Tin, hriatna lama harsatna i nei bawk em? (Sensorineural Hearing Loss) chungchang hi i zir dawn teh ang!

Mi thusawi hriat harsa i ti ngai em? A nih loh leh, TV-a volume tihsan a ngai tawh em? Beng lama harsatna vang pawh a ni thei. Vawiin hian chutiang dinhmun pakhat kan sawi dawn a, chu chu `(Sensorineural Hearing Loss)` emaw `(SNHL)` emaw a ni. Ngaihtuah buai suh, he thu hi awlsam takin kan sawi dawn a ni.

Sensorineural Hearing Loss hi eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin, `(Sensorineural Hearing Loss)` chu i beng chhung lam (`(inner ear)`) chhiat avanga hriatna lama harsatna a ni. Ngaihtuah teh, kan beng chhungah hian sam cell te tak te (`(hair cells)`) a awm a, chu chuan sound wave te chu a man a, thluak hriatthiam theih tur signal ah a chantir a ni. Chûngte chuan microphone ang maiin hna an thawk a ni. Chuvangin, heng `(hair cells)` te hi a chhiat chuan thawm kan hre tlem zawk.

Hetiang dinhmun hi khawsik thut, lu hliam emaw, bomb puak ang chi thawm ri nasa tak avanga lo awm thei a ni. A châng chuan, he hriatna hloh hi i upat deuh deuh chuan a zual zauh zauh thei. Tin, mi thenkhat chu he natna hi neiin an piang bawk.

SNHL i neih lai hian thu sawi zawi zawiin i hre thei lo mai thei. Thawm ri nasa tak i hriat pawhin chiang takin i hre thei lo mai thei a, i ri pawh a muang lo thei bawk. Thil lungchhiatthlak tak chu heng sam cell chhia te hi an lo piang thar thei lo va , an dam thei lo bawk . Chuvangin, SNHL hi a awm reng fo thin . Mahse lungngai suh, hearing aids puihnain i hriatna nasa takin i tichangtlung thei a, nun pangngaiin i nung thei bawk.

Hei hi chi hrang hrang a awm em?

Ni e, `(Sensorineural Hearing Loss)` chi hrang hrang a awm. Eng nge an nih i en ang u:

• `(Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss)`: Hei hi beng pakhat chauha i hriatna a tihchhiat lai a ni .
• `(Bilateral sensorineural hearing loss)`: Hetah hian beng pahnih ah hriatna a tlahniam .
• Asymmetrical sensorineural hearing loss: Hetiang a nih chuan beng pahnihah hian hriatna a tichhe a, mahse beng pakhat chu a dang aiin a bengchheng zawk .
• `(Sudden sensorineural hearing loss)`: Hei hi damdawi lam emergency a ni . Hei hi hliam emaw, natna emaw, thawm ri nasa tak i tawh hnu darkar 72 chhunga i hriatna i hloh nghal mai thin (Kumthar laia halmawi, silai ri ngaihtuah rawh). Hetiang a nih chuan Doctor i pan nghal tur a ni.

Hetiang dinhmun hi engtiang chiahin nge a awm?

Sensorineural Hearing Loss, a bik takin kum nena inzawm chi hi puitling zingah chuan hriatna lama harsatna hmuh tur awm tam ber pakhat a ni . Kum 50 leh 70 inkar ah a tam ber.

A hmaa kan sawi tawh ang khan ``Sudden sensorineural hearing loss'' condition, ni engemaw zat chhunga hriatna hloh nghal tihna a ni a, kum khatah mi 5,000 zingah mi pakhat atanga paruk vel a awm thin. Chu chu a tlem deuh tihna a ni.

Eng nge a lan chhuah dan?

`(Sensorineural Hearing Loss)` i neih chuan heng symptoms te pawh hi i nei em tih en rawh:

• Aw thuk tak nei mite thusawi chu aw sang taka thusawi ai chuan hriat a awlsam zawkin i hria em?
• Mipui tamna hmun, ri bengchheng tak takah chuan eng nge an sawi tih hriatthiam a har em? Entîr nân, rel-ah emaw, bus-ah emaw, dawrah emaw.
• Midang an sawi hian an muangchang ri i hre em, chiang lo takin?
• I beng chhung atanga ring ri (`(tinnitus)`) lo chhuak i nei em ?
• Mi engemaw zat an inbiak lai hian an inbiakna zawm chu a harsa em?
• I thil hriatte chu a rit lo va, a chiang lo va, a muang lo em ni?

