Ahakoa ka ngaro rawa tō rongo, ka taea e koe te hoki ki te ao oro? - Me ako tātou mō te Auditory Brainstem Implant (ABI).

He uaua ki te whakapuaki i te pouri me te kore āwhina e pā ana ki a koe ina whānau mai he turi tetahi e tata ana ki a koe, ko tāu ake tamaiti pea, nā te mate, nā te aituā rānei i whānau mai ai. Tērā ētahi wā ka whakaaro koe, "Pēnei tonu rānei mō te toenga o tō oranga?" Engari i te whanaketanga o te hangarau, kei reira ngā tikanga o ēnei rā ka taea te whakamārama ahakoa te hunga tino ngoikore te whakarongo. Koinei tētahi o ngā tikanga motuhake e kōrerohia ana e tātou i tēnei rā.

He aha te ABI?

Ko te ABI he whakarāpopototanga mō te 'Auditory Brainstem Implant'. I te reo Sinhala, ko tōna tikanga he 'Auditory Brainstem Implant'. He taputapu motuhake tēnei e āhei ai te hunga e tino ngaro ana te rongo, arā, te wāhanga o te taringa o roto e hopu ana i te oro (te 'cochlea', te anga taringa rānei) te io rānei e kawe ana i aua tohu oro ki te roro (te io whakarongo) ki te rongo i te oro , kāore rānei i te whānau mai.

Whakaarohia te io e kawe ana i te oro mai i tō taringa ki tō roro, he rite ki te piriti. Mēnā ka whati tēnei piriti, kāore e taea e te oro te whiti me te tae atu ki te roro. Koinei te wāhi e uru mai ai te taputapu ABI. Ka karohia te piriti whati (io) ka tukuna tika ngā tohu ki te wāhanga o te roro e whakahaere ana i te whakarongo (te kakau roro). Kāore tēnei e rite ki te whakarongo noa, engari ka hoatu he whai wāhitanga nui ki a koe ki te hono anō ki te ao o te oro.

He aha te āhua o tēnei taputapu? E rua ngā wāhanga?

Ae, e rua ngā wāhanga matua o tēnei taputapu. Ka mauhia tētahi ki waho o te tinana, ā, ka whakatōkia tētahi ki roto i te tinana mā te pokanga.

1. Pūtukatuka: He wāhanga tēnei e mau ana ki runga i te taringa, ki te taha rānei o te māhunga, pērā i te taputapu āwhina whakarongo. Ka whakamahia he hopuoro hei hopu i ngā oro e karapoti ana i a koe. Kātahi ka hurihia aua oro hei tohu hiko ka tukuna ki te pūtukatuka i roto i te tinana. Me tango atu tēnei wāhanga o waho ina moe koe i te pō.

2. Te Whakatō ā-Roto: Koinei te wāhanga e whakatōngia ana ki raro i te kiri mā te pokanga. E rua atu anō ngā wāhanga o roto.

• Kaiwhakawhiwhi-whakaohooho: Ko tēnei wāhanga, e piri ana i raro i te kiri i te taha o te upoko, ka whiwhi tohu mai i waho.
• Hoe hiko: Ka whakanohoia marietia tēnei hoe iti kei te pito o te kaiwhiwhi ki runga i te matatini o te nucleus cochlear i roto i te roro. Ka whakaoho tika tēnei i te roro, ka puta te rongo o te oro.

Mā wai tēnei maimoatanga e tino tika?

Kāore te ABI e pai mō te hunga katoa e ngaro ana te rongo. He mea hanga motuhake mō te hunga tino ngaro te rongo, ā, kāore e taea te whakamahi i tētahi atu āwhina whakarongo, i tētahi atu whakaurunga taringa rānei.

I whakawhanakehia tuatahitia tēnei hangarau mō te hunga whai mate ira onge e kiia nei ko te Neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2). I roto i tēnei mate, ka puta ngā pukupuku (ngā neuromas acoustic) i te taha o te io whakarongo. Ahakoa ka tangohia mā te pokanga, ka taea e ēnei pukupuku te whakararu tuturu i te io whakarongo. Ka taea e tēnei te arahi ki te ngaronga katoa o te rongo i ngā taringa e rua.

Hei tāpiri, ka whai hua te ABI mō ngā pakeke, ngā tamariki, me ngā pēpi me ēnei āhuatanga e whai ake nei:

• Mō te hunga i whānau mai me te ngoikore o te whakarongo (aplasia).
• Mō te hunga kāore anō kia whanake tika te io o te taringa ('hypoplasia').
• Mō te hunga kua ngaro te rongo nā te hapa, te kore whanaketanga oti, te tupu wheua rānei (te whakakorikori o te cochlear) o te wāhanga o roto o te taringa, arā, te cochlea.
• Mō te hunga kua pakaru te io whakarongo nā te whara nui o te angaanga (whati wheua manawa).
• Mō te hunga e tino ngoikore ana te whakarongo, e kore nei e taea te whakaora e tētahi atu maimoatanga.

