Kia ako noa tātou mō ngā karere iti i roto i tō tātou tinana: (Ngā Neurotransmitters)?

Kei te pēhea koe? I ētahi wā ka tino harikoa koe, ā, i ētahi wā ka pōuri, ka riri rānei koe, tika? Kua waiho rānei koe kia rakuraku i tō mahunga i muri i te warewaretanga i tētahi mea i ako nui koe i roto i tētahi whakamātautau? Nā ngā karere iti engari he mea nui e mahi ana i roto i ō tātou tinana ēnei katoa. Ka kōrerohia e tātou i tēnei rā.

He aha ēnei (Ngā Pūwhakawhiti Neuro)?

He whakarāpopototanga noa iho, ko ngā neurotransmitters he momo karere matū e hiahiatia ana e ō tātou tinana . He rite rātou ki ngā tamariki nohinohi e mahi ana i roto i te tari poutapeta o tō tātou tinana. Ko tā rātou mahi he kawe i ngā tohu matū, i ngā karere rānei, mai i tētahi pūtau io (neuron) ki tētahi pūtau ūnga e whai ake nei. Ka taea e tēnei pūtau ūnga te noho hei pūtau io anō, hei pūtau uaua, hei repe rānei.

Kua kapi ō tātou tinana i tētahi whatunga io. Ka kiia tēnei ko te pūnaha io . He rite ki tētahi whatunga waea hiko e rere ana puta noa i te whenua. Ka tukuna, ka whiwhi hoki tēnei pūnaha io i ngā tohu hiko ki ngā wāhanga katoa o tō tātou tinana, mai i tēnā wāhanga, i tēnā wāhanga hoki. Ehara i te mea ko tāu e whakaaro ana, ko ō kare ā-roto, ko te nekehanga o ō uaua anake te mea e whakahaere ana, engari ko te mahi hoki o ō whekau. Arā, kei roto i ēnei io ngā mahi katoa e mahia ana, e whakaarohia ana, e pā ana ki ō kare ā-roto. Ka whiwhi, ka tuku kōrero hoki ō tātou pūtau io mai i te tinana katoa. Ko tēnei whakawhitiwhiti kōrero tonu te mea e āwhina ana kia pai te mahi a te tinana.

He aha ngā mea e whakahaerehia ana e ngā io me ngā neurotransmitters i roto i ō tātou tinana?

Tirohia te maha o ngā mahi a ēnei karere iti:

• Ka whakahaere i tō tere o te ngakau me te toto toto .
• Ka āwhina i a koe ki te manawa .
• Ka tika hoki ngā nekehanga o ngā uaua .
• He nui tō rātou pānga ki ō whakaaro, ki tō mahara, ki tō ako, me ō kare ā-roto . Whakaarohia, i ētahi wā ka tino harikoa tātou, i ētahi wā ka pouri, ka mataku. Kei roto rātou i ēnei mea katoa.
• Ka whakahaere anō hoki i ngā tukanga moe, te whakaora patunga, me te koroheketanga .
• Mā rātou e whakatau te urupare ki te ahotea . Ka āwhina ēnei tāngata ki te āhua o te urupare a te tinana ina mataku, ina manukanuka rānei tetahi.
• Ka whakahaere i ngā homoni .
• Ka whakahaere i te nakunaku, te hiakai, me te matewai .
• Ko rātou te hunga e aro atu ana ki ō tātou māia e rima (te tirohanga, te whakarongo, te pā, te pā, me te reka).

Me pēhea te mahi a ngā neurotransmitters?

E piriona ngā pūtau io kei roto i ō tātou tinana. He mea whakamiharo, kāore? Ki te tangohia tēnei pūtau io, e toru ngā wāhanga matua:

• Tinana pūtau: He mea tino nui tēnei mō te whakaputanga o ngā neurotransmitters me te mahi tika a te pūtau io.
• Ākona: He wāhanga roa, rite ki te hiku, o te neuron e kawe ana i ngā tohu hiko i te taha o te neuron ki te pito o te ākona.
• Te pūrua o te akiona:Koinei te wāhi e huri ai taua karere hiko hei karere matū. Ka āwhinahia tēnei e (Neurotransmitters). Kātahi ka tukuna tēnei karere matū ki te pūtau io, ki te pūtau uaua, ki te repe rānei e whai ake nei.

