Te rūma whakahaere huna o te roro: Me ako noa tātou mō te Basal Ganglia!

He wāhi whakamiharo tō tātou roro, kāore? He rite ki te rorohiko nui. He rerekē te mahi a ia wāhanga o tēnei roro. I tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō tētahi rōpū wāhanga kei roto i te roro, engari he mahi nui tā rātou. Koinei ngā mea e kiia nei e tātou ko te Basal Ganglia . Kāore pea koe i rongo i tēnei ingoa i mua. Engari kāore he aha, me kōrero noa tātou mō tēnei rā.

He aha te Pūnaha Pūnaha Tuturu?

I te whakarapopototanga, ko ngā ganglia basal he rōpū hanganga motuhake kei waenganui o tō roro e mahi tahi ana. Whakaarohia rātou he rōpū iti i roto i tō roro. Ko te mahi matua o tēnei rōpū he āwhina i te whakawhiti mōhiohio i waenga i ngā wāhanga rerekē o tō roro. He rite rātou ki te piriti, e hono ana i ngā wāhanga rerekē. Ko tētahi o ngā mahi tino nui e mahia ana e rātou ko te whakahaere i ngā tohu e tukuna ana e tō roro hei neke i ō uaua . Ina nekehia tō ringa, ina hikoi, ina kōrero rānei koe, ka āwhina ngā ganglia basal i te rere tika o ngā tohu.

He aha te mea e tupu ana i roto i te Basal Ganglia?

He nui ake te mahi a ngā ganglia basal i tō whakaaro. Ko te nuinga o ngā mea e mōhiotia ana e tātou mō rātou ko te whakahaere i te nekehanga, engari he maha atu anō hoki ngā mea e whai wāhi ana rātou. Kei te rapu tonu ngā tākuta me ngā kaipūtaiao i ā rātou mahi katoa.

1. Te whakahaere i ngā nekehanga o ō tātou tinana

Koinei te mahi matua, te mahi tino mōhiotia hoki o te basal ganglia. Ko ngā basal ganglia tētahi wāhanga nui o te whatunga o ngā pūtau io i roto i te roro e whakahaere ana i ngā nekehanga katoa e mahia ana e koe me te mōhio, arā, ngā nekehanga tūao. Whakaarohia, ina whakaaro koe ki te mahi i tētahi mea, ka tukuna e tō roro he tohu e pā ana ki taua tohu. I a tēnei tohu e haere ana i roto i te basal ganglia, ka tirohia e rātou mēnā he "tika" he "hē" rānei tēnei tohu . He rite ki tētahi kēti.

• Ko ngā tohu e tika ana: Tukua kia haere. Kātahi ka haere taua tohu ki te uaua e tika ana, ā, ka taea e koe te mahi i taua nekehanga.
• Ngā tohu kāore e tika ana, ngā tohu hē rānei: Ka āraia, ka hurihia rānei. Koia te take ina nekehia tētahi uaua, ka waiho ngā uaua tata kāore e hono ana ki a ia kia kore e neke.

Ka whiwhi hoki ngā pūkahukahu matua i ngā mōhiotanga mai i ōu rongo e rima (ngā kanohi, ngā taringa, te ihu, te arero, me te kiri). Ka whakamahia e rātou ēnei mōhiotanga hei āwhina i a koe kia tika ake, kia tika ake hoki ō nekehanga.

2. Te whakatau kaupapa, te ako me ngā tikanga

Haunga te nekehanga, he maha atu anō ngā mahi nui e whai wāhi atu ana ngā pūmua matua.

• Te whakatau kaupapa: Ka āwhina ēnei i a koe ki te tukatuka i ngā mea pēnei ina whakatakoto ana koe i tētahi whāinga, me te whakaaro ki ngā mōrearea e pā ana.
• Ngā kare ā-roto me te hihiri:E pā ana hoki ēnei ki ō kare ā-roto me tō hihiri ki te mahi i tētahi mea.
• Te ako me ngā tikanga: Ina ako koe i tētahi mea hou, ka puta ngā tikanga pai, kino rānei mā te mahi a te Basal Ganglia. He mea nui ēnei ina hanga mahere koe, ina whakatinanahia hoki.

3. Te harikoa me ngā waranga

Nā te mea e hono ana te basal ganglia ki ngā kare ā-roto, ngā hihiri, me ngā whanonga, ka āwhina hoki ēnei ki te whakahaere i te āhua o ō hua ina mahi koe i tetahi mea, me te āhua o tō whakaaro me karo koe i tetahi mea.

Ka noho te tangata hei tangata waranga ki ngā mea pēnei i te momi hikareti me ngā tarukino nā te mea e hono ana te basal ganglia ki te pūnaha utu o te roro. Ko te tikanga he pānga anō hoki ēnei ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te waranga.