Ahakoa he tokomaha te hunga e whakaaro ana he 'hapa io', tera pea kei roto i te cochlea (te taringa o roto) te raruraru. Nō reira, i mua i tō whakatau kāore he mea tika mōu te whakauru cochlear, me kōrero koe ki tō tākuta. Māna koe e whakamātautau, e kī atu hoki he aha te mea pai mōu.

He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te ABI me te Cochlear Implant?

Ahakoa he taputapu āwhina whakarongo ēnei e rua, he rerekē rawa te āhua o tā rāua mahi me ngā āhuatanga e whakamahia ai. Ka mārama ngāwari koe ki tēnei mā te titiro ki tēnei ripanga.

He aha ngā mea ka tupu i mua atu, ā, i muri i te pokanga?

I mua i te pokanga

Nā te mea he whakatau nui tēnei, ka tirotirohia koe me tō āhua i mua i te pokanga. Ka uru atu ki tēnei ētahi whakamātautau:

• Ngā whakamātautau whakarongo: Ka inehia tō taumata whakarongo me te whakamahi, me te kore rānei he taputapu whakarongo.
• Aromatawai whakawhitiwhiti kōrero: Ka tirotirohia e te kaiwhakaora kōrero tō whanaketanga reo me tō momo whakawhitiwhiti kōrero.
• Ngā whakamātautau hiko-tinana: Ka whakahaerehia ngā whakamātautau motuhake hei whakatau i te wāhi me te whānuitanga o te ngaronga o te rongo.
• Ngā Matawai: Tērā pea ka tonoa koe kia whai matawai CT me te matawai MRI hei tirotiro i ngā wāhanga o roto o tō taringa, te io whakarongo, me ngā wāhanga e tika ana o tō roro.
• Hītori hauora: Ka pātai atu tō tākuta mō tō hītori hauora katoa me ngā taipitopito mō tō ngaronga o te rongo.

I muri i te pokanga

Me noho koe ki te hōhipera mō ngā rā e rua ki te whā i muri i te pokanga. Mena ka mahia tēnei i te wā kotahi e tangohia ai te pukupuku 'NF2', ka roa ake pea te noho ki te hōhipera.

Engari kia maumahara, kāore te taputapu e mahi tonu i muri i te pokanga. Ka whakahohehia e te tīma hauora te taputapu i roto i te 4 ki te 6 wiki i muri i te pokanga, ina ora pai ngā patunga. Whai muri i tēnā, me haere koe i ia marama mō te tau tuatahi ki te whakarerekē i ngā tautuhinga (hōtaka) o te taputapu kia rite ki a koe.

Kei te pēhea ngā hua? He tūponotanga kei reira?

Ngā hua me ngā painga

Ko te mea tuatahi hei kī, e kore rawa te ABI e whakahoki mai i te rongonga noa. Heoi anō, he nui ngā painga e tukuna ana e ia:

• Te mōhio ki ngā oro: Ka tīmata koe ki te kite i ngā oro i roto i tō taiao (pēnei i te auau a te kurī, te tangi o te waea, te whakatata mai o te motuka).
• Ngā oro wehewehe:Ka taea e koe te wehewehe me te mōhio ki ngā mea pēnei i te reo o te tamaiti me te reo o te pakeke.
• Ka māmā ake te pānui ngutu: Ina titiro koe ki ngā ngutu o te tangata me te oro i a ia e kōrero ana, ka tino piki ake tō kaha ki te mārama ki tā rātou e kōrero ana.

He rerekē rawa ngā hua i ia tangata, i ia tangata. Kua whakaatuhia e ngā tamariki e whiwhi ana i te ABI i te wā taitamariki (i mua i te ngaronga o te rongo mō te wā roa) he pai ake te mārama ki ngā kupu i ngā pakeke.

Ngā tūponotanga me ngā raruraru

Nā te mea he pokanga roro tino uaua tēnei, kei reira anō hoki ngā mōrearea e pā ana ki tētahi pokanga roro. Ina mahia e tētahi tīma hauora mātau, he tino iti te tūponotanga o ngā raruraru. Ko ētahi o ngā raruraru ka taea ko:

• Te turuturu o te wai e karapoti ana i te roro ('Wai Cerebrospinal').
• He hapa te taputapu, he nekehanga rānei o te hiko kua whakatōkia.
• Te mate urutā.
• Ngā mate urutā pērā i te meningitis.
• Te pakaru o te io kanohi ('Facial nerve palsy').
• Te mamae nā te whakaohooho i ētahi atu wāhanga kāore e pā ana ki te whakarongo.

Ka kōrero taipitopitotia ēnei mea katoa e tō tīma hauora ki a koe i mua i te pokanga.