Kei te pito o te axon o te pūtau io ngā neurotransmitter transmitters. Kei roto i ngā pēke iti, angiangi, e kiia nei ko ngā synaptic vesicles . Tērā pea he mano tini ngā ngota neurotransmitter i roto i te pēke kotahi. Whakaarohia he rite ki ngā putea iti.

Ina haere tētahi karere, tētahi tohu rānei i roto i tētahi pūtau io, ka herea te neurotransmitter e te utu hiko i roto i taua tohu ki te kiriuhi o te pūtau io, i te pito tonu o te pūtau. Kātahi ka tukuna ngā neurotransmitter e kawe ana i te karere i waho o te pito axon. Ka tukuna tēnei ki tētahi wāhi iti kua kī tonu i te wai i waenganui i tētahi pūtau io me te pūtau ūnga e whai ake nei (tērā pea he pūtau io kē atu, he pūtau uaua, he repe rānei). He tino iti tēnei wāhi, iti iho i te 40 nanometer (nm). Ki te whakaarohia te iti o tēnei wāhi, tata ki te 75,000 nanometer te whānui o tētahi whenu o ō makawe.

Ko tēnei wāhi iti e kiia ana ko te hononga synaptic . Koinei te wāhi e kawe ai ngā neurotransmitters i te karere. Ka herea ia momo neurotransmitter ki tētahi kaiwhiwhi motuhake i runga i te pūtau ūnga. Pērā i te kī, ka taea anake te whakatuwhera mā te whakauru ki roto i tētahi kōhao kī motuhake. Kia herea, ka whakaoho te neurotransmitter i tētahi huringa, i tētahi mahi rānei i roto i te pūtau ūnga. Hei tauira, ka taea e ia te mea kia mura he tohu hiko i tētahi atu pūtau io, kia kōpiri te uaua, kia tukuna rānei he homoni e te repe.

He aha te momo karere ka tukuna e ngā neurotransmitters ki te pūtau ūnga?

Ka whakahaerehia e ēnei karere, e ngā neurotransmitters rānei, tētahi o ngā mahi matua e toru me ā rātou karere, i runga i te momo neurotransmitter e whai wāhi ana.

• Ngā karere whakaohooho: Ka "whakaohooho" ēnei momo neurotransmitters i tētahi pūtau io, ā, ka " tuku atu i te karere ." Arā, ka tukuna te karere ki te pūtau e whai ake nei. Hei tauira, ko te Glutamate , te Epinephrine, me te Norepinephrine .
• Ngā karere aukati: Ka whakamahia ēnei hei aukati, hei ārai rānei i te karere matū kei haere tonu. Ko ngā tauira o ēnei neurotransmitters ko te waikawa gamma-aminobutyric (GABA) , te glycine, me te serotonin.
• Ngā karere whakarerekētanga: Ka pāngia ēnei (ngā neurotransmitters) e ngā pānga o ētahi atu karere matū. Pērā i te "whakarerekē i a rātou." Arā, ka whakarerekētia e rātou te huarahi e kōrero ai ngā pūtau i te synapse. Waihoki, ka pāngia e rātou te tini o ngā pūtau io i te wā kotahi.

He aha te mea ka pā ki ngā neurotransmitters i muri i te tukunga o te karere?

Āe, kua tukuna e ngā neurotransmitters tā rātou karere. He aha te mea ka tupu i muri mai? Me wehe atu ēnei ngota i taua kapiti synaptic (te wāhi i waenganui i tētahi pūtau io me tōna pūtau ūnga e whai ake nei). Ki te kore, ka tukuna tonutia e rātou ngā karere, tika? E toru ngā huarahi matua e puta ai tēnei:

• Ka memeha haere (ka horapa) .
• Ka mimitihia anō, ka whakamahia anōtia e te pūtau io kotahi i tuku i a rātou (reuptake) , me te mea nei kei te hangaruatia.
• Ka wahia e te whākōkī i roto i te synapse (ka pirau) , ā, kāore e taea te here anō ki te pūtau kaiwhakawhiwhi.

