Zan lama kaihthawhtu khuh pawh i nei em? Hmun hla vak lo i kal lai pawhin i chau tih i hria em? I rilruah tightness i nei em, a nih loh leh i thawk chhuah laiin whistling thawm i hre em? Heng thilte hi i chungah a thleng fo a nih chuan asthma symptom a ni thei. Lungngai suh, hei hi mi tam tak tuar thei dinhmun a ni. Vawiin hian Asthma hi eng nge a nih chiah, a symptoms te, eng nge tih tur tih te hi han sawi ila.
Asthma hi eng nge ni tak tak?
A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, asthma hi hun rei tak chhunga kan lungphu tichhe thei a ni. Doctor thenkhat chuan chronic respiratory disease an ti bawk. Ṭhenkhat chuan ‘bronchial asthma’ an ti bawk.
Heta thil thleng hi kan thawkna kawng, lung lama boruak phurtu tube te chu a lo hring a, a hring a, a zim a ni. Tui pipe chu bawlhhlawhin a khuh a, a zim ang bawkin, tui luang chhuak harsa tak a ni. Thlawhna kawng a zim deuh chuan thawk a harsa thin. Chu bakah, heng tube chhungah hian mucus chi thuk, sticky tak a lo awm tan bawk. Heng thil pathumte hi a inzawm khawm chuan asthma symptoms a lang chhuak thin.
Asthma hi natna a ni a, enkawl dan mumal tak chuan tha taka thunun theih a ni a, nun pangngaiin i nung thei bawk. Inenkawlna i hmuh loh chuan damdawi inah leh Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU)-ah i kal fo a ngai dawn a ni.
Asthma natna lan chhuahna berte chu engte nge ni?
Asthma vei zawng zawng hian symptom inang an nei vek lo. Mi thenkhat chuan an nei reng thei a, thenkhat erawh chuan a chang chang chauhin an nei thei bawk. Mahse a lan chhuah dan tlangpui thenkhat a awm.
| Symptom a ni | Hrilhfiahna |
|---|---|
| Khuh | Dry cough, a bik takin zan leh zing thawh veleh. |
| A rilru a buai hle | Thâwk chhuah laiin whistling sound faint tak hriat. |
| Thâwk a tawi | I thawk hah ang maia inhriatna, thawk tur khawpa boruak i hmu lo ang maia inhriatna. |
| Chest tightness emaw a na emaw | Chest tightness, pressure emaw, natna emaw. |
| Mut tibuai thei | Zanah thawk harsa emaw, khuh emaw avanga harh fo thin. |
Asthma Attack tih hi eng nge ni?
Asthma attack chu a natna lan chhuah dan a na zual nghal mai a ni. Heta thil thleng chu eng emaw (trigger) vangin thawkna kawng vel ruhte chu a nghet nghal vek a ni. Hei hi damdawi lam chuan (Bronchospasm) an ti a. Hemi rual hian thawkna kawng chhungah hian swelling leh mucus production a pung bawk. Hei hian thawk a ti harsa hle.
Heng symptoms te hi asthma attack na tak a awm lai pawhin a awm thei bawk:
- Thâwk chhuah leh chhuah huna whistling ri nasa tak.
- Khuh chu tihtawp theih loh.
- Thâwk lak chak tak .
- Thusawi pawh harsa.
- Retractions (kawng leh rilru chhunga ruh te chu chhung lam hawia inher ang maia hriat).
- Blue hmui emaw kut zungtang emaw. Hei hian taksain oxygen a hmu tlem tihna a ni .
- Lungkhamna emaw hlauhna emaw nasa tak nei.
- Hmai chu a rawn sen vek a, a thawmhnaw a chhuak bawk.
Damdawi lam thurawn lak nghal tur
Asthma hi inhaler hmanga control theih a ni tlangpui. Mahse, case ṭhenkhat a awm a, chu chu nunna atana hlauhawm emergency a ni thei . Nangmah emaw i fa emaw hian a hnuaia symptoms te hi i neih chuan hospital emergency department (ETU) hnai ber pan nghal rawh.
| Emergency chhinchhiahna a awm! | |
|---|---|
| Thâwk harsa na tak | Thâwk chhuak thei lo, tawng thei lo leh kal thei lo. |
| Quick-relief inhaler hna thawk lo | I inhaler hman thin i hman hnuah pawh symptoms a tha lo. |
| Vun rawng a danglam | Hmai, hmui, kut zungtang (cyanosis) te chu a dum emaw, a sen emaw a ni. |
| Thâwk rang tak a ni | Thâwk lak dan thunun theih lohna. |
Asthma tizualtu trigger te chu engte nge ni?
Asthma vei te thawkna kawng hi a sensitive hle. Mi pangngai tana harsatna awm lo thilte pawh hian Asthmatic symptoms a tipung thei a ni. Hengte hi ‘triggers’ kan ti thin. Hengte hi fimkhur a pawimawh hle.
- Allergens: Leivut, pollen, pet dander, rulhut, leh mold ang chi thil te.
