I muri pea i tētahi pokanga nui, i tētahi aituā kino rānei, kua kī atu te tākuta ki a koe, "Me tuku toto ahau." He mea noa te mataku me te manukanuka ina rongo koe i ēnei kupu. "Āe, ka hoatu e au te toto o tētahi atu? He haumaru? Tērā pea he raruraru?" Tērā pea ka puta ake ngā mea pēnei ki te hinengaro. Engari ko te tuku toto he tikanga tino noa, he tikanga haumaru hoki i roto i te rongoā o ēnei rā. Nō reira, me kimi ngā whakautu ki ō pātai katoa mō tēnei i tēnei rā.
He aha tonu te tikanga o te whakawhiti toto?
Ki te kī māmā noa, ko te tikanga o te tuku toto ko te whakahoki i te toto, i tētahi wāhanga rānei o te toto kua ngaro i tō tinana nā te mate, nā te aituā rānei.
Whakaarohia ō tātou toto he kohinga o ngā wāhanga maha. E whā ngā wāhanga matua:
- Ngā Pūtau Toto Whero: Koinei ngā mea e kawe ana i te hāora puta noa i ō tātou tinana.
- Ngā Pūtau Toto Mā: Koinei ngā pūtau ārai o te tinana e whawhai ana ki ngā mate me ngā huakita e uru mai ana ki roto i te tinana.
- Ngā pereti toto: Ka āwhina ēnei pūtau iti ki te aukati i te toto ina whara.
- Plasma: Koinei te wāhanga wai o te toto. Ka mānu ngā pūtau katoa kua whakahuatia i runga ake nei i roto. Kei roto hoki i tēnei he pūmua hei āwhina i te toto kia totoka.
I mua, i te wā e koha toto ana, he maha ngā wā ka tukuna te toto katoa. Engari i nāianei, nā te hangarau matatau, ka tirohia e ngā tākuta te wāhanga o tō tinana e hapa ana . Kātahi ka hoatu noa te wāhanga e hiahiatia ana. Hei tauira, ki te iti ō toto whero, ka taea e koe te hoatu i taua wāhanga anake. Ki te iti ō pereti toto, ka taea e koe te hoatu i taua wāhanga anake. Ka taea e tēnei te whakaiti i ngā raruraru koretake.
He aha tātou me tuku toto ai?
He maha ngā take e hiahiatia ai te tuku toto. Me titiro tātou ki ngā take matua.
| Take | He whakamārama māmā |
|---|---|
| Ngā pokanga nui, ngā aituā kino rānei | I te wā o te pokanga, i te wā rānei o tētahi aituā nui, ka ngaro pea te nui o te toto i te tinana. Me whakakapi taua nui toto kua whakaititia. |
| Te toto i roto i te ara nakunaku | Mena ka puta te toto mai i te ara nakunaku nā ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te mate puku, i ētahi atu take rānei, me whakakapi te nui o te toto kua whakaitihia, me te whakahaere tonu i te toto. |
| Ngā mate e pāngia ai te anemia | Mēnā he mate pukupuku, pērā i te leukemia, me te mate tākihi, ka heke te hanga toto whero hauora a te tinana. Ka hoatu te toto hei rongoā mō te anemia e puta mai ana. |
| Ngā Maimoatanga Matepukupuku | Ka taea e ngā maimoatanga pēnei i te irahiko, te rongoā matepukupuku rānei te kino ki te hinu wheua, e whakaputa ana i ngā pūtau toto. Nō reira, ki te heke te nui o ngā pūtau toto, ka hoatu he toto. |
| Ngā mate toto me ngā mate ate | Ko ētahi mate toto tuku iho (hei tauira, te thalassemia) me ngā mate ate kino e hiahiatia ana he whakawhiti toto auau. |
Kia ako tātou mō ngā momo toto me te hototahitanga.
Koinei te pātai nui rawa atu a te tini tāngata. "Ka taea e au te koha toto i te tangata noa iho?" Ko te whakautu, "Kāo." Ina whiwhi koe i te toto, me ōrite te toto e riro mai ana i a koe ki tō momo toto.
E whā ngā momo toto matua: A, B, AB, me te O. Hei tāpiri, tētahi atu āhuatanga e kiia nei ko te āhuatanga Rh . I runga i tēnei, ka taea e tō momo toto te pai (+) te kino rānei (-). (Tauira: A+, O-, B+).
Whakaarohia he kī kei ō pūtau toto e mahi ana māu. Me rite tonu te kī ki ngā pūtau toto e tukuna ana e koe. Ki te huri te kī, ka mōhio te pūnaha ārai mate o tō tinana ki ngā pūtau toto hou hei hoariri, ā, ka tīmata te whakaeke i a rātou. He āhuatanga morearea tēnei.
Koia te take e whakamātautau kaha ai ngā whare pēnei i te Ratonga Whakawhiti Toto ā-Motu i Sri Lanka i te momo toto, te take Rh, me ngā mate rerekē o ia kaituku toto.
- Momo toto O: Ko te tangata he momo toto O tōna ka kiia he " Kaihoko Ao Whānui"."Mēnā he āhuatanga ohorere, ki te kore he wā ki te kimi i te momo toto tika, ka taea te hoatu toto O kino (O-) ki te tangata katoa."