E hia ngā momo neurotransmitters kei reira?

Kua kitea e ngā kaipūtaiao ināianei neke atu i te 100 ngā momo neurotransmitter. Ā, e whakaponohia ana he maha atu anō kei te kitea. Ka taea te whakarōpū i ēnei i runga i tō rātou āhua matū. Me titiro tātou ki ētahi o ngā kāwai tino nui e rangona pinepinetia ana e tātou, ngā tauira o ngā neurotransmitter e pā ana ki a rātou, me ā rātou mahi.

Ngā waikawa amino (Neurotransmitters)

He maha ngā mahi a ēnei (ngā neurotransmitters) o te pūnaha io.

• Glutamate: Koinei te neurotransmitter matua i roto i tō tātou pūnaha io. He nui rawa atu i roto i te roro. He mea nui mō ngā mahi hinengaro nui pēnei i te whakaaro, te ako, me te mahara. Kua honoa ngā kore taurite o ngā taumata glutamate ki te mate a Alzheimer , te mate wareware , te mate a Parkinson, me ngā mate hopuhopu .
• Waikawa Gamma-Aminobutyric (GABA): Ko te GABA te neurotransmitter matua e aukati ana i roto i tō tātou pūnaha io, inā koa i roto i te roro. Ka whakahaere i te mahi a te roro, ā, ka ārai i ngā raruraru pēnei i te manukanuka , te riri, te uaua ki te arotahi, te kore moe, te mate haurangi, me te pouri .
• Glycine: Ko Glycine te neurotransmitter matua e aukati ana i roto i tō tātou taurakira. Kei roto a Glycine i te tukatuka i ngā mōhiohio whakarongo, te tuku mamae, me te whakahaere i te pākia o te tinana.

Ngā Monoamine (Neurotransmitters)

He maha ngā mahi a ēnei (Neurotransmitters) i roto i tō tātou pūnaha io, inā koa i roto i te roro. Ka whakahaere rātou i te hinengaro, te tirohanga, te aro, me ngā kare ā-roto. He maha ngā mate o te pūnaha io e pā ana ki ngā āhuatanga rerekē o ēnei monoamines (Neurotransmitters). Waihoki, he maha ngā rongoā e whakamahia ana e tātou e pā ana ki ēnei (Neurotransmitters).

• Serotonin: He neurotransmitter te Serotonin. Ka āwhina te Serotonin ki te whakahaere i tō tātou wairua, i ngā tauira moe, i te moe tāne, i te manukanuka, i te hiahia kai, me te mamae. Ko ngā mate e pā ana ki te kore taurite o te serotonin ko:Te mate kare ā-wā, te manukanuka, te pouri, te fibromyalgia, me te mamae mau tonu. Ko ngā rongoā e rongoā ana i ēnei āhuatanga mā te whakahaere i te serotonin e kiia ana ko ngā SSRI (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) me ngā SNRI (Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors) .
• Histamine: Ka whakahaere te histamine i ngā mea pēnei i te mataara, te whanonga kai, me te hihiri i roto i te tinana. Ka uru te histamine ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te mate huango , te bronchospasm, te edema mucosal, me te multiple sclerosis .
• Dopamine: Kei roto te Dopamine i te "pūnaha utu" o tō tātou tinana. Ko te tikanga tēnei ko te rongo i te harikoa, te tino whakaohooho, me te ako. Ka āwhina hoki te Dopamine ki te aro, te mahara, te moe, te wairua, me te hihiri. Ko ngā mate e pā ana ki te ngoikore o te pūnaha dopamine ko te mate a Parkinson , te schizophrenia , te mate bipolar , te mate waewae kore okiokinga , me te mate aro kore mahi nui (ADHD) . He maha ngā raau taero whakawara (pēnei i te cocaine, te methamphetamine, me ngā amphetamine) e pā tika ana ki te pūnaha dopamine.
• Epinephrine: Ko te Epinephrine (e kiia ana ko te adrenaline) me te norepinephrine (he kōrero anō kei raro) ngā mea e whakaoho ana i te " tauhohenga whawhai-rere " a tō tātou tinana ki te wehi me te ahotea. Ka whakanui ake ēnei neurotransmitters i te tere o te ngakau, te manawa, te toto toto, te taumata huka toto, te rere o te toto ki ngā uaua, me tō tātou kaha ki te arotahi me te urupare ki ngā momo ahotea. Ki te nui rawa te epinephrine ka arahi pea ki ngā raruraru hauora pēnei i te toto toto tiketike, te mate huka, me te mate ngakau. Hei rongoā, ka whakamahia te epinephrine hei rongoā i te anaphylaxis (he mate pāwera kino), ngā whakaekenga huango, ngā whakaekenga ngakau, me ngā mate kino.
• Norepinephrine: Ka whakanuia e te Norepinephrine (e mōhiotia ana ko te noradrenaline) te toto toto me te tere o te manawa. E mōhiotia ana mō ōna pānga ki te mataara, te whakaohooho, te whakatau kaupapa, te aro, me te arotahi. He maha ngā rongoā (ngā rongoā whakaohooho me ngā rongoā ārai pouri) e mahi ana mā te whakanui ake i ngā taumata norepinephrine hei whakapai ake i te aro i roto i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te ADHD, mā te whakarerekē rānei i te norepinephrine hei whakaiti i ngā tohu o te pouri.