Heng symptoms pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw i neih chuan doctor pan a, thurawn lak a tha ber.

Engvangin nge hetiang hi a lo awm? A chhan engte nge ni?

`(Sensorineural Hearing Loss)` awm chhan ber chu beng chhung lam chhiatna a ni . A bik takin, beng chhungril hmuna ri mantu `(cochlea)` an tih hmuna sam cell te tak te (`(sam cells)`) emaw, thluaka sound signal phurtu nerve (`(vestibulocochlear nerve)`) emaw tihchhiat emaw tihchhiat emaw avanga lo awm a ni.

Mi thenkhat chu he natna neia piang an ni a, chu chu nausen pian laiin oxygen tlakchham vang te pawh a ni. Mi dangte chuan naupan hnuah, natna chi hrang hrang, hliam, thawm ri nasa tak avanga an awm (entir nan, factory-a thawk mi chu machinery ri hian hun rei tak a tawrh thin), a nih loh leh tar pangngai vang mai mai a ni.

Risk factors te chu engte nge ni?

Risk factor chu natna vei theihna tipungtu thil a ni. SNHL lo awm dan tur tichhe thei risk factor engemaw zat a awm a:

• Acoustic neuroma: Hei hi cancer ni lo, beng chhunga lo awm thin a ni. Beng chhungril lamah pressure a siam thei a, hriatna a nghawng thei bawk.
• Kum upa lam: Kan tar chhoh zel chuan beng chhunga sam cell te chu a chak lo zauh zauh thin. Hei hi thil pangngai a ni.
• Ménière natna: Hei hi beng natna rei tak a ni a, vertigo (vertigo) leh tinnitus (beng chhunga ringing) ang chi symptoms a awm thei.
• Damdawi thenkhat (`(Ototoxicity)`): Damdawi thenkhat (entir nan, cancer damdawi thenkhat, antibiotics thenkhat) hian side effect angin beng chhung lam a tichhia thei a.
• Natna thenkhat (`(Systemic conditions)`):Natna thenkhat, zunthlum leh meningitis te hian beng chhung lam thisen kal a tichhe thei a, vestibulocochlear nerve a ti na thei bawk.
• Traumatic brain injury: Lu-a vuak na tak chuan beng chhung lam a tichhe thei a, thisen kal dan a tibuai a, luruh chhunga pressure a tisang thei bawk. Heng zawng zawng hian SNHL a thlen thei a ni.

A châng chuan, doctor-te chuan hei hi a chhan dik tak an hmu thei lo . Chutiang hunah chuan ``idiopathic SNHL'' an ti thin.

Engtin nge hei hi i hriat chian?

Hriatna lama harsatna nei nia i inhriat chuan i tih hmasak ber tur chu Doctor, a bik takin beng, hnar leh kawr lama mithiam (otolaryngologist emaw ENT surgeon emaw) hnenah i hmu hmasa tur a ni.

Doctor chuan i beng vel chu a hre hmasa ang a , a chhung lam a en ang . Tichuan, i beng chhung chu ``otoscope'' an tih, eng hmanrua te tak te hmangin an en ang.Hei hian i beng chhunga thil danglam tak tak, i hriatna tibuaitu chu a hriat theih nan a pui thei a ni.

Chu bâkah, doctor chuan hetiang zawhnate hi a zawt thei bawk che a ni:

• I hriatna hloh chu a thleng thut nge zawi zawiin?
• Zawi zawiin a nih chuan engtikah nge hei hi a lo intan?
• Beng pakhatah hian beng dang aiin i hre tha zawk em?
• Tun hnaiah i damlo em? Lu hliam i nei tawh em?
• I chhungkuaah hian hriatna lama harsatna nei an awm em?

Eng test nge tih thin?

A dawtah chuan i hriatna chu eng ang chiah nge a nih tih hriat theih nan hearing specialist (audiologist) hnenah special hearing test thenkhat i tih tir a ngai ang. Heng test te hian SNHL emaw, hriatna lama harsatna chi dang emaw i neih leh neih loh hriat theih nan a pui thei a ni.

