Kua kōrero atu rānei tētahi tākuta ki a koe, ki tētahi o tō whānau, ki a koe anō rānei, he "ua āraihia tō oko toto" he "pūpū rānei te oko toto pērā i te poihau"? He mea noa te mataku nui ina rongo tātou i tētahi mea pēnei. He tokomaha te hunga e whakaaro ana me mahi he pokanga nui, he tapahi nui, me te wā whakaora roa mō tētahi mea pēnei. Engari i mōhio koe nā te whanaketanga o te pūtaiao hauora, kua wātea he huarahi hei rongoā i te nuinga o ēnei raruraru me te kore he tapahi nui, mā roto i tētahi kōhao iti rawa. I tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō taua tikanga rongoā whakamiharo, arā, ko te 'pokanga endovascular'.
He aha te Pokanga Endovascular?
Ki te whakarapopoto, ko te pokanga endovascular he tikanga rongoā mō ngā mate e pā ana ki te pūnaha vascular i roto i tō tātou tinana, me te kore e tapahia nui. Whakaarohia he paipa wai kua purua i roto i tō whare. Hei whakatika, ka whakauruhia he waea iti ki roto i te paipa, ka tangohia te mea kua purua, me te kore e pakaru te pakitara.
Ko te tikanga o te ingoa "Endo" ko "roto." Ko te tikanga o te "Vascular" ko "e pā ana ki ngā oko toto." Nō reira, ina honoa ēnei e rua, ko te tikanga o te "Endovascular" ko "te maimoatanga e mahia ana i roto i ngā oko toto." I roto i tēnei, ka whakauruhia e ngā taote pokanga he ngongo angiangi, ngāwari (catheter) ki roto i te oko toto, kātahi ka tukuna mā roto hei whakatika i te raruraru i roto i te oko toto. Ka taea e tēnei tikanga te whakahoki mai i te rere o te toto ki te roro, te ngākau, ngā peka, me ngā pukahukahu.
He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te pokanga tuku iho me tēnei tikanga hou?
Ahakoa e rua ngā tikanga e rongoā ana i ngā oko toto, he rerekētanga nui kei roto i te huarahi e whakatata atu ai te tākuta ki te oko toto. Hei mārama ki tēnei rerekētanga, tirohia te ripanga i raro nei.
| Āhuatanga | Pokanga Tuwhera | Pokanga Endovascular |
|---|---|---|
| Me pēhea te uru atu | Ka tapahia e te taote pokanga te kiri, ka tapahia he wahi nui, ka tae atu ki te uaua toto. | Ka hangaia he kōhao iti ki roto i te uaua toto ki te ngira, ā, ka whakaurua ngā ngongo angiangi (ngā catheter) mā roto. |
| Te Huarahi Tapahi | He nui, me tuitui. | He tino iti (he rite te rahi ki te pane o te titi). |
| Te toto | Teitei te āhua. | Tino iti. |
| Te wā whakaora | E hia wiki pea, e hia marama rānei te roa. | He tino onge, ka hoki anō ki te āhua noa i roto i ētahi rā, wiki rānei. |
| Te roa o te noho ki te hōhipera | He torutoru ngā rā, he maha atu rānei ngā rā i te wiki. | He rā kotahi, he rā rua rānei te nuinga. Tērā pea ka taea e koe te hoki ki te kāinga i taua rā anō. |
Ko te mea nui ko te whakatau a tō tākuta ko tēhea o ēnei tikanga e rua te mea tika māu, me te whakaaro ki tō āhua hauora, ki tō tau, me tō hauora whānui.
He aha ngā mate hauora matua e rongoātia ana e tēnei tikanga?
Ka whakamahia te pokanga endovascular hei rongoā i ngā momo āhuatanga e pā ana ki te ngākau me ngā uaua toto. Ko ētahi o ēnei ko:
- Aneurysm: He ngoikore tēnei o te pakitara o te uaua toto, ka pupuhi ki waho pērā i te poihau. Ka puta pea ēnei i roto i te aneurysm aortic abdominal, i te aneurysm aortic thoracic rānei, tae atu ki ētahi atu uaua toto o te tinana. He mea morearea tēnei nā te mea ki te pakaru tēnei aneurysm, ka puta he toto nui ki roto.
- Atherosclerosis: Kua rongo pea koe i tēnei. He whakarāpopototanga noa iho, ko te kohikohinga o te cholesterol me te ngako i roto i ngā oko toto, ka hanga he paparanga "pēka". Ka whaiti ngā oko toto, ka aukati i te rere o te toto. Koinei te tino take o ngā mate pēnei i te mate manawa me te whiu.
- Te mate o te uaua carotid:Ko ngā uaua carotid ngā uaua toto matua e rua i ia taha o tō tātou kaki e kawe ana i te toto ki te roro. Ina āraia ēnei uaua, ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te whiu.
- Te Thrombosis Utauta Hōhonu (DVT): He toto toto tēnei e puta mai ana i roto i ngā uaua hohonu o te tinana, inā koa i ngā waewae. Ko te mōrearea i konei, ki te pakaru tēnei toto toto ka mau ki roto i te oko toto i roto i ngā pukahukahu (Pulmonary Embolism), ka mate pea.
