Ngā Mea Matua Me Mōhio Koe mō te Raru o te Whatukuhu | Nirogi Lanka

Kua mutu kē koe ki te whakaaroaro i te nui o te mahi a ō whatukuhu iti e rua māu i ia rā? Heoi, i ētahi wā, ka uaua pea ō whatukuhu ki te mahi pērā i tā rātou e tika ana. Koinei te mea e kiia nei e mātou ko te ngoikore o te whatukuhu. Ahakoa he ahua taumaha tēnei, i Nirogi Lanka , e whakapono ana mātou ko te mārama ki tō hauora te taputapu tino kaha kei a koe. Ko te noho mōhio te taahiraa tuatahi ki te whakahaere i tō oranga.

He aha te ngoikore o te whatukuhu?

Ki te kī ngāwari, ka puta te ngoikore o te whatukuhu ina kore e mahi tika tetahi, e rua rānei o ō whatukuhu. Kāore e taea e rātou te mahi i ā rātou mahi nui ko rātou anake. E rua ngā huarahi matua ka puta ai tēnei: ​​Te ngoikore o te whatukuhu whakapeka , ka puta ohorere, ka tere hoki—ahakoa i ētahi wā, ka taea te noho wā poto, ka taea te whakaora mā te maimoatanga—me te Mate Whatukuhu Mau tonu (CKD) , e pā ana ki te hekenga puhoi, āta haere o te mahi whatukuhu i roto i te wā. Ko te CKD te momo tino noa o te raruraru whatukuhu.

Ki te haere tonu te heke o te mahi a te whatukuhu, ka tae pea ki te wāhanga whakamutunga e mōhiotia ana ko te Mate Whatukuhu Wāhanga Mutunga (ESKD) . Ki te kore he wawaotanga hauora, he morearea te ESKD; tera pea ka ora noa te tūroro mō ētahi rā, wiki rānei me te kore maimoatanga. Heoi, kaua e mataku—me te whakahaere tika me te tiaki i Nirogi Lanka, ka taea e koe te pupuri i te kounga pai o te oranga ahakoa kei te ora koe me te mate whatukuhu.

He aha te mahi a ō whatukuhu?

Kia tirohia te mahi a ēnei okana i roto i tō tinana. He rite te āhua o ō whatukuhu e rua ki te pīni, ā, he rite te rahi ki tō ringa. Kotahi kei ia taha o tō tuaiwi, kei raro noa iho i tō uma. Ahakoa e rua ngā whatukuhu o te nuinga o te tangata, ka taea tonu te ora hauora me te kotahi anake te whatukuhu e mahi ana.

Ko te mahi matua a ō whatukuhu he tātari i ngā paitini i roto i tō tinana . Whakaarohia rātou he pūnaha tātari matatau: ka tātarihia e rātou ō toto, ka tangohia hoki ngā para, ka tukuna hei mimi.

Ki te kore ō whatukuhu e mahi tika, ka tīmata te kohikohi o ēnei para ki roto i tō pūnaha. Ka pāngia koe e te mate, ā, ki te kore e rongoatia, ka mate pea koe i te mutunga. Heoi, e ai ki te kōrero, mā te tiaki tika me te aroturukitanga, ka taea te whakahaere angitu i tēnei mate.

He Pēhea te Auau o te Raru o te Whatukuhu?

He mea noa te ngoikore o ngā whatukuhu. I ngā whenua pēnei i te Hononga o Amerika, tata ki te 750,000 ngā tāngata e pāngia ana i ia tau, ā, puta noa i te ao, e miriona ngā tāngata e noho tahi ana me tēnei mate. I Sri Lanka anō hoki, he tokomaha ngā tāngata e pāngia ana e tēnei raruraru, nā te nui haere o ngā mate tāpiri pēnei i te mate huka me te toto toto tiketike.

He aha ngā Wāhanga e Rima o te Mate Tākihi?

Hei whakatau i te wāhanga o te mate tākihi, ka tirohia e mātou tō eGFR (Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate) , ka inehia mā te whakamātautau toto.

