He panoni kei roto i tō pūmua? Me ako tātou mō te Seminoma?

Kua kite koe i tētahi mea rerekē, pērā i te pupuhi iti, ina titiro koe, ina pā atu rānei ki ō ure? He taimaha noa iho rānei tō puku, he mamae paku rānei? Kāore pea koe e aro nui ki ēnei mea. Heoi anō, me āwangawanga tātou mō ēnei huringa iti. I tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō tētahi mate ka tīmata me tētahi huringa pēnei, engari ka taea te rongoā pai mēnā ka kitea wawe. Ko te seminoma tēnā.

He aha te Seminoma? He mate pukupuku rānei?

He whakarāpopototanga noa iho, he pukupuku pūtau ira te seminoma . Ka puta i roto i tētahi, i ngā rua rānei o ō testicle. Ko te tikanga he momo matepukupuku testicular. Ka hangaia te parāoa o te tāne mai i ēnei pūtau ira. Nō reira, āe, he matepukupuku te seminoma.

He āhua whakamataku pea te rongonga i tēnei ingoa. He mea noa tēnā. Engari ko te rongo pai ko te seminoma he mate pukupuku ka taea te whakaora. Ki te rongoatia tika, he tino tūponotanga ka ora koe.

I ētahi wā, me tango pokanga te ure e pāngia ana hei rongoā. Heoi, kāore tēnei e pā ki tō kaha ki te moe tāne, ki te whai hua, ki te whānau tamariki rānei. Mēnā ka tangohia ngā ure e rua, ka taea tonu e koe te moe tāne. Mēnā kei te hiahia koe ki te whānau tamariki, ka taea e koe te whakamahi i te pēke parāoa, i ngā tikanga āwhina whānau uri rānei pērā i te IVF (In Vitro Fertilization).

Haunga ngā porotiti, he tino onge te puta o ngā seminoma i ētahi atu wāhanga o te tinana. Hei tauira:

• Te wāhi i roto i tō uma kei reira tō ngākau (mediastinum).
• Ko te wāhi i muri i te puku, arā, te wāhi kei reira ngā whatukuhu, e kiia ana ko te "retroperitoneum".

He aha ngā momo matua o te seminoma?

E rua ngā momo matua o te seminoma. Me titiro tātou ki ēnei momo:

1. Seminoma matarohia:

Ko te tikanga, ka pāngia tēnei momo e te hunga i waenga i te 25 me te 45 tau te pakeke. Ko te mea motuhake mō tēnei, kāore te taumata o te pūmua e kiia nei ko te 'Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)' i roto i te toto e piki ake ana. Ko te 'AFP' he pūmua e hangaia ana e te ate o te kukune i a ia e whanake ana i roto i te kōpū. Ko te taumata toto 'AFP' teitei i roto i te pakeke he tohu pea mō ētahi momo mate pukupuku, inā koa ko ētahi atu momo mate pukupuku testicular. Heoi, ki te mea he 'seminoma matarohia' tōu, kāore tō taumata 'AFP' i teitei ake.

2. Te seminoma parāoa:

Ko te tikanga ka pā tēnei momo ki te hunga neke atu i te 50 tau te pakeke. Ko te āhuatanga motuhake o tēnei momo ko tōna puhoi o te tipu. He iti hoki te tūponotanga o te horapa (metastasizing) ki ētahi atu wāhanga o te tinana.

He pēhea te noa o te seminoma?

Ko te mate pukupuku o te kōpū he mate onge – tata ki te kotahi i roto i te 250 tāne e pāngia ana. Heoi, e whakaatu ana ngā raraunga kei te piki haere te maha o ngā kēhi i ēnei rā. Ko te take matua mō tēnei ko te pikinga ake o ngā kēhi seminoma. Hei tauira, e ai ki ngā raraunga mai i te CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) i te United States, 54% o ngā mate pukupuku kōpū i kitea i waenga i te tau 2001 me te 2020 he seminoma.

Ko te mea nui, ahakoa he onge te mate pukupuku o te kōpū, koinei te mate pukupuku tino kitea i roto i ngā tāne taitamariki i waenga i te 15 me te 35 tau te pakeke. Nō reira, he mea nui kia mōhio ngā tāne o tēnei reanga ki tēnei. Ko te Seminoma te tikanga ka pā ki ngā tāne kei waenga i te 30 ki te 60 tau te pakeke.

He aha ngā tohu o te seminoma? Kei a koe anō ēnei tohu?

Ka rerekē ngā tohu o te seminoma i ia tangata, i ia tangata, engari he torutoru noa ngā tohu e kitea whānuitia ana.