- Thluak lam natna: Viral infection, khawsik leh flu.
- Exercise: Mi thenkhat chuan exercise an tih hian asthma symptoms an nei thin.
- Khua a inthlak danglam: boruak lum lutuk emaw, boruak vawt emaw, khaw lum inthlak danglam nghal.
- Hriak rimtui leh meikhu: zuk leh hmuam meikhu (passive smoking pawh), rimtui, tihfai chemical, boruak bawlhhlawh.
- Damdawi thenkhat: Natna tidamtu thenkhat aspirin ang chi.
- Chaw: Mi thenkhat chuan preservatives (sulfites) (e.g. dried fruits, pickles) awmna ei tur an allergy an nei thei.
- Emotion chak tak: Hlim lutuk te, lungngaihna te, hlauhna te, stress lutuk te hian thawk dan a tidanglam thei a, asthma a ti na zual thei bawk.
- Gastritis (GERD): Mi thenkhatte pawhin an rilruah acid a lo lut thin avangin an natna hi a na zual thin.
Engtin nge Asthma hi hriat chhuah a nih?
Asthma i vei nia i rinhlelh chuan chhungkaw doctor pan rawh. I natna lan chhuah dan a zawt ang a, a enfiah ang che. A tul chuan lung specialist (pulmonologist) hnenah an refer thei che a ni.
Asthma natna hriat chian nan test lian tak tak eng emaw zat a awm a:
- Spirometry: Hei hi thawk test awlsam tak a ni. Device pakhatah nasa taka puak turin an ti che a ni. I lung atanga boruak i chhuah chak dan leh i chhuah theih zat a teh a ni.
- Peak Flow Meter: Hei hi hmanraw te tak te, in lama hman theih a ni. I thawk chak dan pawh a teh thei bawk. Hei hian i asthma chu control theih a nih leh nih loh a hriat theih nan a pui thei che a ni.
- Test dang: A chang chuan, chest X-ray leh allergy test ang chi thil te pawh tih theih a ni.
Asthma enkawlna tur engte nge ni?
Asthma hi a dam kim thei lo a, mahse a enkawl dan dik tak chuan i natna lan chhuah dan i thunun thei a, nun pangngaiin i nung thei a ni. I doctor chuan i asthma nasat dan a zirin Asthma Action Plan a siam ang.
Enkawlna hi hmun hnih ah then a ni ber a:
1. Quick-Relief / Chhanchhuahna Damdawi
Hengte hi asthma symptoms a lo awm hunah relief rang tak pe turin an hmang thin. Thlawhna kawng vel ruhte chu rang takin an ti hahdam a, thawk a awlsam phah hle.
- Short-acting beta-agonists: Hengte hi ‘rescue inhaler’ kan tih tlangpui te hi an ni. Entirnan Albuterol/Salbutamol tih hi a ni. Hei hi i hnenah i vawng reng tur a ni.
2. Hun rei tak chhunga Control / Controller Damdawi
Hengte hi nitin hman a ni a, symptom a awm loh lai pawhin. A tum ber chu thawkna kawnga inflammation tihziaawmna leh asthma attack venna a ni.
- Inhaled Corticosteroids: Hengte hi Asthma control nana damdawi chi hrang hrang pawimawh ber leh hman tlanglawn ber a ni. Thlawhna kawng a hring (swelling) an tihziaawm.
- Long-acting beta-agonists (LABA): Hengte hian thawkna kawng a tizau bawk a, mahse darkar engemaw zat an thawk thung. Inhaled corticosteroids nena inhaler combination angin pek an ni tlangpui.
- Leukotriene modifiers: Heng damdawi hi pill anga ei thin a ni. Tin, thawkna kawng a hring (swelling) control nan an pui bawk. Entirnan: (Montelukast) te chu.
I rescue inhaler i hman reng a ngai a nih chuan i asthma hi a control tha lo tihna a ni. Chutiang hunah chuan doctor hmu la, i enkawl dan tur chu ngaihtuah nawn leh ngei ang che.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Asthma natna hi hlauh tur a ni lo, mahse uluk taka enkawl a ngai a ni. Hun rei tak chhunga awm thei a ni.
- I natna lan chhuah dan te ngaihven la, a bik takin zan lama khuh leh thawk hah.
- I asthma triggers te chu hriatchhuah la, a theih ang anga pumpelh rawh. Leivut, meikhu, leh rimtui tak takte chu pumpelh rawh.
- I doctor controller damdawi chu nitin ei tur a ni a, symptoms i neih loh niah pawh ei thin ang che. Chu chu asthma attack laka invenna tha ber a ni.
- Rescue inhaler chu i bulah dah fo ang che.
- Thâwk harsatna nasa tak emaw, hmui sen emaw ang chi emergency a lo thlen chuan damdawi-in Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU)-ah rei vak lovah kal nghal tur a ni.
- I doctor nen i asthma action plan chungchang sawi la, i hriatthiam chian em em tur a ni.
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