He māmā noa iho, ka ine te eGFR i te pai o te tātari para a ō whatukuhu. Ko te tikanga he nui ake i te 90 te eGFR o te tangata hauora. Ki te heke tō eGFR ki te 0, he tohu tēnei kua tata kore he kaha mahi a ngā whatukuhu.

E rima ngā wāhanga matua o te mate whatukuhu:

• Wāhanga I: Ko tō GFR he 90, neke atu rānei. Tērā pea he iti noa te kino o te whatukuhu, engari kei te mahi tonu ngā whatukuhu i te āhua noa.
• Wāhanga II: Kei waenga i te 60 me te 89 tō GFR. He nui ake te kino i te Wāhanga I, engari kei te pai tonu te mahi.
• Wāhanga III: Kei waenga i te 30 me te 59 tō GFR. I konei, ka heke te mahi a te whatukuhu i te āhua, i te tino kino rānei.
• Wāhanga IV: Kei waenga i te 15 me te 29 tō GFR. Kua tino ngoikore te mahi a te whatukuhu i tēnei wā.
• Wāhanga V: Kei raro iho i te 15 tō GFR. He tohu tēnei kua tata te ngoikore o te whatukuhu, kua kore rānei e ngoikore katoa, ā, ka kitea nuitia ngā tohu i tēnei wāhanga.

He aha ngā tohu whakatūpato wawe mō te ngoikore o te whatukuhu?

I ngā wā tōmua, kāore pea he tohu e pā ki a koe, he iti noa iho rānei ngā tohu. Ahakoa kei te pai koe, ka taea e te Mate Tākihi Mau tonu (CKD) te whakararu i a koe i roto.

He rerekē ngā tohu i ia tangata, i ia tangata. Mena kei te raru ō whatukuhu, ka kite pea koe i tētahi, i ētahi rānei o ēnei e whai ake nei:

• Te ngenge tonu. Ehara tēnei i te ngenge noa iho; he ngenge nui e kore e ea i te okiokinga.
• Te whakapairuaki me te ruaki, me te ngaronga o te hiahia kai i te nuinga o te wā.
• He uaua ki te arotahi, he pōuri rānei te roro. He pōhēhē te hinengaro, kāore rānei e taea te arotahi ki ngā mahi.
• Pupuhi (edema). Ina koa i ō ringaringa, i ō pona waewae, i te taha rānei o ngā kanohi, ina koa i te oho ake i te ata.
• Ngā panonitanga o te mimi. Me mimi pinepine ake pea koe, me mimi iti iho rānei, me kite rānei koe he ahua huka tō mimi.
• Ngā uaua e māuiui ana, e kōpiripiri ana rānei.
• Kiri maroke, kiri mākūkū rānei.
• He reka konganuku i roto i tō waha, he ngaro rānei te hiahia kai.

Kaua e mataku mēnā ka pāngia koe e tētahi, e rua rānei o ēnei tohu, engari ki te mau tonu, me toro atu koe ki te tākuta tonu . Mēnā ka pāngia koe e tētahi āhuatanga ohorere, waea atu ki te 911, toro atu rānei ki tō tari ohorere tata.

He aha ngā tino take o te ngoikore o te whatukuhu?

Ko ngā tino take o te mate whatukuhu mau tonu me te ngoikore o te whatukuhu i muri mai koTe Mate Huka me te Toto Toto Nui . He mate noa ēnei e rua, he mate ngāwari ki te whakahaere, ā, e kitea pinepinetia ana i Nirogi Lanka.

Mena he mate huka tōu, ā, kāore i te pai te whakahaere, ka piki haere tonu ngā taumata huka i roto i tō toto, ka hua ake te hyperglycemia. Mena ka noho tonu ēnei taumata ki te teitei, ka pā kino pea ki ō whatukuhu me ētahi atu okana nui i roto i te wā.

Ka puta te toto toto tiketike, te toto toto tiketike rānei, ina kaha rawa te pēhanga o te toto i roto i ō uaua toto. Ki te kore he maimoatanga roa, ka taea e tēnei taumahatanga tāpiri te whakararu nui i ngā kiko ngawari o ō whatukuhu.