Ngā tohu e kitea whānuitia ana:

• He puku, he pupuhi rānei i roto i te kiriuhi kore mamae: Koinei te tohu matua, ā, ko te mea tino kitea. He maha ngā tāngata ka kite i tēnei mā te tūpono, i a rātou e kaukau ana, e noho noa ana rānei.
• Te taumaha o ngā poro, te perineum, te scrotum rānei: Ka rite ki te mea kei te kī tonu tetahi mea i roto, ka taumaha ai.
• Te mamae o ngā rakuraku, te puku o raro, te kiriuhi rānei: Tērā pea kāore ētahi tāngata e mamae nui, engari he mamae puhoi pea, he mamae pūmau rānei.

He tino onge te puta o ēnei āhuatanga:

• Ko te mamae whakapeka he mamae koi, ohorere i roto i ngā raho.
• Te toto i roto i te purapura tāne (hematospermia).

I ētahi wā, ki te horapa te seminoma (metastasizes) ki ētahi atu wāhanga o te tinana, ko te tikanga ka tipu te mate pukupuku ka haere ki ngā wāhi i waho o ngā testicles, ka puta ngā tohu pēnei i:

• Ngā puku i roto i ngā kōpuku lymph i te kaki.
• Te maremare tonu.
• Te uaua ki te manawa (dyspnea).
• Whakapairuaki me te ruaki.
• Te toto o te puku.
• Te mamae o ngā wheua.

Mena kei a koe tētahi, ētahi rānei o ēnei tohu, ehara i te mea he seminoma tōu. Heoi, he pai ake te toro atu ki te tākuta me te tirotiro.

He mate pukupuku kino te seminoma e tere horapa ana?

I ngā wāhanga tōmua, kāore te seminoma i te tino kino, ā, kāore e horapa wawe. Engari i ētahi wā, ka tere te tipu. Koia te mea nui o te kitenga wawe. Mena ka kitea tō mate seminoma, ka tirotirohia koe e te tākuta i ia wā kia kite ai mēnā kua horapa, me pēhea hoki tōna āhua.

He aha i puta ai tēnei seminoma? He aha te take?

He ahua uaua tēnei. E ai ki tā mātou i kōrero ai i mua ake nei, ka hangaia te parāoa tāne mai i ngā pūtau ira. I te nuinga o te wā, ina tipu te tamaiti i roto i te kōpū, ka hangaia ēnei pūtau ira, ā, i roto i te tamaiti tāne, ka haere aua pūtau ki ngā rauropi ka huri hei parāoa.

Engari i roto i te tangata he seminoma, kāore ēnei pūtau ira e whanake hei parāoa, engari ka wehea, ka whakanuia i tētahi ara rerekē, ā, ka puta ko ngā pukupuku. Kāore anō kia tino mōhio ngā tākuta he aha i ētahi wā ka kore ai ēnei pūtau ira e whanake hei parāoa. Kei te haere tonu ngā rangahau.

Ko wai te hunga ka nui ake te tūponotanga ki te pāngia e te seminoma? (Ngā āhuatanga mōrearea)

Ka taea e te tangata whai porotiti te pāngia e te seminoma i ngā tau katoa. Heoi anō, kua kitea he nui ake te mōrearea o ētahi tāngata. Ko ētahi o ēnei ko:

• Tau: Ko te nuinga o te wā ko te hunga kei waenganui i te 30 me te 60 tau te pakeke.
• Iwi: Ahakoa e kī ana ngā raraunga o tāwāhi he nui ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia te iwi Pākehā e tēnei mate, me nui ake ngā rangahau hei whakatau me pēhea te pānga o tēnei ki a tātou i Sri Lanka.
• Hītori whānau: Mena kua pāngia koe e te seminoma i mua, mēnā rānei kua pāngia koe e te seminoma e tētahi mema o te whānau tata (pērā i te matua tāne, i te tungāne rānei), ka nui ake tō tūponotanga.
• Ngā rakuraku kāore i heke iho: Mena kāore tētahi, ngā rakuraku e rua rānei i heke tika ki roto i te kiriuhi i te wā o te tamarikitanga (ngā rakuraku kāore i heke iho, te cryptorchidism rānei), he take mōrearea anō hoki tēnā.

