?"
• "Keimah chauhin ka hna ka thawh theihna hmunah ka awm thei dawn em ni?"
• "He enkawlna hi a hlu em?"
• "Engtia rei nge ka dam theih ang?"

Hetiang zawhna atan hian doctor chuan i chunga thil thleng thei ber chu midangte thil tawn a\angin a hrilh thei che a ni. Chu chu ‘prognosis’ a ni. 100% dik taka sawi lawk a ni lo a, mahse tuna information awm mek atanga chhut dan tha ber a ni.

Chuti a nih chuan, engvangin nge he ‘prognosis’ hi hriat a pawimawh?

Chu chu i hriat hian nang leh i enkawltute tan chakna nasa tak a pe a ni. I ṭhatna tûr ngaihtuah chungin thu tlûkna siam tûrin a ṭanpui che a ni. Kan damlo emaw, accident kan tawk emaw hi kan titawp thei reng reng lo. Mahse ‘prognosis’ hriatna hian kan thunun theih loh thilte hmachhawn turin hriatthiamna engemaw chen min pe a ni.

Enkawlna chungchangah thutlukna siam rawh

I prognosis hriat hian enkawlna thlan kawngah a pui thei che a, a nih loh leh i hnawl thei bawk. Enkawl dan tur thutlukna siam hi thil awlsam a ni lo. Ngaihtuah teh, mi tu emaw chuan a dam chhung tlem a ti rei thei a nih chuan, side effect na tak nei enkawlna chu a nei duh mai thei. Mahse, diagnosis inang nei tu emaw chuan chu enkawlna chu a duh lo mai thei. An ngaihtuah mai thei, "Ni engemaw zat chu hrehawm nei lovin nun a tha zawk, nun hlim tak neih a ngai a nih pawhin," an ti mai thei.

Tin, care service thenkhat chu prognosis atanga thlir a ni bawk. Entirnan, i natna lan chhuah dan chu a na zual mai thei tih i hriat chuan palliative care ang chi service i hmu thei a, chu chuan natna thunun thei a, rilru lam hahdamna a pe thei bawk. Ram thenkhatah chuan thla ruk vel dam tura beisei mite tan hospice care ang chi service pek theih a ni. Chutiang hunah chuan prognosis hian i nun tawp lama nuam taka nunpui thei tur resources kawngkhar a hawng a ni.

Nunnaah thutlukna dang siam rawh.

I prognosis hriatthiamna hian i ni tur ruahmanna siam turin a pui thei che a ni. I sum leh pai leh thlarau nun felfai taka siam turin a pui thei che a ni. Tute nge i biak tur tih leh nunah eng thil pawimawh nge i tihhlawhtlin duh tih ngaihtuah turin a pui thei che a ni. Tin, damna famkim siam theihna chance i nei tih hriain nun chungchanga thutlukna lian tak tak siam thuai tura nawrna a tihziaawm thei bawk.

Engtin nge doctor-te hian he ‘prognosis’ hi an hriat chian?

Doctor tam zawk chuan an ‘prognosis’ (plural ‘prognoses’) chu damdawi lam zirchianna leh anmahni tawnhriat atanga an siam a ni. I doctor chuan medical statistics a en mai thei. Zirchiangtute chuan mi tam tak thil tawn an zirchiang a, natnaah hian pattern an zawng thin. Tun hmaa natna pakhat vei tam zawkte chunga thil thleng hriat hi mi pakhat chunga thil thleng thei tur sawi lawk nan a tangkai hle.

Mi pakhat clinical condition, chubakah midang data te chu condition nena inzawmkhawmin doctor-te chuan mimal tinte tana siam ‘prognosis’ an siam thei a ni.