Kāore te ngoikore o te whatukuhu e puta wawe mai. He maha atu anō ngā āhuatanga e whai wāhi ana:

• Te Mate Tākihi Polycystic (PKD): He mate ira tēnei i tukuna mai i ngā mātua. Ka puta he pēke wai-kī tonu i roto i ngā tākihi, e mōhiotia ana ko ngā cysts.
• Ngā mate o te glomerular: Ka pāngia e ēnei āhuatanga te kaha o ngā whatukuhu ki te tātari tika i ngā hua para mai i ō toto.
• Ngā mate tākihi ā-tinana: Hei tauira, ko te Lupus . He mate ā-tinana tēnei e whakaeke hē ai tō pūnaha ārai mate i ō ake pūtau hauora. Ka taea e tēnei te arahi ki te kino o ngā okana, te mamae o ngā hononga, te kirika, me te whēwhe kiri.

I ētahi wā, ka tere te whanake o te ngoikore o te whatukuhu nā runga i ngā take ohorere. E mōhiotia ana tēnei ko te Whara Whatukuhu Āwhata (AKI) . I tēnei āhua, ka heke ohorere te mahi a te whatukuhu, i roto i ētahi rā. Waimarie, he maha ngā wā ka taea te whakaora i tēnei āhuatanga.

Ko ngā tino take o te whara whatukuhu whakapeka ko:

• Ngā rongoā motuhake: Ina koa, ko te whakamahinga roa o ētahi rongoā whakamamae.
• Te matewai nui: Ina kore e ranea te wai i roto i tō tinana.
• Te aukati i te ara mimi: Ka puta pea tēnei i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i ngā kohatu tākihi.
• Ngā mate pūnaha kāore i rongoatia: Hei tauira, te mate manawa, te mate ate rānei.

He aha ngā āhuatanga mōrearea mō te ngoikore o te whatukuhu?

Ka pāngia te tangata e te ngoikore o te whatukuhu. Heoi, tera pea ka nui ake tō mōrearea mena kei a koe ēnei āhuatanga e whai ake nei:

• He mate huka tōu.
• He toto toto tiketike tōu (hypertension) .
• He mate ngakau tōu.
• He hītori whānau kei te pāngia e te mate tākihi (he mate ira).
• He rerekē te hanganga o ō whatukuhu.
• Nō te iwi Pango, nō te iwi Āwherika-Amerika rānei koe (nā ngā āhuatanga ira motuhake).
• Neke atu i te 60 ōu tau .
• He roa tō hītori ki te whakamahi i ngā rongoā whakamamae mamae, inā koa ko ngā NSAID (Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs) e hokona kore-tohu.

He aha ngā raruraru o te ngoikore o te whatukuhu?

He mahi nui tā ō whatukuhu. Ina hē, ka pā mai pea ngā raruraru maha, pēnei i:

• Te toto toto tiketike.
• Kore toto nui: Ka whakaputahia e ngā whatukuhu he homoni e āwhina ana ki te hanga i ngā pūtau toto whero. Ina pakaru, ka heke te hanga.
• Te mate wheua.
• He wai e karapoti ana i ōu pukahukahu.
• Te pakaru o te io.
• Te kore taurite o ngā irahiko hiko: Ngā huringa o ngā taumata o ngā kohuke pēnei i te konutai me te pāhare pāporo i roto i tō toto.

Kaua e whakaaro ko te tātaritanga o te ngoikore o te whatukuhu te mutunga. Ki te whai pūmau koe i te mahere maimoatanga a tō tākuta—tae atu ki te rongoā, te whakarerekētanga o te momo noho, me te here kai i te tote me ētahi matūkai—ka taea e koe te whakahaere i tēnei mate me te whai hua. Heoi, mā te kore e aro ki ngā tohutohu hauora ka piki ake te kino me ngā hua ka morearea pea ki te ora. I Nirogi Lanka, kei konei mātou hei tautoko i tō haerenga ki te whakahaere pai ake.

Ka taea e te ngoikore o te whatukuhu te arahi ki te mate?