Chutiang test thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Acoustic reflex test: Hei hian i beng lai takah (the stapedial muscle) a taksa peng te tak te chu aw ri nasa tak avanga a inzawm chak dan a test thin.
• Auditory brainstem response: Hei hian i lu-ah electrode te te dahin, aw chi hrang hrang i hmachhawn a, i thluak wave-in a chhan dan tehna a huam a ni.
• Bone conduction test: Hei hian i beng chhungah direct-in aw a thawn lut thin. Hei hian eng ang hriatna lama harsatna nge i neih tih hriat theih nan a pui a ni.
• Otoacoustic emissions (OAEs): Hei hian i beng chhung atanga vibration lo chhuak, ri nena inzawm, a teh a ni. Hei hian beng chhungah blockage a awm em tih emaw, hriatna hloh a awm em tih emaw a hriattir thei.
• `(Pure-tone audiometry)`: Hei hi intensity hrang hrang (`(frequencies)` emaw pitch)-a i hriat theih ri hriat theihna hmun a ni.
• `(Speech audiometry)`: Hei hian thumal i hriatthiam dan leh sawi chu zawi zawiin i sawi nawn leh theih dan a test a ni.
• Tuning fork exam hrang hrangah:Test te chu `Weber’s test` leh `Rinne test` te hi a ni. Hengte hi beng, hnar leh kawr lam mithiam ten an ti thei a ni. Hei hian `sensorineural` emaw `conductive` emaw hriatna hloh (beng pawn lam emaw, beng lai takah emaw harsatna avanga hriatna hloh) i neih leh neih loh hriat nan a pui thei a ni.
• Tympanometry: Hei hian doctor chuan i beng zungte chu aw ri dawnin engtiang chiahin nge a che tha tih a hmu thei a ni.

A châng chuan doctor chuan i cranial nerves a enfiah emaw, imaging test, MRI emaw CT scan emaw a tih a ngai thei bawk.

Enkawlnate chu engte nge ni?

Sensorineural hearing loss hi enkawlna hrang hrang a awm a. I tana enkawl dan tur dik tak chu i dinhmun nasat dan leh a chhan a zirin a innghat ang.

• Hearing aids: Hengte hi speaker te tak te ang an ni. Pawn lam aw an ti chak a, i hriat awlsam phah bawk. Tunah chuan hriatna hmanrua hmasawn tak tak, te tak te leh hmuh theih loh a awm ta.
• Cochlear implants: Hei hi surgically implanted device a ni a, sound signal te chu thluak lam pan nghal theihna tur kawng thar siamin, beng chhung lam chhia chu a paltlang thei a ni. Hei hi hriatna lama harsatna nasa tak nei tan chuan a tangkai hle.
• Damdawi: I SNHL hi beng a inflammation emaw, natna dang emaw avanga lo awm a nih chuan i doctor chuan corticosteroids ang chi damdawi a pe thei ang.
• Bone-anchored hearing aids (BAHA): Hengte hi surgery hmangin luruh ruh chhungah pawh dah a ni bawk. Vibrations hmangin beng chhungril lamah aw an thawn chhuak thin. A bik takin unilateral sensorineural hearing loss nei tan chuan an tangkai thei hle.
• Active surveillance: A chang chuan, a bik takin i SNHL a na lutuk lo a nih chuan, i doctor chuan "watchful waiting" tih a rawt thei. Hei hian enkawlna tel lovin a dinhmun enfiah tihna a ni.

Dam lehna tur chu eng nge ni? (Hmuh dan tur) .

A pum puiin SNHL atanga dam leh theihna chu a chhan bulpui leh hriatna hloh nasat danah a innghat a ni. A tam zawkah chuan SNHL hi a awm reng a ni. Chu chu tihdam kim a harsa tihna a ni.

Mahse, beiseina bansan suh! Hearing aid emaw cochlear implant emaw hmangin i hriatna nasa takin i tichangtlung thei a , chu chuan i chhehvel khawvel atanga inthiarfihlim lovin nun nuam i ti thei a ni.