I doctor-in a ngaihtuah theih tur statistics thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Survival rates: Diagnosis engemaw zat nei mi engzat nge hun bituk hnua dam. Entirnan, cancer zirchiangtute chuan kum nga hnuah cancer vei tih hriat chian tawh mi engzat nge dam tih an en thin.
• Complication rates: Hei hian mi engzat nge hriselna lama harsatna dang an neih belh tih tehna a ni a, chu chu natna a kal lai emaw, enkawlna engemaw chen hnuah emaw a ni. Heng thilte hian i prognosis a tidanglam thei a ni.
• Treatment success rates: Hei hian natna pakhat tana result bik (e.g., natna tihdam, natna darh zel tihtlem, symptoms tihtlem) a neih theih nan enkawlna pakhatin a puih theih dan a teh a ni.
• Recurrence rates: Hei hian natna emaw symptom emaw a reh hnua a lo lang leh theihna chance a kawk a ni. Hei hian cancer pakhat chu hun engemaw chen ‘remission’ (cancer chhinchhiahna emaw, symptoms emaw a awm loh) hnua a lo let leh theihna chance a kawk fo thin.

Prognostic factors te chu engte nge ni?

Doctor-te chuan natna nasatzia tichhe thei thil chiang tak takte pawh an en bawk. Chung zinga ṭhenkhat chu cancer tan bik a ni a, mahse tam tak chu natna dang tam takah chuan a awm ve tho.

• Natna chi: Natna chi bik hian prognosis a nghawng a. Entirnan, cancer chi (i.e. taksaa a bul tanna hmun) hian i hmalam hun thlir dan a nghawng a ni.
• Natna zau zawng: Natna hi eng chen nge a darh tawh tih hi hriat chian huna ngaihtuah tur pawimawh tak a ni. Entirnan, cancer thenkhatah chuan cancer stage (i.e. a darh dan) hi cancer hmalam hun tur hriat theihna atana thil pawimawh tak a ni.
• Natna biological leh genetic characteristics: cancer cell-a genetic mutationsCell chi leh a pangngai lo zia hian cancer hi engtiang chiahin nge "aggressive" tih (i.e., a darh theih ang) tih ngaihtuahna a pe thei a ni.
• I hriselna zawng zawng: Hriselna lama harsatna (`comorbidities`) pakhat aia tam neih hian prognosis a tichhe thei fo.
• Damdawi \ha tak tak a awm leh awm loh: Enkawlna \ha tak hmuh theihna hian ‘prognosis’ a ti \ha \hin.
• Enkawlna i dawn dan: A tlangpuiin enkawl hnua i dam leh chuan prognosis a tha hle.
• I activity level: Nitin i active dan te, nitin hna i thawh theih leh theih loh te, i hnathawhna hmun thlen leh inchei te hian i hmalam hun tur chungchangah clues a pe thei a ni.
• Demographic factors: A châng chuan kum, mipa leh hmeichhia, hnam, leh hnam ang chi thilte hi natna pakhat a kal zel dân nêna inzawm theih a ni.

I prognosis atana pawimawh ber berte chu i dinhmun a zirin a danglam ang. I doctor chu i prognosis tihfel hunah eng thil nge an ngaihtuah tih i zawt thei ang.

Prognosis chhiarna hmanrua te

Doctor thenkhat chuan mi pakhat prognosis hriat theihna turin "calculator" bik an hmang thin. Pakhatnaah chuan "prognostic" factors (e.g., kum, hriselna dinhmun, activity level) te chu calculator-ah an dah lut thin. Tichuan, calculator chuan formula hmangin "prognostic" information, dam rei zawng ang chi te chu a chhut chhuak ta a ni. Hengte hi 100% a dik lo nain, mi pakhat prognosis chungchangah general idea a pe thei che a ni.

Doctor-te hian engtin nge ‘prognosis’ chungchang hi an sawi?

A châng chuan doctor-te chuan ‘prognosis’ hi level khatah an sawi ṭhin:

• A tha hle mai (Excellent)
• Tha
• Dik
• Rethei

"Guarded prognosis" tih awmzia chu nakin lawka thil thleng tur chungchanga ngaihdan siam tur chuan information a la awm tawk lo tihna a ni.

Hetiang hian ‘prognosis’ chungchang i hriat chuan a chipchiar zawngin i sawi tan thei ang. Entirnan, 'prognosis' chu "poor" tih i hriat hian, thutlukna harsa tak tak i siam tur chungchang sawi turin rilru lamah a inbuatsaih theih nan a pui che a ni.