Ae, ka taea e te Mate Tākihi Wāhanga Mutunga (ESKD) te whakararu i te ora. Heoi, e ai ki te kōrero, mā te maimoatanga tika, ka taea e te tini o te tangata te ora i te oranga katoa. He mea nui kia mahara kāore anō kia rongoatia katoatia te ngoikore o te tākihi i tēnei wā. Ko te arotahi o te maimoatanga ko te tiaki i te mahi tākihi e toe ana mō te roa rawa atu, me te whakaroa i te hekenga atu.

Me pēhea te tātaritanga o te ngoikore o te whatukuhu?

Ka whakamahia e tō tākuta ngā whakamātautau maha hei aromatawai i te pai o te mahi a ō whatukuhu. Mēnā kei te whakapae tō tākuta kei te mōrearea koe ki te ngoikore o tō whatukuhu, ko te tikanga ka whakahaua e rātou ēnei e whai ake nei:

• Ngā whakamātautau toto: Ka inehia e ēnei te whai huatanga o te tātari para o ō whatukuhu i roto i ō toto. Ka tangohia he tauira mai i tētahi uaua i roto i tō ringa, ā, ka tātarihia i roto i tētahi taiwhanga. Ka whakatauhia tō eGFR mā tēnei whakamātautau.
• Ngā whakamātautau mimi: Ka tirohia e ēnei tō mimi mō ngā matū pēnei i te pūmua, te toto rānei. Ka tonoa koe kia homai he tauira ki roto i tētahi ipu ma hei tātaritanga taiwhanga.
• Ngā whakamātautau whakaahua: Mā ēnei ka taea e tō tākuta te tirotiro i ō whatukuhu kia kitea ai he rerekētanga, he ārai rānei. Ko ngā whakamātautau whakaahua noa ko te Ultrasound Whatukuhu , te CT Urogram , me te MRI .

Me pēhea te rongoā mō te ngoikore o te whatukuhu?

Ko te huarahi hei rongoā i te ngoikore o te whatukuhu ka whakawhirinaki ki te pūtake me te kaha o tō āhua. Ahakoa he mate kino, he mate morearea te ngoikore o te whatukuhu, kāore e taea te whakaora katoa, mā te mahere maimoatanga tika i Nirogi Lanka koe e āwhina ki te ora roa ake, kia pai ake ai te oranga, me te whakahaere pai i ngā tohu me ngā raruraru.

Mena kei te heke haere te mahi a tō whatukuhu, ka aro turukihia tō hauora e tō rōpū hauora, ā, ka whakatinanahia he rautaki hei pupuri i te mahi e toe ana mō te wā roa rawa atu. Kei roto i ēnei ko:

• Te whakamātautau toto auau.
• Te aro turuki tonu i tō toto toto.
• Ngā rongoā kua whakaritea kia rite ki ō hiahia.

Mena kei roto koe i te Wāhanga Mutunga o te Raru o te Whatukuhu , he mea nui te maimoatanga kaha hei oranga tonutanga. E rua ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga matua: Te Dialysis me te Whakatō Whatukuhu .

Ngā Rongoā mō te ngoikore o te whatukuhu

I runga i te pūtake o tō mate tākihi, ka tohua pea e tō tākuta tētahi, ētahi rānei o ēnei e whai ake nei:

• Ngā aukati whākōkī tahuri-angiotensin (ACE) me ngā aukati kaiwhakawhiwhi Angiotensin II (ARB): Ka āwhina ēnei ki te whakahaere me te whakaheke i tō toto toto.
• Ngā rongoā whakaheke toto: E kiia ana ko ngā "pire wai," ka āwhina ēnei i tō tinana ki te whakakore i te wai nui.
• Ngā Statin: Ka whakamahia ēnei hei whakaheke i ō taumata cholesterol.
• Ngā matū whakaoho i te erythropoietin: Mena kei te pāngia koe e te anemia, ka āwhina ēnei i tō tinana ki te whakaputa i ngā toto whero.
• Huaora D me te Calcitriol: Ka āwhina ēnei ki te tiaki i te hauora o tō wheua me te ārai i te pirau.
• Ngā here phosphate: Ka āwhina ēnei ki te tango i te nui o te phosphate mai i ō toto.