- Mate Puku Ā-Taiao (PAD): He mate e puta mai ana i te whaiti o ngā pūku e tuku toto ana ki ngā peka, inā koa ko ngā waewae. Ko te tohu matua ko te mamae o ngā waewae ina hikoi ana mō ngā tawhiti poto.
He aha ngā mea ka tupu i mua i te pokanga?
Mena ka tūtohutia kia mahia tēnei momo pokanga, ka kōrero tuatahi tō tākuta ki a koe mō tō āhua me tō hītori hauora. Kātahi ka whakahaerehia e ia he whakamātautau tinana, ā, ka whakahau i ētahi whakamātautau kia pai ake ai te mārama ki te raruraru. Hei tauira:
- Matawai ultrasound: Hei tirotiro i te rere o te toto i roto i ngā oko toto me te wāhi e aukati ana.
- Angiography: Ka werohia he tae motuhake ki roto i ngā uaua toto, ā, ka tangohia he hihi-X hei tiki i tētahi mahere mārama o ngā uaua toto.
- Matawai CT, matawai MRI rānei: Tikina he whakaahua toru-ahu (3D) taipitopito o ngā uaua toto me ngā kiko e karapoti ana.
- ECG me te Echocardiogram: Tirohia te mahi a te ngākau.
I runga i ngā mōhiohio i kohia mai i ēnei whakamātautau, ka whakamahere te tīma hauora i te maimoatanga tino tika māu.
He aha ngā momo maimoatanga matua e whakamahia ana i tēnei ara?
He maha ngā momo maimoatanga endovascular. I runga i tō āhua, ka whiriwhiria e koe tētahi, neke atu rānei o ēnei.
| Tikanga maimoatanga (Tukanga) | Hei whakarāpopototanga, he aha te mea ka tupu? |
|---|---|
| Angioplasty | Ka whakauruhia he katitere me te poihau ki roto i te oko toto kua āraia, ā, ka pupuhihia te poihau hei whakawhānui i te wāhi kua āraia. |
| Te Whakatakoto Stent | I muri i te angioplasty, ka whakanohoia he ngongo iti rite ki te mata whakarewa (stent) ki roto i te uaua kia kore ai e aukatia anō. |
| Te tango i te toto i roto i te toto | Te waru i te paraka kua hanga ki runga i ngā pakitara o ngā oko toto mā te whakamahi i tētahi taputapu motuhake. |
| Te Tāruatanga o te Stent | Ka whakauruhia he ngongo i hangaia ki te kakahu me te mata whakarewa, ka whakamaua ki roto i tētahi oko toto ngoikore, pērā i te aneurysm, hei whakapakari. |
| Te tango i te toto | Te tango ā-ringa, te whakarewa rānei i te toto totoka (thrombus) kua mau i roto i te uaua toto (thrombolysis). |
| Te whakapūngao | Te aukati ā-taupānga o tētahi oko toto mā te whakauru i tētahi mea iti rite ki te pītiti ki roto i te oko toto hei aukati i te toto, hei tapahi rānei i te rere o te toto ki tētahi pukupuku. |
He aha ngā mea ka tupu i muri i te pokanga? Kia tūpato ki ēnei tohu!
Ko tētahi o ngā painga nui o tēnei pokanga ko te tere o te ora. I runga i te uauatanga o te pokanga, ka taea e koe te hoki ki te kāinga i taua rā anō (i te wā tūroro) ka noho rānei ki te hōhipera mō te rā kotahi, e rua rānei. Ko te nuinga o te tangata ka taea te tīmata anō i ā rātou mahi o ia rā i muri i te marama pea. Heoi, mā tō tākuta koe e hoatu ki a koe te tohutohu pai rawa atu mō tēnei.
He mea tino nui kia haere koe ki ngā wā tirotiro katoa me tō tākuta i muri i te pokanga. Waihoki, ki te pāngia koe e tētahi o ngā tohu e whai ake nei, whakamōhio atu ki tō tākuta tonu atu , haere rānei ki te Tari Ohotata (ETU) o te hōhipera tata.
- Te mamae nui i roto i te puku, te uma, te tuara, te uma rānei
- Te toto mai i te wāhi pokanga
- Te mamae, te pupuhi rānei i te waewae, i te ringa rānei
- Pōuriuri , ngaro rānei te māramatanga
- Te ngoikore, te ngaro rānei o te kare ā-roto i te ringa, i te waewae rānei
- Te ngoikore nui, te ngenge rānei
- Te whero o te kiri, te wai rite ki te pūkahukahu e maringi ana mai i te tapahi iti i mahia i te wā o te pokanga
- Kirika
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- He tikanga matatau, he tikanga haumaru hoki te pokanga endovascular mō te rongoā i ngā oko toto i roto i te tinana, me te kore e tapahia he wahi nui.
- Ka taea e tēnei te rongoā angitu i ngā mate kino maha pērā i te atherosclerosis, te aneurysm, me te deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
- He poto ake te wā whakaora o tēnei tikanga, he iti ake te mamae, ā, he poto ake te noho hōhipera i tērā i te pokanga tuwhera tuku iho.
- Ko te tākuta anake e tirotiro ana i a koe ka taea te whakatau mēnā he tika tēnei tikanga maimoatanga māu.
- Mena ka puta mai ētahi tohu rerekē i muri i te pokanga, he mea tino nui kia rapu tohutohu hauora tonu atu, kaua e warewarehia.
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