Me pēhea te mōhio mēnā he seminoma tōu? (Tauātanga)

Ki te rongo koe i tētahi mea rerekē i roto i ō kōpū, ko te mea tuatahi me mahi e koe ko te toro atu ki tētahi tākuta. Ko te tākuta te tangata ka taea te kī atu ki a koe mēnā he seminoma tōu. Ko tāna mahi i ēnei e whai ake nei:

• Ka arotakehia tō hītori hauora: Pātai atu mō ō mate o mua, mehemea rānei kua pāngia tētahi o tō whānau e ngā āhuatanga rite.
• Ka pātai mō ō tohumate: Ka pātai mō ō mamae, mō ngā huringa rānei e pāngia ana e koe.
• He whakamātautau tinana: Ka tirotirohia ō ure. Ka tirohia mēnā he puku, he pupuhi, he mamae rānei. Tērā pea ka tirohia anō hoki mēnā he pupuhi ngā kōpū waikura i roto i tō kaki, i ō ringaringa, i tō hope rānei.

Mena kei te whakapae te tākuta he mate pukupuku tōngāmimi tēnei, ka tūtohu ia i ētahi atu whakamātautau motuhake hei whakaū i te mate.

He aha ēnei whakamātautau motuhake?

Hei whakatau mēnā he seminoma tōu, ka tonoa pea e tō tākuta tētahi, ētahi rānei o ēnei whakamātautau:

• Te tirotiro i ngā kōpū: Koinei te whakamātautau nui tuatahi. He whakamātautau kore mamae tēnei e whakamahi ana i ngā ngaru oro hei whakaputa whakaahua tūturu o roto o ngā kōpū. Ka taea e ia te whakaatu mēnā he puku, he totoka, he wai rānei.
• Ētahi atu whakamātautau whakaahua:Tērā pea ka mahia he whakamātautau CT scan (Computed Tomography scan), he X-ray uma, he whakamātautau MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) rānei, hei tirotiro mēnā kua horapa te matepukupuku mai i ngā poro ki ētahi atu wāhanga o te tinana.
• Whakamātautau tohu pukupuku toto: He whakamātautau toto tēnei. Ka tukuna e ētahi pūtau matepukupuku, ngā pūtau hauora rānei hei whakautu ki te matepukupuku, ngā matū motuhake (ngā tohu pukupuku) ki roto i te toto. Ka rapua e tēnei whakamātautau te aroaro o ēnei tohu pukupuku i roto i te toto. I roto i ngā seminoma, ka inehia motuhaketia ngā taumata o te alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), te beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-HCG), me te lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Ka puta he momo me te nui o ngā tohu pukupuku rerekē i ngā momo rerekē o te matepukupuku testicular. Heoi, ko te whai taumata noa o ngā tohu pukupuku i roto i te toto ehara i te mea kāore he matepukupuku. Ko ētahi seminoma (ina koa ko ngā seminoma tawhito) kāore e whakaputa AFP.
• Orchiectomy: He mahi pokanga tēnei. Ka tangohia e te taote pokanga tō testicle katoa e pāngia ana, ka tukuna atu ki te tohunga mate pukupuku hei tirotiro mō ngā pūtau matepukupuku me te whakatau i te momo matepukupuku. Ka whakamahia te orchiectomy hei tātaritanga i te seminoma, ā, koinei hoki te maimoatanga matua.

Kia kitea he seminoma, ka whakatauhia e te tākuta te wāhanga o te mate pukupuku (te wāhanga o te mate pukupuku). Kei roto i tēnei ko te rahi o te pukupuku, mēnā kua horapa ki waho o te testicle, ki ngā kōpū lymph, ki ngā whekau tawhiti rānei. Mā tēnei wāhanga ka whakatauhia te huarahi maimoatanga e whai ake nei.

He aha ngā wāhanga o te seminoma?

Ka wehea e ngā tākuta te mate pukupuku o te kōpū, arā, ngā seminoma me ngā non-seminoma, ki ngā wāhanga 0 ki te 3. (Kāore he wāhanga 4, pērā i ētahi atu momo mate pukupuku.) Ki te kī ngāwari, ko te iti o te tau wāhanga, ko te nui ake o te rohe o te mate pukupuku, ā, ko te iti ake o te tūponotanga ka horapa. Kei ngā wāhanga 1 ki te 3 anō hoki ngā wāhanga iti (A, B, C, S rānei), e āwhina ana i a koe ki te mārama ake ki te āhua o te mate pukupuku.

Hei tāpiritanga, ka whakamahia hoki e ngā tākuta te pūnaha `TNM`. Ako atu:

• T (Puku): Te rahi o te puku me te mea kei roto i te rauropi, kua horapa rānei ki ngā kiko e karapoti ana.
• N (Pūnga): Mehemea kua horapa te matepukupuku ki ngā pūnga lymph kei muri o te puku, ā, kua pēhea te horapa.
• M (Metastasis): Mena kua horapa te mate pukupuku ki ngā whekau i tua atu i ngā kōpuku lymph (hei tauira, ngā pukahukahu, te ate, te roro, ngā wheua).
• S (Ngā Tohu Pukupuku toto): Ka whakaatuhia e ngā whakamātautau toto ngā taumata o ngā `tohu pukupuku` (`AFP`, `beta-HCG`, `LDH`).