Dialysis

He tātari ā-waho te mahi a te dialysis mō ō toto, e tautoko ana i ō whatukuhu ina kore e taea e rātou te mahi takitahi. E rua ngā momo matua:

• Hemodialysis: I roto i tēnei tukanga, ka tātarihia ō toto e te mīhini. Ko te nuinga o ngā tūroro ka whiwhi i tēnei maimoatanga i te hōhipera, i te pokapū dialysis motuhake rānei, e toru ki te whā ngā wā i te wiki. Ka taea te whakauaua tinana, nā te mea me noho hono tonu koe ki te mīhini mō ētahi hāora i ia wā.
• Te dialysis peritoneal: Ka whakauruhia he catheter ki roto i tō puku, ka taea ai te rere o tētahi otinga dialysis motuhake ki roto i tō puku. Ka mimitihia e tēnei wai ngā para me te wai taikaha, kātahi ka ringihia anō ki waho. I roto i te nuinga o ngā wā, ka taea te mahi i tēnei momo dialysis i te whakamarie o tō ake kāinga.

Te Whakatōnga Whatukuhu

I roto i te Whakatōnga Whatukuhu , ka whakakapia tō whatukuhu kua pakaru e te taote ki tētahi whatukuhu hauora mai i tētahi kaituku. Ka taea e tēnei okana kaituku te ahu mai i tētahi kaituku kua mate, i tētahi kaituku ora rānei. Ka taea e koe te ora i tētahi oranga hauora me te kotahi anake te whatukuhu e mahi ana. Whai muri i te whakatōnga, me tango rongoā koe mō te toenga o tō oranga hei ārai i tō tinana kei paopao i te okana hou.

Ka taea te rongoā i te ngoikore o te whatukuhu i te wāhanga whakamutunga?

Ka whakawhirinaki tō matapae ki ngā āhuatanga maha. Mā te tiaki hauora motuhake, ka taea e koe te noho i tētahi oranga whai hua, harikoa hoki. Heoi, me whakarite koe mō te meka e hiahiatia ana te maimoatanga puta noa i tō oranga. Kia maumahara, kāore e taea te whakakore i te mate tākihi me te ngoikore o te whatukuhu ; ka arotahi ngā maimoatanga ki te whakaroa i te whanaketanga me te whakahaere i te mate.

Me pēhea te ārai i te ngoikore o te whatukuhu?

Ahakoa kāore e taea te whakaora i te mate tākihi mau tonu (CKD) me te ngoikore o te tākihi i ngā wā katoa, ka taea e koe te mahi i ngā mahi kaha hei tiaki i te mahi tākihi e toe ana. Mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga me ngā mahinga hauora ka taea te whakaroa i te haere whakamua o te mate.

Mena kei a koe te CKD, kei te mōrearea rānei koe ki te ngoikore o te whatukuhu, whakaarohia ēnei e whai ake nei:

• Aroturukihia te mahi a tō whatukuhu i ngā wā katoa (e ai ki ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta).
• Mena he mate huka tōu, kia mau tonu te taumata huka o tō toto ki roto i te awhe hauora .
• Kia mau tonu tō toto toto ki te taumata noa, hauora hoki .
• Āta karohia ngā hua tupeka katoa , tae atu ki te momi hikareti.
• Whakawhāitihia ngā kai he nui te pāhare pāporo me te konutai (tote) . Whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ki tō tākuta, ki tētahi tohunga kai rānei, nā te mea he nui te pāhare pāporo i roto i ētahi hua me ngā huawhenua.
• Haere ki ia wā tirotiro hauora kua whakaritea me tō kaiwhakarato hauora.

He aha ngā mea ka taea e koe te tumanako mēnā he ngoikore tō whatukuhu?

Kāore he rongoā katoa mō te ngoikore o te whatukuhu. Heoi, mā te tātaritanga tika me te maimoatanga auau, ka taea e koe te ora roa me te whai tikanga, me te kore e whakararu i te kounga o tō oranga.