Ngā Peptide (Neurotransmitters)

Ko te peptide he momo polymer, he mekameka rānei, o ngā waikawa amino.

• Ngā Endorphins:Ko ngā endorphins ngā rongoā mamae tūturu o te tinana. Ka pāngia e rātou te āhua o te mamae. Ina tukuna ngā endorphins, ka whakaitihia te mamae, ā, ka puta he kare "pai". Ka taea te hono i ngā taumata iti o ngā endorphins ki te fibromyalgia me ētahi momo ānini.

Acetylcholine

He nui te mahi a tēnei neurotransmitter i roto i tō tātou pūnaha io matua (CNS - roro me te taurakira) me te pūnaha io taha (ngā io e toro atu ana i te pūnaha io matua). Ka tukuna te acetylcholine mai i ngā io maha i roto i tō tātou pūnaha io motuhake, e whakahaere ana i te tere o te ngakau, te toto toto, me ngā nekehanga o te puku. Kei roto te acetylcholine i te whakahekenga o te uaua, te mahara, te hihiri, te hiahia moepuku, te moe, me te ako. Ko ngā kore taurite o ngā taumata acetylcholine e hono ana ki ngā raruraru hauora pēnei i te mate a Alzheimer , te mate haurangi, me ngā uaua e pupuhi ana.

He aha ngā take kāore e mahi tika ai te neurotransmitter?

He maha ngā mea ka hē, ka kore ai e mahi tika ngā neurotransmitters. I te nuinga o te wā, he iti noa ngā raruraru pēnei i ēnei:

• He nui rawa, he iti rawa rānei te whakaputanga, te tukunga rānei o tētahi, neke atu rānei o ngā neurotransmitters.
• Kāore te kaiwhakawhiwhi i roto i te pūtau (io, uaua, repe rānei) e whiwhi ana i te karere e mahi tika ana . Nō reira, ahakoa te neurotransmitter e mahi noa ana, kāore e taea e ia te tuku tohu tika ki te pūtau e whai ake nei.
• Nā te mumura me te pakaru o te kapiti synaptic ka kore e taea e ngā kaiwhakawhiwhi pūtau te whiwhi i ngā neurotransmitters e ranea ana (hei tauira: he āhuatanga e kiia nei ko te myasthenia gravis ).
• (Ngā Pūnaha Whakawhiti Neuro) Te tango anō tere .
• Ka whakawhāitihia e ngā whākōkī te nui o ngā neurotransmitters , ka whakaitihia tō rātou haerenga ki te pūtau ūnga.