Mahse, doctor-te’n ‘prognosis’ chungchanga thu an insem dan kawng khat a awm lo. Entirnan, i doctor chuan i ‘prognosis’ chungchang chu hetiang hian a sawi thei ang:

• As a range: Entirnan, doctor-in i dam rei tur a hrilhfiah chuan damchhuahna statistics leh i ‘prognostic’ factors te chu a ngaihtuah thei ang. He thu a\ang hian kum thum a\anga kum nga vel dam hun i nei tih a sawi mai thei.
• A tha ber leh a chhe ber:Mi thenkhat chuan a tha ber leh a chhe ber atan pawh rilru lama inbuatsaih hi an duh thin. Entirnan, a tha ber chu enkawl hnuah thla ruk vel chu side effects awm lovin i dam dawn a ni. A pawi ber chu enkawlna atanga harsatna lo chhuak hian i dam chhung a ti tawi thin.
• As a most likely outcome: I doctor chuan a chhuahna tur awm thei ber chu a sawi thei ang. Entirnan, a rah chhuah awm thei ber chu enkawl hnuah thla thum vel hun i nei ang a, damdawi hmanga control theih tur side effect thenkhat nen.

A pawimawh ber: I doctor-in eng ang pawhin sawi se, tumahin i hmalam hun an sawi lawk thei lo tih hre reng ang che. Tin, i doctor chuan thu thar a lo awm chuan ‘prognosis’ chu a thlak danglam thei bawk a, chu chu enkawlna i dawn dan ang chi te hi a ni. ‘Prognosis’ hi a danglam thei reng a ni.

‘Prognosis’ hi a dik tak tak em?

A tam zawkah chuan, a ni. Doctor tam zawk chuan i natna hmalam hun tur chungchangah hriatna nei taka sawi lawk thei tur thu rintlak tak tak an nei a. Zirna hrang hrangah chuan ‘prognosis’ dik ber chu data (e.g., ‘prognostic’ calculators) leh i doctor-in a damdawi lam rorelna pahnih inzawmkhawmah a innghat tih a tarlang. A dikna chungchang sawi ila, zirchianna thenkhatah chuan:

• Hun rei tak thlir dan aiin hun rei lote chhunga thlirna dik tak sawi lawk a awlsam zawk.
• I activity level ang chi thil entu ‘Prognostic’ hmanrua te hi i kum emaw, i mipa leh hmeichhia emaw ang chi thil entu hmanrua aiin a dik zawk a rinawm.

Mahse, a dik em tih zawh bakah hian he thu hi a tangkai em tih zawh a ngai bawk. Entîr nân, i doctor chuan thla engemaw zât i dam rei thei tûr enkawlna a rawn rawt thei a ni. Mahse chu enkawlna chuan harsatna a thlen theihna a sang hle a, i thil tum ber chu harsatna awm lovin i ni la awmte nunpui a nih chuan chu thu chu a tangkai vak lo. Doctor chuan i cancer chu tihdam theih loh a ni a ti mai thei. Mahse i ngaihtuah ber chu i fate graduation-a tel thei tur khawpa i dam rei dawn em tih chauh a nih chuan, chu thu chu a tangkai vak lo.

Dik tak chuan i doctor chuan i zawhna zawng zawng a chhang thei lo mai thei. Mahse i ngaihtuahna leh i tana pawimawh thilte a hriat tam poh leh thil sawifiah a awlsam zawk ang.

Engtin nge ka doctor nen ‘prognosis’ chungchang hi ka sawipui ang?

Diagnosis i dawn chuan thiltihtheihna nei lo takin i inhria mai thei. Doctor hian information zawng zawng leh thiltihtheihna zawng zawng a nei vek niin a lang thei. Mahse, ‘prognosis’ chungchang a nih chuan nang pawhin thiltihtheihna i nei ve tho tih hre reng ang che. A nihna takah chuan thu pawimawh ber – i tana pawimawh ber chu i hnenah a awm a ni.