Sensorineural hearing loss nghal i neih chuan a rang thei ang bera doctor pan a pawimawh . Enkawlna i tan hma chuan result tha tak i neih theihna chance a sang zawk.

Hei hi ven theih a ni em?

Dik tak chuan SNHL hi engtik lai pawhin ven theih a ni lo. Kan thunun theih loh thilte, tar ang chite pawhin a nghawng bawk. Mahse, i risk tihtlem nan thil engemaw zat i tih theih a awm a:

• Damdawi eng emaw i ei a nih chuan i doctor nen an side effects chungchang sawipui rawh . Damdawi thenkhat chu beng tan a pawi thei hle.
• I hriatna enfiah fo la , chutiang chuan harsatna i neih chuan i hre nghal vat thei ang.
• Hmun ri nasa takah i awm chuan earplug emaw earmuff emaw hmang thin ang che. Entîr nân, concert-ah te, in sakna hmunah te, a nih loh leh factory-a hnathawh hunah emaw. Thawm ri nasa tak avanga hriatna hloh hi 100% in ven theih a ni tih hre reng ang che!

Engtikah nge Doctor ka hmuh ang?

Heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan doctor pan ngei ang:

• I luak chhuak (`(vertigo)`) emaw, i balance-a harsatna i neih emaw (`(balance)`) .
• Hmun ri nasa takah emaw, vawi khata mi engemaw zat an inbiak lai emaw, a nih loh leh man harsat a nih chuan.
• I beng chhungah ring ri (`(tinnitus)`) i neih chuan.
• TV emaw radio emaw a volume tihsan i duh fo chuan a hma aia tam i tihsan duh chuan.
• I hriatnaah inthlak danglamna lian tak i hmuh thut chuan .

Doctor hnenah eng zawhna nge i zawh tur?

SNHL i vei tih hmuhchhuah a nih chuan doctor hnenah hetiang zawhna hi zawh a tha ang:

• Ka hriatna hloh chhan chu eng nge ni?
• Ka hriatna chu automatic-a a ṭhat theihna chance a awm em?
• Eng enkawlna kawng nge ka neih?
• Enkawlna atang hian eng ang result nge ka beisei theih ang?
• Eng chen nge ka rawn hmu leh ang che (`(follow-up visits)`)?

Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) nena nun hi a harsa thei hle. I hmangaih ṭhin awte chu a hma angin a chiang tawh lo mai thei. Hemi chungchangah hian lungngaihna, lungkhamna leh hlauhna i neih hi thil pangngai a ni a, a bik takin i hriatna a tha leh dawn em tih i ngaihtuah hian. Mahse, beiseina bansan suh. Hearing aid leh cochlear implant ang chi enkawlna hian hriatna tha zawk leh khawvel nena inzawmna nei reng turin a pui thei che a ni. Nangmah emaw i hmangaih tu emaw hian SNHL an nei thei nia i ngaih chuan doctor pan ngei ngei tur a ni.

I hriat reng tur pawimawh ber berte (Take-Home Message) .

Okay, chuvangin kan sawi tawh thenkhat, i hriat reng tur i hriat nawn tir leh ang u.

• Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SNHL) hi hriatna hloh chi khat a ni a, a awm reng fo a, beng chhunga sam cell nalh tak takte tihchhiat vang a ni.
• Hei hi tar, thawm ri nasa tak, natna thenkhat, hliam leh damdawi thenkhat avanga lo awm thei a ni.
• A lan chhuah dan chu beng ri (tinnitus), tawng hriat harsa, leh boruak ri nasa takah hriat harsa te a ni thei.
• `(Sudden SNHL)` hi emergency condition a ni a, i hriatna a hloh nghal mai thin. Hetiang a nih chuan Doctor i pan nghal tur a ni.
• Hearing aid leh cochlear implant ang chi enkawlna hmangin hriatna a tichangtlung thei a ni.
• Thawm ri nasa tak laka i beng venhim hian SNHL vei theihna a ti tlem thei a ni.

Chuvangin, i hriatna chungchangah rinhlelhna tlemte pawh i neih chuan ngaihthah suh. Damdawi lam thurawn zawng nghal rawh. Chu chu i tih theih ṭha ber a ni.

` Sensorineural hearing loss, SNHL, beng natna, hriatna hmanrua, cochlear implant, tinnitus