Āhea koe me toro atu ki te tākuta?

Mena kei a koe ētahi āhuatanga mōrearea mō te ngoikore o te whatukuhu, whakaritea he wā kōrero ki tō tākuta. Kei roto i tēnei ko:

• He toto toto tiketike tōu (hypertension) .
• Ka kite koe i ngā panonitanga o ō tauira mimi (pēnei i te mimi pinepine, te iti o te putanga mimi, te mimi huka, te toto rānei i roto i tō mimi).
• Ka pāngia koe e te kohu roro , ka uaua rānei te arotahi.
• Kei te pāngia koe e te whakapairuaki, te ruaki rānei e mau tonu ana.
• Kua tāpaetia tō mate huka .
• He hītori whānau tōu mō te mate tākihi.
• He hītori whara tākihi tōu i mua (hei tauira, te ngoikore o te tākihi whakapeka).
• He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia e koe ngā rongoā whakamamae mamae momo NSAID .

Ki te pāngia koe e tētahi o ēnei tohu, kaua e warewaretia. Ko te mahi whakaaro nui ko te toro atu ki te tākuta i te wā tonu mō ngā tohutohu hauora ngaio.

Ngā Pātai hei Pātai atu ki tō Tākuta

Whakaarohia te matapaki i ēnei pātai mō te ngoikore o te whatukuhu me tō kaiwhakarato hauora:

• I pēhea te tautuhi tika i te ngoikore o taku whatukuhu?
• Mena ehara i te ngoikore o te whatukuhu, he aha atu ngā āhuatanga hei whakamārama i ēnei tohu?
• He aha te pūtake o te ngoikore o taku whatukuhu?
• Me hiahia ahau ki te dialysis?
• Ko tēhea tikanga dialysis e taunaki ana koe māku?
• He kaitono tika ahau mō te whakawhitinga whatukuhu?
• He aha ngā rongoā e taunaki ana koe?
• Me hanga e au he huringa motuhake ki taku kai, me te inu wai rānei?
• Kia pēhea te auau o taku haere ki ngā hui whai muri mai?

Āhea koe me whakaaro ki te Hospice Care mō te ngoikore o te whatukuhu?

He kōwhiringa whaiaro te whakatau i te wā e neke atu ai koe ki te tiaki hōhipera māu ake, mā tētahi rānei o tō whānau. Ka taea e tō rōpū hauora te āwhina i a koe ki te ārahi i te huarahi pai mō tō āhuatanga. Ko te whāinga matua o te tiaki hōhipera he whakarato i te whakamarie, te mana, me te tautoko i ngā wā o te ngoikore o te whatukuhu. I roto i te horopaki o te ngoikore o te whatukuhu, ka whakaarohia te hōhipera ina kore e whai hua ngā maimoatanga pēnei i te dialysis, te whakawhitinga rānei, kāore rānei e taea te whakamahi mā te tūroro.

Ko nga mea nui mai i Nirogi Lanka

He whekau nui ō whatukuhu e tātari ana i ngā para me te wai nui mai i tō tinana. Ko te ngoikore o te whatukuhu te tikanga kāore ēnei whekau e mahi ana i ā rātou mahi nui, ā, ka noho hei mea mōrearea ki te ora mēnā kāore he wawaotanga tika. Heoi, kaua e ngaro te tumanako; ko ngā kōwhiringa pēnei i te dialysis , i te whakawhitinga whatukuhu rānei ka āwhina i a koe ki te pupuri i te kounga pai o te oranga. Kei roto pea i tō mahere tiaki he rongoā me ngā whakarerekētanga kai motuhake. Me haere tonu ki ō wā tirotiro hauora. Mena he pātai, he āwangawanga rānei āu mō tō maimoatanga, ngā rongoā, ngā huringa momo noho, tetahi āhuatanga rānei o tō mahere tiaki, kōrero noa ki tō tākuta.

Ngā Kupumatua: Te ngoikore o te whatukuhu, Te mate whatukuhu, Te mate huka, Te toto toto tiketike, Te dialysis, Te whakawhitinga whatukuhu