I pum na leh thisen chhuak pawh i nei em? Hei hi Ulcerative Colitis (UC) vang pawh a ni thei.

Bathroom-a kal i ngai fo em? I pum chu chemte ang maiin a na em? I ek chhungah thisen tlem i hmu ngai em? Heng thilte hi thil pangngai angin hnawl suh. A chhan chu Ulcerative Colitis (UC) an tih natna lan chhuahna an ni thei a, chu chu ngaihven engemaw zat a ngai a ni. Hlau suh, i ngaihtuah angin a hlauhawm lo. Hemi chungchang hi a awlsam, friendly takin sawi ila, engkim hi chiang takin sawi ila.

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, Ulcerative Colitis (UC) hi eng nge ni?

Ulcerative Colitis (UC) hi dam chhung zawnga natna a ni a, tihdam theih loh mahse uluk taka enkawl theih a ni. Kan intestine lian (colon) leh rectum lining-ah inflammation leh small sores (ulcers) a siam thin. A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, intestine chhung lam chu a inflamed a, a na bawk.

UC hi natna lian pahnih zinga pakhat a ni a, chu chu Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) tih a ni. A dang chu Crohn natna a ni. UC vei chuan a natna lan chhuahna a nei thei a, chu chu luak chhuak fo, pum na, leh ek chhunga thisen chhuak te hi a ni.

He natna awmzia chu a lan chhuah dan inang reng reng a nei lo.

• Flare-ups: Hetih lai hian symptoms a na zawk.
• Remission (period of remission): Hemi hun chhung hian symptoms awm lovin normal takin i nung thei a ni.

Enkawlna tum ber chu flare-up tihtlem leh a theih ang anga remission tih rei a ni.

UC chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?

Doctor-te chuan UC hi i intestine lianah khawiah nge inflammation a awm tih a zirin an classified thin. A tlangpuiin anus, emaw rectum bulah a intan thin. Chumi hnuah chuan intestine lian zawng zawngah a darh thei a ni. Hei hi i hriatthiam theih nan he chart hi i en ang u.

Heng chi hrang hrang bakah hian UC hi a natna lanchhuahna nasat dan azirin mild, moderate, severe tiin an thliar hrang a ni. A na ber, a tlem hle a, nunna atana hlauhawm thei chu fulminant ulcerative colitis . Chutiang hunah chuan damdawi lam pan vat a ngai a ni.

He natna lan chhuah dan engte nge ni?

UC symptoms hi hun kal zelah a pung zauh zauh thei. A tir lamah chuan symptoms na lo tak tak i nei thei. Nakinah chuan natna a zual zel chuan a lan chhuah dan a lang tam zawk thei a ni. Hengte hi a hranin han thlir ila.

Intestines tih lohah hian nghawng dang a awm em?

Awle. UC vei zinga 25% vel ah chuan he inflammation hian intestine bakah taksa peng dang a nghawng thei a ni. Tichuan, a kaihhnawih symptoms pawh a lang thei bawk.

• Joint pain and swelling: Khup leh elbow ang chi ruh te hi a na thei a, a hring thei bawk.
• Mit harsatna: Mit sen, inflammation, leh itching a awm thei.
• Vun lama harsatna: Vunah natna nei, vun, emaw, vun emaw a lo lang thei.

Engvangin nge he natna hi a lo awm? Risk factors te chu engte nge ni?

Dik tak chuan UC awm chhan dik tak hi hriat chhuah a la ni lo. Mahse, zirchiangtute chuan thil engemaw zat inzawmkhawm avanga lo awm niin an ngai.

Ngaihtuahna ber chu hei hi overactive immune system vang a ni . Kan hnam sipai ang maiin han ngaihtuah teh. A hna chu ramdang mi rawn lut, hrik leh virus te laka taksa venhim a ni. Mahse a chang chuan he system hi a kal sual a, kan cell hrisel tak takte pawh a rawn bei tan thin. UC-ah chuan immune system hian colon chhunga cell awmte chu a bei thin. Chu chu he inflammation leh scarring siamtu a ni.

