Kua whakaarohia e koe, ina pāngia, ina whara rānei ō tātou tinana, ka puta he pakanga nui i roto hei whakaora? He ope taua tino pūkenga tō tātou hei whawhai i ngā hoariri pērā i ngā huaketo me ngā huakita e puta mai ana i waho o ō tātou tinana. Ka kiia tēnei e tātou ko te pūnaha ārai mate. Nō reira, me whai tangata hei whakahaere i tēnei ope, hei whakawhitiwhiti karere, hei tuku atu hoki i a rātou ki te wāhi tika kei reira ngā hoariri. Ko aua karere ngaro ko ngā cytokine e kōrerohia ana e tātou i tēnei rā.
He aha tonu ngā cytokine?
He whakarāpopototanga noa iho, ko ngā cytokine he pūmua iti e tuku karere ana i waenga i ngā pūtau o roto i tō tātou pūnaha ārai mate. He rite ki tētahi 'rōpū WhatsApp' i roto i ō tātou tinana. Ina tae mai he tūmomo riri pēnei i te mate urutā, i te whara rānei ki te tinana, ka tukuna e ngā pūtau ārai mate ēnei karere e kiia nei ko ngā cytokine. Ka kī atu ēnei karere ki ētahi atu pūtau ārai mate, "He raruraru kei konei, haere mai kia tere!", "Koinei te momo hoariri me whawhai tātou," me "Hangaia he hōia anō."
Whakaarohia he huaketo e uru ana ki roto i tō tinana. I taua wā, ka tukuna e ētahi pūtau ēnei karere cytokine, e kī ana ki ētahi atu pūtau kia rite ki te whawhai ki te huaketo. Ko te tikanga, ki te kore ēnei karere iti, e kore e taea e tō tātou pūnaha ārai mate te mahi tika. Ka āwhina ēnei cytokine ki te pupuri i te hauora o tō tātou pūnaha ārai mate, ahakoa kāore he tūmomo mōrearea.
He momo matua o ēnei cytokine?
Āe, pērā i ngā tūranga rerekē o te ope taua, he rerekē ngā momo cytokine. He mahi motuhake tā ia momo. Me titiro tātou ki ētahi o ngā momo matua.
| Momo sitokine | He aha te mea hei mahi noa |
|---|---|
| Ngā Chemokine | He rite ki te 'GPS' mō ngā pūtau ārai mate. E whakaatu ana i te ara ki te wāhi kei reira te mate. |
| Ngā Interferon | Mēnā ka puta he huaketo, ka tukuna he tohu whakatūpato ki ētahi atu pūtau, e mea ana, "Whakanohoia he whakangungu rakau!" Ka ārai i ngā huaketo kei pangia te tinana. |
| Ngā Interleukins | Ka whakawhitiwhiti karere ēnei i waenga i ngā pūtau ārai mate (ngā pūtau toto mā) me te kōrero hoki ki ētahi atu pūtau. |
| Te take mate pukupuku (TNF) | Ka āwhina i te whakahaere i te mumura i roto i te tinana, ā, ka tuku tohu hoki ki ngā pūtau ārai mate kia whakangaro i ngā pūtau matepukupuku. |
| Ngā āhuatanga whakaoho koroni (CSF) | Ka hoatu e ēnei ngā tohutohu ki ngā pūtau take hematopoietic, pērā i te "ka huri koe hei pūtau toto ma," "ka huri koe hei pūtau toto whero," ā, ka hurihia rātou hei momo pūtau motuhake. |
Hei tāpiritanga, ka whakaingoatia ētahi cytokine i runga i te momo pūtau e whakaputa ana i a rātou:
- Lymphokines: Ka hangaia e tētahi momo toto mā e kiia nei ko ngā lymphocytes.
- Monokines: Ka hangaia e tētahi momo toto ma e kiia nei ko ngā monocytes.
Ko te mahi matua a ngā cytokine: te whakahaere i te mumura
Ina rongo te nuinga o te tangata i te kupu 'mumura', ka whakaaro rātou he mea kino, he tohu mate. Engari ko te mumura he tohu nui e whakaatu ana kei te whawhai tō tātou pūnaha ārai mate ki ngā hoariri, kei te whakatika rānei i ngā kiko kua pakaru. Whakaarohia mēnā ka tapahia tō maihao, ka whero, ka pupuhi, ka paku wera, tika? Koinei te mumura.
Ko ngā cytokine te hunga e tuku karere ana ki ngā pūtau ārai mate, "He raruraru kei konei, haere mai kia tere te whakaora i tēnei patunga, aukati i te urunga mai o ngā iroriki!"
Ko ngā tohu matua a ngā cytokine ko ēnei e whai ake nei:
- Te whakahohenga pūtau: Te kī atu ki ngā pūtau ki hea rātou e haere ai, me te aha hoki e mahi ai. Hei tauira, te ārahi i ngā pūtau ārai mate ki te wāhi o te mate.
- Te rerekētanga o ngā pūtau: Ka kīia ki tētahi pūtau kāore anō kia pakari kia "riro hei momo toto mā motuhake ka taea te whawhai ki tēnei mate."
- Te tipu pūtau: He tohu hei hanga i ētahi atu pūtau, i ētahi atu pūtau rānei. Hei tauira, ka tukuna tēnei tohu ina hiahiatia he nui ake ngā pūtau toto mā hei whawhai i tētahi mate nui.
Ngā cytokine ārai-mumura me ngā cytokine ārai-mumura
He rite tēnei ki te whakateretere me te parai o te motuka. He mea nui ngā mea e rua mō te whakahaere tika i te urupare a tō tātou pūnaha ārai mate.