Ka pōhēhē pea ēnei mōhiohio, ā, ka whakamataku pea. Heoi anō, he mea nui ēnei mōhiohio mā ō tākuta kia tika ai te tātaritanga i tō mate, kia whakamaheretia ai hoki te maimoatanga pai rawa atu māu.Ki te kore koe e mārama ki ēnei, kaua e wehi ki te pātai anō ki tō tākuta.

Me pēhea te rongoā mō te seminoma?

Ko te maimoatanga mō te seminoma e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā āhuatanga maha, tae atu ki te momo mate pukupuku (seminoma, non-seminoma rānei), te wāhanga, me tō hauora whānui.

Ko te maimoatanga tuatahi mō te nuinga o ngā wāhanga o te seminoma ko te tango i te inguinal orchiectomy . He tikanga pokanga tēnei. I roto i tēnei tikanga, ka tapahia e te taote he kōhao iti ki tō hope, ā, ka tangohia katoatia tō testicle e pāngia ana me te taura parāoa. Ehara i te mea ko te taura parāoa anake te ngongo e kawe ana i te parāoa mai i ngā testicle ki te ure, engari kei roto hoki ngā oko toto, ngā io, me ngā oko lymph e tuku toto ana ki ngā testicle. Ka hiritia e te taote ēnei oko toto me ngā oko lymph hei aukati i te horapa o ngā pūtau matepukupuku ki ētahi atu wāhanga o te tinana.

Ko ētahi atu maimoatanga i muri i te orchiectomy ka whakawhirinaki ki te taumata o tō mate pukupuku me ngā hua o te tirotiro i te pukupuku kua tangohia. Tērā pea kei roto i ēnei ko tētahi, neke atu rānei o ēnei:

• Te tirotiro kaha / Te tatari mataara: Mō te seminoma wāhanga tōmua (Wāhanga I), kāore he maimoatanga kē atu e hoatuhia i muri i te orchiectomy, ā, ka mahia ngā whakamātautau hauora auau (pēnei i ngā whakamātautau tinana, ngā whakamātautau toto, me ngā karapa CT) hei aroturuki tata mō te hokinga mai, te horapa rānei. I te nuinga o te wā, kua ora katoa te mate pukupuku i tēnei wā.
• Te rongoā matū: Ko te hoatu i ngā rongoā motuhake ki te tinana hei patu i ngā pūtau matepukupuku. Ka taea ēnei te tango hei pire, te hoatu rānei mā te uaua. Mena kua horapa te matepukupuku ki ngā kōpū lymph, ki ngā whekau tawhiti rānei, ka taea te hoatu te rongoā matū i muri i te tangohanga orchiectomy.
• Whakaora irahiko: Ka whakamahia ngā hihi-X kaha hei whakangaro i ngā pūtau matepukupuku. He tino tairongo ngā pūtau seminoma ki te irahiko. I mua, i tukuna te rongoā irahiko ki ngā kōpū lymph i muri i te tango i te orchiectomy mō te seminoma wāhanga II. Heoi, ko te chemotherapy te mea e pai ake ana ināianei nā te mea he iti ake ngā pānga taha. Heoi, kei te whakamahia tonu te rongoā irahiko i ētahi wā.

Mena he seminoma tōku, he aha taku e tumanako ai? (Te whakaoranga me te tirohanga whānui)

Koinei te rongo tino nui, tino whakamarie hoki. Mō te seminoma, he tino pai ngā hua ka puta. He mate tēnei e tino taea te rongoā:

• I te katoa, neke atu i te 95% te ōrau o te oranga mō ngā tau e rima.
• Ki te kitea wawetia, ā, kāore anō kia horapa te mate pukupuku ki tua atu i te rae (Wāhanga I), tata ki te 99% te tūponotanga o te ora.
• Ahakoa kua horapa ki ngā kōpū waikura tata (Wāhanga II), e 96% te tūponotanga ka ora.
• Ahakoa ka pāngia ngā wāhanga tawhiti o te tinana (Wāhanga III), neke atu i te 70% te ōrau oranga.

Nō reira, ka kite koe, ko te wawe o tō kitenga, ko te nui ake o te tūponotanga ka ora ake.