Hetiang dinhmun thlentu risk factor engemaw zat a awm a:

• Kum: He natna hi thalai kum 15-30 inkar, emaw, kum 60 hnu lama kum upa zawkte zingah a awm tam ber.
• Genetics: I chhungkuaa mi tu emaw, i nu, i pa emaw, i unaupa emaw hian UC emaw Crohn’s disease emaw a neih chuan nang pawhin i vei theihna a sang zawk a ni.
• Gut microbiome: Kan gut-ah hian bacteria \angkai maktaduai tam tak a awm a, chubakah bacteria \ha lo, virus leh fungi te pawh a awm bawk. He ecosystem balance inthlak danglamna hian UC a thlen thei tih hmuhchhuah a ni.

UC vang hian eng harsatna dang nge awm thei?

Ulcerative colitis neih hian hriselna lama harsatna dang neih theihna a tipung deuh a, chuvangin damdawi lam enkawlna hnuaia awm reng a pawimawh.

• Anemia: Intestines atanga thisen chhuak chhunzawm zel hian taksaa thisen sen (red blood cells) a ti tlem thei a, chu chuan thisen tlakchhamna a thlen thei a ni.
• Colon cancer: UC vei te hian mipui zawng zawng aiin colon cancer vei an tam zawk. He risk hi UC i neih rei zawng leh i colon hmun engzat nge a nghawng tih ah a innghat a ni. Hemi chungchang hi doctor nen inbiakna neih a pawimawh a, colonoscopy screening neih fo a pawimawh bawk.
• Osteoporosis (Osteoporosis): Hun rei tak chhung taksaa natna leh enkawlna thenkhatah chuan ruh a chak lo a, a chhe awlsam hle.
• Liver harsatna: A tlem berah chuan he inflammation hian liver a nghawng thei bawk a, primary sclerosing cholangitis tih natna a thlen thei a ni.
• Naupangte thanlenna a nghawng dan: Naupangin UC a neih chuan an intestine atanga nutrients tha taka an lakluh theih loh avangin an thanlenna a tlahniam thei a ni.

Emergency thila damdawi lam pan vat ngai

Heng symptoms te hi a lo awm chuan emergency a ni. Damdawi in hnai ber Emergency Department (ETU) ah kal nghal rawh.

• Dehydration: Diarrhea tam lutuk hian dehydration a thlen thei a, chu chuan dehydration a thlen thei a ni. In severe cases , damdawi inah IV fluids (saline) pek theih a ni.
• Intestine lian perforation: Inflammation a nasat chuan intestine lian bang a perforated thei a ni. Hei hi dinhmun hlauhawm tak a ni.
• Thisen chhuah tam lutuk: Thunun theih loh khawpa thisen chhuak a nih chuan thisen pek a ngai mai thei.
• Toxic megacolon: Hei hi harsatna lian tak, a awm lo hle. Chutiang a nih chuan intestine lian tak chu a lo hring chhuak a, hna a thawk tawh lo va, a chhung atang hian taksaah toxins a lut tan ta a ni.
• Thisen zam: UC hian taksa thisen kalna kawng hrang hranga thisen zam (blood clots) a siam theihna a tipung a ni.

He natna hi engtin nge i hriat chhuah?

I natna lan chhuah dan a ngaihthlak hnuah doctor chuan he natna hi finfiah turin test eng emaw zat a ti ang.

• Thisen test: Anemia (thisen tlem) emaw, inflammation chhinchhiahna emaw enfiah thin ang che.
• Stool test: Thluak chhungah thisen, hrik, parasite awm leh awm loh enfiah thin ang che.
• Imaging test: X-ray, CT scan, MRI ang chi test hmang hian intestine dinhmun hriat theih a ni.
• Endoscopic examination: Hei hi UC hriat dan dik ber a ni. Tube te tak te, flexible tak, camera (endoscope) nei chu anus kaltlangin dahin, intestine lian chhung chu screen-ah a lang a. He test hi colonoscopy emaw sigmoidoscopy emaw an ti a . Hetih lai hian colon atang hian tissue te tak te chu enfiah turin lakchhuah a ni. Hei hi biopsy an ti a .