- Ngā cytokine mumura: Koinei ngā whakatere . Ina uru mai he iroriki, ka puta te mumura, ka tere ake hoki te urupare ārai mate. Koinei ngā mea e tuku ana i te tohu kia tīmata te whawhai.
- Ngā cytokine ārai-mumura: Koinei ngā aukati . I muri i te hinganga o te hoariri, ka aukatihia e rātou te kino atu ki ō tātou ake kiko hauora mā te whakaiti i te mumura me te whakahoki i ngā mea katoa ki te āhua noa.
He mea nui te whakamutu i te pakanga i te wā tika, he mea nui anō hoki te whakamutu i te pakanga i te wā tika. Ki te kore, ka pakaru pea ō tātou ake pūtau, ā, ka puta mai ngā mate kino.
Me pēhea te whakahaere i tēnei whakawhitiwhiti karere?
He tukanga tino whakamere tēnei. Me whakarite ki tētahi kī me tētahi kōhao kī.
He rite te cytokine ki te kī . Kei runga i te mata o te pūtau e hiahia ana ki te whiwhi i te karere, he kōhao kī (kaiwhakawhiwhi) e uru ana ki taua kī. Ina haere te cytokine (te kī) ka hono atu ki te kaiwhakawhiwhi (te kōhao kī) i runga i taua pūtau, ka whiwhi taua pūtau i te karere. Kātahi ka mahi taua pūtau i runga i taua karere.
E toru ngā huarahi hei tuku i ēnei karere:
1. Tohu ā-autokrini: Ka tukuna he karere e te pūtau ki a ia anō.
2. Tohu paracrine: Ka tukuna ngā karere e te pūtau ki ngā pūtau tata.
3. Tohu endocrine: Ka tukuna ngā karere e te pūtau mā te toto ki ngā pūtau kei tawhiti atu i a ia.
Ko ēhea ngā pūtau e whakaputa ana i te nuinga o ngā cytokine?
He maha ngā wā ka hangaia ngā cytokine e ngā pūtau o roto i tō tātou pūnaha ārai mate. Heoi, ehara i te mea ko rātou anake ngā pūtau. Ka taea hoki e ētahi atu momo pūtau o roto i tō tātou tinana te whakaputa i ēnei.
Ngā pūtau ārai mate
- Ngā Macrophage
- Ngā pūtau dendritic
- Ngā pūtau toto
- Ngā monocyte
- Ngā Neutrophils
- Ngā Basophil
- Ngā Eosinophil
- Ngā pūtau mast
Ētahi atu pūtau
- Ngā pūtau endothelial (ngā pūtau e whakarārangi ana i te roto o ngā oko toto)
- Ko ngā pūtau epithelial ngā pūtau e kapi ana i te mata o ō tātou whekau.
- Ngā pūtau i roto i te kiko honohono (Ngā pūtau fibroblast, Ngā pūtau stromal)
- Ngā pūtau e karapoti ana i ngā io (ngā pūtau Schwann)
Ka aha mēnā ka ngaro te taurite o ngā cytokine?
Ahakoa he mea nui ngā cytokine mō tō tātou hauora, pērā i ngā mea katoa, kāore e pai te nui rawa. I ētahi wā, nā te mate pāwera, nā ētahi maimoatanga rānei, ka nui rawa te whakaohooho o te pūnaha ārai mate, ā, ka tīmata te whakaputa i ngā nui rawa o ngā cytokine kāore e taea te whakahaere.
Ka huaina tēnei āhuatanga ko te Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS) ko te cytokine storm rānei. He rite tonu ki te mea ka porangi tō tātou ake pūnaha ārai mate, ka whakaeke i ō tātou hoariri me ō tātou ake pūtau hauora. Ka taea e tēnei te arahi ki te mumura nui, te kino o ngā kiko, me te maha o ngā mate.
Ngā mate ka puta mai i te nui rawa o ngā cytokine:
- Ngā mate pūnaha ārai mate: I roto i tēnei āhuatanga, ka whakaekea hētia e te pūnaha ārai mate ōna ake pūtau hauora.
- Ngā mate pākia o te tinana: Ngā raruraru ki te tukanga hurihanga o te kai hei pūngao.
- Matepukupuku.
- Sepsis: He mate tino kino tēnei. Ka heke te rere o te toto ki ngā whekau nui i te mumura nui o te tinana. He āhuatanga ohorere hauora tēnei, ā, ka mate pea mēnā kāore e rongoatia.
Mena he ruarua āu mō tēnei mate, he mea nui kia toro atu koe ki tō tākuta tonu mō ētahi tohutohu .
Whakamātautau papa cytokine
Ka taea e ngā tākuta te kī mēnā he nui rawa, he iti rawa rānei ngā cytokine o tō tinana. Ka kiia te whakamātautau toto he cytokine panel . Ka ine i ngā taumata o ngā cytokine i roto i tō toto e uru ana ki te mumura. I runga i ngā hua, ka taea e tō tākuta te tohu maimoatanga hei whakahaere i te mumura mēnā he nui rawa.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- He matū karere ngā cytokine e tika ana mō te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero i roto i tō tātou pūnaha ārai mate.
- Ka mahi ēnei hei whawhai i ngā tūmomo mōrearea ki te tinana, hei whakaputa i te 'mumura', ā, hei whakamutu i te mumura ina mutu te whawhai.
- He mea nui te taurite tika o ngā cytokine mō te hauora pai. Mā te nui rawa, te iti rawa rānei o ēnei ka pāngia e te mate.
- He mate kino te 'āwhā cytokine' e puta mai ana i te tauhohenga nui rawa o te pūnaha ārai mate.
- Mena he āwangawanga, he tohu rānei āu e pā ana ki tō pūnaha ārai mate, me rapu tohutohu i tētahi tohunga hauora whai tohu.
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