Kei hea rawa ēnei i roto i te roro? He aha te mea i hangaia ai rātou?

Ehara te basal ganglia i te hanganga kotahi i roto i te roro. He kohinga o ētahi hanganga kei waenganui o te roro, he hohonu ake. I roto i ēnei, ko ngā mea matua ko te 'Caudate nucleus', 'Globus pallidus', me 'Putamen'. Haunga tēnā, ko ētahi atu wāhanga nui pērā i te 'Subthalamic nucleus' me te 'Substantia nigra' kei roto hoki i tēnei pūnaha. Whakaarohia he '(papa hiko)' i roto i tētahi taputapu hiko. Ka honoa ngā wāhanga rerekē o te basal ganglia tetahi ki tetahi, ā, ka mahi mā te hanga hononga ki ētahi atu wāhanga o te roro. Ko ētahi hononga ka hoatu tohu hei tīmata i tētahi mahi (whakaoho) , ko ētahi atu hononga ka hoatu tohu hei whakamutu i tētahi mahi (aukati) . Ka whakawhitiwhitihia ēnei tohu mā roto i ngā matū motuhake e kiia nei ko ngā neurotransmitters . He aha te rahi? Ko ēnei basal ganglia katoa e noho tahi ana e tata ana ki te 10 henimita kūpiko o te wāhi. He rite te rahi ki te pōro takaro noa . Ahakoa he iti, he nui te mahi a rātou, tika? He aha ngā mea e hangaia ai rātou? Ahakoa te kupu "basal ganglia" e kī ana ko "ganglia," ehara i te mea ko ngā ganglia anake kei roto, engari kei roto hoki ngā karihi. He māmā noa iho:

• Ngā karihi: he tautau pūtau io e mahi ana i te mahi kotahi, e hono ana rānei ki ngā wāhi kotahi o te pūnaha io.
• Ngā Ganglia: He rōpū pūtau io e honoa ana tetahi ki tetahi, ā, e mahi ana i te ara kotahi.

E rua ngā momo pūtau matua o ēnei karihi me ngā ganglia: 1. Ngā Neuron: He pūtau io ēnei. Ka haria e ēnei neuron ngā kōrero me te whakawhiti tohu i roto i te roro me te pūnaha io. Ka taea e rātou te whakamahi i ngā tohu hiko me ngā tohu matū. Ko ngā wāhanga matua o te neuron ko te tinana pūtau, te axon roa rite ki te kakau e haria ana ngā tohu, me ngā dendrite rite ki te peka e whiwhi tohu ana mai i ētahi atu neuron. Ko ētahi axon e karapotia ana e te hipoki tiaki e kiia nei ko te myelin, e tere ake ai ngā tohu. 2. Ngā pūtau glial: He pūtau ēnei e āwhina ana i ngā neuron me te mahi hei tautoko i a rātou. Ahakoa kāore rātou e haria ana ngā tohu pērā i ngā neuron, he mea tino nui ēnei pūtau glial mō te tipu, te tiaki, me te tiaki i ngā neuron. E kiia ana he tekau ngā wā he nui ake ngā pūtau glial i ngā neuron i roto i tō tātou pūnaha io.

He aha ngā mate e pā ana ki ngā ganglia basal?

Heoi anō, he maha ngā āhuatanga hauora ka pā ki tēnei wāhanga nui. Ko ētahi o ēnei:

• Ngā waranga
• Te mate a Alzheimer
• Mate aro- kore nui (ADHD)
• Ngā pukupuku roro (matepukupuku me ngā matepukupuku kore)
• te paihana waro haukini
• Ngā whara o te upoko, inā koa ngā whara roro
• Te horomitanga o ngā konganuku taumaha (hei tauira, te mercury , te mata) me ētahi atu matū paitini (te paihana konganuku taumaha)
• Ngā mate urutā (ina koa ko ngā mate e pā ana ki te roro, pērā i te encephalitis)
• Te mate a Huntington
• Te mate wareware tinana o Lewy
• Te mate urutā maha
• Te mate a Parkinson
• Whiu
• Te mate Tourette
• Te mate a Wilson

Ahakoa te āhua whakamataku o tēnei rārangi, kāore e pāngia te katoa e ēnei mate katoa. He mea nui kia mōhio.

Me pēhea koe e mōhio ai mēnā he raruraru kei roto i ēnei? (Ngā tohu)

Ka rerekē pea ngā tohu i runga i te āhua e pā ana ki te basal ganglia. Hei tauira, he rerekē ngā tohu e kitea ana i te mate a Parkinson i ngā tohu e kitea ana i te paihana waro monoxide. Heoi, ko ētahi o ngā tohu noa ko:

• Ngā raruraru taurite me te taunga nekehanga: Te wiri i te wā e hikoi ana, te kore e taea te whakahaere tika i ngā waewae.
• Te ngoikore o te uaua, te pakari, te kōpeke rānei.
• Ngā wiri.
• Ngā raruraru tirohanga.
• Kōrero pōturi.