Engtin nge enkawl a nih?

Enkawlna kawngah hian tum lian tak pahnih a awm a. Pakhat chu flare-up laiin symptoms control a, natna chu remission-a hruai luh a ni. A pahnihna chu a rei thei ang bera remission vawn reng hi a ni. Hei hi damdawi leh surgery hmanga tih a ni ber.

Damdawi chi hrang hrang

Damdawi chi hrang hrang a awm a, chu chuan intestine-a inflammation a tihziaawm thei a ni.

• Aminosalicylates: Damdawi chi khat, UC na lo leh na lo tak tan hman tlanglawn tak a ni. Entirnan: sulfasalazine, mesalamine .
• Corticosteroids te hi a hnuaia mi ang hian a ni.Hengte hi anti-inflammatory drugs chak tak an ni. Flare-up na tak a awm laiin hun rei lote chhung chauh pek thin an ni. A chhan chu hun rei tak hman hian side effect a nei tam zawk a ni. Entirnan: prednisone, budesonide .
• Immunosuppressants: Immune system hnathawh tam lutuk control tu damdawi. Entirnan: azathioprine, methotrexate .
• Biologics: Hengte hi therapies thar zawk, targeted therapies an ni a, immune system-a inflammation thlentu hmun bikte chu an target a ni. Entirnan: infliximab (Remicade®), adalimumab (Humira®) .
• JAK inhibitors: Hengte hi damdawi class thar an ni bawk a, inflammation thlentu process block tu an ni. Entirnan: tofacitinib (Xeljanz®) .

Inzai

Damdawi hmanga natna hi tihreh theih a nih loh chuan, a nih loh leh harsatna nasa tak a awm chuan zai a ngai mai thei. UC vei zinga 30% vel chuan an dam chhungin operation an mamawh dawn a ni.

Surgery hi chi hnih a awm a. An pahnih hian proctocolectomy , tih procedure an nei a, chu chuan intestine lian leh rectum tawp ber chu lakchhuah a ni.

1. Proctocolectomy leh ileal pouch: Hei hi surgery neih tam ber a ni. Hetiang tih danah hian intestine lian tak chu lakchhuah a ni a, small intestine thenkhat atang hian pouch siam a ni a, chu chu anus nen an inzawm tir a ni. Dam hnuah chuan riltam pangngai i nei thei tawh ang.

2. Proctocolectomy leh ileostomy: Hei hi a chunga surgery tih theih loh hunah tih a ni. Hetiang tih danah hian intestine lian zawng zawng lakchhuah a ni a, pum chhungah hawnna (stoma) siam a ni a, pawn lam atanga bawlhhlawh lakkhawmna tur bag an dah a ni.

Natna a zual zel loh nan eng nge tih theih ang?

I triggers te hriatchhuah a, pumpelh hian flare-ups hlauhawmna nasa takin a ti tlem thei a ni.

• Stress enkawl rawh: Mut tam la, exercise la la, ngaihtuahna tibuaitu ang chi thil ti thlamuang rawh.
• Painkiller thenkhat ei loh tur: NSAID (e.g., ibuprofen, diclofenac) hian UC symptoms a ti na zual thei. Khawsik emaw, natna emaw tan chuan paracetamol ang damdawi ei a tha ber. Damdawi eng pawh i ei hmain doctor rawn hmasa phawt ang che.
• UC thlentu ei tur ei loh tur: Mi zawng zawng hian trigger inang an nei vek lo. Mi thenkhat chuan bawnghnute ei hi an sensitivity a, thenkhat erawh chuan high-fiber foods sensitivity an nei thei thung. Eng thilin nge i trigger tih hriat theih dan tha ber chu food diary ziak la, i ei leh in leh i symptoms te ziak la. Tichuan, i doctor nen inbia la, i tana tha tur diet plan siam rawh.