Ka pāngia pea ngā neurotransmitters e ngā raruraru o ētahi atu wāhanga o te pūnaha io, ngā mate kua pāngia, ngā rongoā rānei e tangohia ana e koe. Waihoki, ina kore e mahi tika ngā neurotransmitters, ka puta pea ngā mate. Hei tauira:

• Ka taea e te korenga o te acetylcholine te whakararu i te mahara, e kitea ana i roto i te mate a Alzheimer .
• Tērā pea ka hono te nui rawa o te serotonin ki ngā mate autism .
• Mā te pikinga ake o te mahi glutamate , mā te hekenga rānei o te mahi GABA ka puta he ahi ohorere, he nui rawa hoki o ngā neuron i roto i te roro, ka hua ake he haurangi .
• Ka puta te mania i te nui haere o te norepinephrine me te dopamine , me ngā āhuatanga rerekē o te tuku glutamate .Ka whai wāhi atu ki te āhuatanga.

He pēhea te pānga o ngā rongoā ki te mahi a ngā neurotransmitters?

Kua mōhio ngā kaipūtaiao ki te hiranga me te tūranga o ngā neurotransmitters i roto i tō tātou pūnaha io. Kua mōhio hoki rātou ki te hiranga o te whakawhanake i ngā rongoā ka taea te pā ki ēnei karere matū hei rongoā i ngā mate hauora maha. He maha ngā rongoā, inā koa ko ērā e rongoā ana i ngā mate roro, ka mahi mā te pā ki ngā neurotransmitters i ngā huarahi rerekē.

Whakaarohia, he rite ētahi tarukino ki ngā pirihimana huarahi. I ētahi wā ka kati i ngā rori hei whakaiti i te rere o ngā waka, i ētahi wā ka tukuna ngā motuka kia haere. He rite tonu te mahi a ngā tarukino ki ngā neurotransmitters.

Ka taea e ngā rongoā te:

• Āraia te whākōkī e wawahi ana i tētahi neurotransmitter, kia nui ake ai te neurotransmitter e tae atu ki ngā kaiwhakawhiwhi io.
• Hei tauira: Ka ārai a Donepezil, Galantamine, me Rivastigmine i te whākōkī acetylcholinesterase, e wawahi ana i te neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Ka whakamahia ēnei rongoā hei whakaū me te whakapai ake i te mahara me te mahi hinengaro i roto i te hunga e pāngia ana e te mate a Alzheimer me ētahi atu mate neurodegenerative.

• Āraia te taenga o te neurotransmitter ki tōna pae kaiwhakawhiwhi.
• Tauira: Ko ngā SSRI (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) he momo rongoā e aukati ana i te reuptake o te serotonin ki roto i ngā pūtau io. Ka taea e ēnei rongoā te āwhina i te rongoā i te pouri, te manukanuka, me ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora hinengaro.

• Āraia te tukunga o tētahi neurotransmitter mai i tētahi pūtau io.
• Tauira: Ko te Lithium, he rongoā e whakamahia ana hei rongoā i te mania, ka aukati i te tukunga o te norepinephrine, ki tētahi taumata. Ka whakamahia hei rongoā i te mate bipolar .

Ko te mea tino nui hei maumahara māu (Karere hei tango ki te kāinga)

Nō reira, kua mārama pea koe he mea nui ngā neurotransmitters hei kawe i ngā karere iti e pā ana ki te nuinga o ngā mahi o roto i tō tātou tinana. He māmā noa iho, ko ngā karere matū ēnei e kawe ana i te karere o te io mai i tētahi pūtau io ki tētahi atu. Ki te kore he neurotransmitters, kāore e taea e tō tātou tinana te mahi.

Ki te nui rawa, ki te iti rawa rānei o tētahi neurotransmitter ka pā mai ngā raruraru hauora. He maha ngā rongoā e tangohia ana e tātou ka whakanui, ka whakaiti rānei i te nui, i te mahi rānei o ēnei neurotransmitter.

Nō reira, ki te pāngia koe e te koretake o te hinengaro, ngā raruraru mahara, te kore moe, te kite rānei koe i tētahi panonitanga o tō whanonga, kaua e mangere ki te kōrero ki te tākuta. Tērā pea nā te panonitanga o te mahi a ēnei (ngā neurotransmitters). He maimoatanga tika kei reira mō tēnā.

Ko tāku tumanako mā te mōhio ki ēnei karere matū whakamiharo i roto i tō tinana ka āwhina i a koe kia mārama ake ai ki tō hauora!

Ngā kaituku io, te roro, te pūnaha io, ngā karere matū, te hauora hinengaro, ngā kare ā-roto