I doctor nen prognosis chungchang in sawiho hunah a hnuaia mi ang hian i ti thei ang:

• I ngaihtuah ber chu eng nge ni tih hrilh rawh:I prognosis chungchangah eng nge i tana pawimawh ber tih hriat nan hun engemaw chen a ngai mai thei. Mi thenkhat tan chuan a dam rei deuh pawh a ni thei. Mi dangte tan chuan tihdanglamna awm lova a theih ang anga nitin hnathawh chhunzawm zel a ni thei. Mi dangte tan chuan natna leh chhinchhiahna dang nei lova nun a ni thei. I ngaihtuahna ber i hriat chian hnuah i doctor hnenah hrilh rawh.
• I ngaithla theih zat hrilh rawh: ‘Prognosis’ tha lo tak tak chipchiar zawng zawng hriat theihna turin rilru lamah hmun tha takah i awm lo mai thei. I doctor hnenah i rilru put hmang hrilh rawh. A chhuah dan tur chu a tlangpuiin sawi i duh zawk a nih chuan chutiang chuan sawi rawh. A chipchiar zawka zawh duh chuan (harsa pawh nise) sawi hlau suh.
• Thu hriat i duh dân hrilh rawh: Mi ṭhenkhat chuan thil ṭha ber leh ṭha lo ber hriat an duh a. Mi dangte chuan thil thleng thei ber chauh an duh a ni. Mi thenkhat chuan doctor-te’n an ‘prognosis’ an hriat theihna tura an hman thin medical statistics hriat an duh thin. Midang chuan chu data chu an hlau hle. I duhzawng, i tuar theih tur chu dil rawh.
• Thil i hriatthiam loh chuan hetiang hian sawi rawh: A chang chuan doctor-te chuan range leh percentage ang chi thil hi mi zawng zawngin an hrethiam vek lo tih an theihnghilh thin. Doctor hnenah zawi zawiin la la, i hriatthiam loh thilte sawifiah turin i ngen hi thil dik lo a ni lo.

‘Prognosis’ leh ‘Diagnosis’ hi eng nge an danglamna?

‘Diagnosis’ chu Doctor-in test a neih hnua i damloh dan a hriat chhuah chu a ni. ‘Prognosis’ chu i ‘diagnosis’ atanga i chhuah beisei a ni. ‘Prognosis’ hian i dam leh theih dan tur leh i dinhmun chu eng ang nge a nih theih ang tih te a en a ni . ‘Diagnosis’ (d) hi (d)hmuchhuah - thil hmuhchhuah angin ngaihtuah la, ‘prognosis’ (p) hi (p)rediction - thil thleng thei tur hrilhlawkna angin ngaihtuah bawk ang che.

‘Prognosis’ leh survival rate hi thil inang a ni em?

‘Prognosis’ leh damchhuah zat hi a inang lo hle a, mahse a inzawm tlat a ni. Doctor-te chuan ‘prognosis’-a thil chiang tak: mi pakhat dam rei theihna tur chu eng chen nge a dam theih ang tih hriat tumin damchhuah zat an en fo thin. Survival rates hi doctor-te’n mi pakhat ‘prognosis’ an hriat theihna tura an hman thin information pawimawh ber pakhat a ni.

A tawp berah chuan thil hriat reng tur (Take-Home Message) .

Diagnosis thar dawng tam tak chuan a hnua thil thleng tur dik tak hriat kan duh a. Vanduaithlak takin medical statistics hi a tha tawk lo a, hmalam hun tur sawi lawk theih a ni lo. Mahse, i prognosis hriat hi a tha ber dawttu a ni. I prognosis hian i enkawlna thlan leh i hun hman dan tur chungchanga thutlukna siamah rinna a pe thei che a ni.

I doctor hnenah i ‘prognosis’ chungchang zawhna zawh pawh hlau suh. Clarification dil hi thil dik lo a ni lo. Tin, i hmalam hun atana i hriselna chungchanga zawhna pawimawh ber berte chu inbiaknaah hian dah la, a tha hle bawk. Hriatna hi thiltihtheihna a ni tih hre reng ang che!

` Prognosis, diagnosis, dam leh beisei dan, damdawi lam thurawn, enkawlna chungchanga thutlukna, nun chungchanga thutlukna, hriselna chungchanga hriat tur