Mena kei a koe tētahi, neke atu rānei o ēnei tohu, he mea tino nui kia rapu tohutohu hauora tonu atu .

Me pēhea te tirotiro i te hauora o te basal ganglia?

Mena kei te whakapae te tākuta he raruraru kei te basal ganglia, ka whakahaerehia pea e rātou ētahi whakamātautau hei whakaū. Ko ētahi o ēnei ko:

• Ngā whakamātautau toto: Ka taea e ēnei te kite i ngā mea pēnei i ngā raruraru o te pūnaha ārai mate me ngā paitini (ina koa ko ngā konganuku pēnei i te parahi, te mercury, me te mata).
• Matawai CT `(Tomography rorohiko - Matawai CT)`
• Whakamātautau EEG (electroencephalogram - EEG)
• Whakamātautau EMG (Electromyogram - EMG)
• Whakamātautau ira
• Matawai MRI `(Whakaahua aukume - MRI)`
• Tomography tukunga Positron (matawai PET)

He aha ngā maimoatanga mō ēnei āhuatanga?

He rerekē ngā maimoatanga mō ngā mate e pā ana ki te basal ganglia i runga i te mate. Kāore he maimoatanga kotahi mō ia mate. Ka taea te rongoā i ētahi mate mā te rongoā. Ko ētahi atu mate me mahi pokanga, me ētahi atu maimoatanga motuhake rānei. I ētahi wā, ahakoa kāore e taea te whakaora katoa i te mate, ka taea te whakamahi i te maimoatanga hei whakahaere i ngā tohu me te whakangāwari ake i te oranga.

Me pēhea te pupuri i te hauora o ngā ganglia basal? (Ārai)

Ahakoa kāore e taea e tātou te ārai i ngā mate katoa e pā ana ki te basal ganglia, he maha ngā mea ka taea e tātou te mahi hei ārai i te nuinga o aua mate. Ko te mea nui i konei ko te pupuri i te hauora o te roro me te tinana katoa.

• Kai i tētahi kai taurite: Ka pāngia te roro me te pūnaha io e te korenga o ngā huaora me ngā kohuke. Waihoki, ka pāngia te hauora o tō pūnaha tohanga toto e tō kai. Ko ngā mate pēnei i te whiu ka puta mai i ngā raruraru o te ngākau me te pūnaha tohanga toto.
• Kia kaha te tinana, kia mau tonu te taumaha hauora: Ka taea e tō taumaha me tō taumata mahi te āwhina i te ārai, te whakaroa rānei i ngā mate e pā ana ki te roro, inā koa ngā raruraru tohanga toto pēnei i te toto toto tiketike.
• Mauria ngā taputapu tiaki ina hiahiatia: Ka taea e ngā whara o te mahunga, inā koa ko ngā whara roro me ngā whara roro whara, te kino o te basal ganglia me ētahi atu wāhanga o te roro. I ētahi wā ka kino, ka pumau hoki ēnei whara. Nō reira, he mea nui kia mauria ngā taputapu tiaki pēnei i ngā potae i te mahi, i te wā e tākaro ana, me te wā e eke pahikara ana.
• Whakahaerehia ō mate pūmau: Ka pāngia te roro e ngā mate roa pēnei i te mate huka me te toto toto tiketike. Mā te maimoatanga tika o ēnei mate ka āwhina i te aukati, i te whakaroa rānei i te kino haere o ēnei.

Hei whakamutunga, ngā mea hei maumahara! (Karere hei kawe ki te kāinga)

He wāhanga tino nui, he wāhanga kaha hoki ngā ganglia basal o tō tātou roro. Ka pāngia e te āhua o tā rātou mahi ngā āhuatanga maha o ō tātou oranga o ia rā – mai i te āhua o tā tātou nekehanga, ki te āhua o tā tātou whakatau, ki te āhua o ō tātou kare ā-roto. Kei te ako tonu ngā kaipūtaiao i ngā mea hou mō ēnei hanganga iti, engari he uaua. I te whanaketanga o te rongoā me te hangarau, kei te pai haere tonu tō tātou māramatanga ki a rātou. I te piki haere o tēnei māramatanga, ka taea e ngā tākuta te kimi huarahi hou hei tātaritanga me te rongoā i ngā mate e pā ana ki te ganglia basal.

Nō reira, kaua e wareware ko te tiaki i tō hauora roro whānui ka āwhina anō hoki ki te pupuri i te hauora o ēnei ganglia matua! Ko te noho i tētahi momo oranga hauora te mea pai rawa atu hei mahi.