- Momo toto AB: Ko te tangata he momo toto AB ka kiia he " kaiwhiwhi toto whānui ." Ko te tikanga ka taea e ia te whiwhi toto mai i tetahi momo toto.
Te āhua o te tuku toto me ngā raruraru pea
I te nuinga o te wā ka tukuna te toto i roto i te hōhipera, i te whare hauora rānei. Ka whakauruhia he cannula iti ki roto i te uaua i roto i tō ringa, ka honoa ai he pēke toto mā roto. Ka roa pea tēnei mahi i waenga i te 1 ki te 4 hāora. Ka tirotirohia koe e te tākuta, e te nēhi rānei i roto i tēnei wā.
Kāore ianei he mōrearea i reira?
He tino haumaru te tuku toto. Heoi, pērā i ngā tikanga hauora katoa, tera pea ētahi raruraru onge ka puta. Kaua e mataku, ko te mea nui kia mōhio koe ki ēnei.
- Te kirika: He mea noa te pāngia e te kirika iti mō ētahi haora i muri i te tuku toto. I te nuinga o te wā, kāore tēnei i te kino. Heoi, ki te pāngia koe e te kirika me te whakapairuaki, te mamae rānei o te uma , kōrero tonu atu ki tō tākuta, ki tō nēhi rānei .
- Ngā Tauhohenga Mate Pāwera: I ētahi wā, ahakoa ka whiwhi koe i tētahi whakawhiti toto e tino ōrite ana, ka pāngia pea tō tinana e tētahi tauhohenga mate pāwera ngawari. Ka puta pea te mākūkū, te hives, me ētahi atu tohu. I te nuinga o te wā ka puta tēnei i te wā o te whakawhiti toto, i muri rānei i te whakawhiti toto.
- Ngā Tauhohenga Ārai Mate: He tino onge ēnei, engari he mate kino rawa.
- Tauhohenga Hemolytic Ārai Mate Kino: Koinei te wā e whakaekea ai e tō tinana ngā toto whero i tukuna mai. He āhuatanga ohorere hauora tēnei. Ko ngā tohu ko te kirika, te makariri, te whakapairuaki, te mamae o te uma, o te tuara raro rānei, me te mimi pouri.
- Te Tauhohenga Hemolytic Whakaroa: He rite tonu tēnei ki te mea i runga ake nei, engari ka āta puta ngā tohu, i muri i ētahi rā.
- Ngā Mate Pukupuku Toto: He mea tēnei e wehingia ana e te tini o te tangata. Engari ko te pono, i ēnei rā, he tino iti te mōrearea nā te mea he tino kaha te tirotiro i ngā kaituku me ngā kaiwhiwhi toto.
- Te Tapeke Rino/Hemochromatosis: Kāore tēnei e pā ki te tangata kua whiwhi toto kotahi noa iho. Ko ngā tūroro e whiwhi toto pinepine ana, mō ngā tau maha (hei tauira, ngā tūroro thalassemia), ka piki ake pea ngā taumata rino i roto i ō rātou tinana. Ka pā pea tēnei ki te ngākau me te ate.
- Mate kōpura-ki-te-kaihautū: He tino onge tēnei.Engari he raruraru whakamate pea tēnei. Ka puta tēnei ina whakaekea e ngā toto toto mā i roto i te toto i kohaina te hinu wheua o te tūroro. He nui ake te tūponotanga ka puta tēnei i roto i ngā tūroro he ngoikore rawa ō rātou pūnaha ārai mate.
- He tikanga hauora tino noa te whakawhiti toto, he mea whakaora ora, ā, he tino haumaru hoki.
- Ka hoatu noa ki a koe ngā wāhanga toto e hiahiatia ana e tō tinana (hei tauira, ngā toto whero, ngā pereti toto).
- Ka whakamātauhia ngā toto katoa e tukuna ana kia tino ōrite ki tō momo toto, ā, kia kore ai he mate. Nō reira, he tino iti te tūponotanga o te horapa o ngā mate.
- Ki te pāngia koe e ētahi tohu rerekē pēnei i te kirika, te mākūkū, te poto o te manawa, te mamae rānei o te uma i a koe e tuku toto ana, i muri rānei i te tuku toto, me whakamōhio tonu atu ki tō tākuta, ki tō nēhi rānei .
- Mena kei a koe tonu ētahi pātai mō tēnei, kaua e wehi ki te pātai atu ki tō tākuta. Nāu te tika.
E ai ki ngā rangahau i mahia i ngā whenua whakawhanake, ko te mōrearea o te pangia e te mate pēnei i te HIV mā te whakawhiti toto he tata ki te kotahi i roto i te rua miriona. He iti iho tēnei i te pānga o te uira. He tino iti hoki te mōrearea o te pangia e ngā mate pēnei i te Hepatitis B me te C.
Kaua e mataku i ēnei mōrearea. Kia maumahara, ka whakatau te tākuta ki te tuku toto ki a koe nā te mea he nui ake te kino o te kore tuku toto i tēnei mōrearea iti rawa o te tuku toto .
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