I muri i te maimoatanga mō te seminoma, ka hoatu e tō tākuta he mahere aroturuki mō te wā roa. Me tirotiro tonu koe i a koe anō puta noa i tō oranga hei tirotiro mēnā ka hoki anō te mate pukupuku. Kei roto pea i ēnei tirotiro ko:

• Te whakamātautau tinana o te rauropi o te taha ke.
• Tirohia ngā whakamātautau toto i ia wā mō ngā 'tohu pukupuku'.
• I ētahi wā, he pai te mahi X-ray o te uma, te matawai CT rānei.

He aha te tūponotanga ka mate koe i te seminoma?

E ai ki tā mātou i kōrero ai i mua ake nei, he tino ngāwari te rongoā i te seminoma. Heoi, pērā i ngā mate pukupuku katoa, he iti noa te tūponotanga ka mate. E ai ki te American Cancer Society, tata ki te kotahi i roto i te 5,000 tāngata e pāngia ana e te mate pukupuku testicular ka mate. Ko te tikanga he tino iti te reiti mate.

Ka taea te ārai i te seminoma?

Ina hoki, kāore anō kia kitea he huarahi kua whakamātauhia hei ārai i te nuinga o ngā mate pukupuku o te kōpū, tae atu ki te seminoma, nā te mea kāore anō kia tino mōhiotia e tātou te take o te whanaketanga.

Ahakoa kāore e taea te ārai, he nui te rerekētanga mā te kite wawe. Ko te huarahi pai ki te mahi i tēnei ko te tirotiro i ōu porotiti (whakamātautau-whaiaro porotiti - TSE) i te iti rawa kotahi i te marama . Ka taea e koe te pātai ki tō tākuta me pēhea te mahi i tēnei. He māmā noa iho pērā i te kaukau. Kātahi ka taea e koe te kite māu ake mēnā he huringa kei roto i tō rātou āhua, kei roto rānei he puku, he pupuhi, he mamae rānei. Ki te kite koe i tētahi puku, he huringa rānei o te rahi , kaua e mataku, me toro atu ki te tākuta tonu.

He mea pai hoki kia mahia ēnei mea hei whakaiti i tō tuponotanga ki te pāngia e te mate pukupuku whānui:

• Kati rawa te momi hikareti me te vape.
• Whakakorikori tinana kia kaha mō te 20-30 meneti pea i te iti rawa i te rā.
• Whakaurua he nui ngā hua hou, ngā huawhenua, ngā pīni, me ngā witi katoa ki roto i tāu kai.
• Ki te inu waipiro koe, whakawhāitihia.
• Kia mau ki te taumaha tinana hauora e tika ana mō tō teitei.

Me pēhea taku tiaki i ahau anō? (Te oranga hinengaro)

Ahakoa he pai te tere o te ora o te seminoma, he mea noa ki te tangata te mataku me te manukanuka ina rongo i te kupu "matepukupuku." Ina kitea e koe he matepukupuku tōu, ka pāngia pea koe e ngā momo kare ā-roto - te riri, te pōuri, te mataku, te pouri, te kore āwhina. Ahakoa he aha ō kare ā-roto, he mea noa, nō reira tukua kia rere aua kare ā-roto.

I ētahi rā ka tino māia koe, ka hihiko hoki. I ētahi atu rā ka rite koe ki te ngenge i ngā mea katoa. He mea nui kia whai wā koe ki te mārama ki ō kare ā-roto me te whakatau i aua kare ā-roto. Mā ēnei tohutohu koe e āwhina:

• Okiokinga: Ki te ngenge koe, whakangāwaritia tō tinana me tō hinengaro.
• Te Whakahaere Taumahatanga: Kimihia he huarahi hei whakahaere i tō ahotea e pai ana māu. Mā te whakakori tinana, te yoga, te whakaaroaro, te whai wāhi atu ki tētahi mahi whakangahau e pai ana ki a koe, te whakaora toi rānei.
• Kia mōhio: Kia mōhio koe ki tō āhua me tō maimoatanga. Ka taea e tēnei te whakaiti i te mataku koretake.
• Ngā rōpū tautoko: Tirohia ngā kaupapa whakaora i te mate pukupuku. Kimihia hoki he rōpū tautoko mō te hunga e pangia ana e te mate pukupuku o te kōpū. He puna kaha nui te kōrero ki te hunga kua pā ki ngā āhuatanga ōrite ki a koe.
• Tautoko mai i te hunga e arohaina ana e koe: Rapua te tautoko mai i tō whānau, i ō hoa tata, me te hunga e whakawhirinaki ana koe. Kōrerohia ō kare ā-roto ki a rātou.
• Tohutohu Ngaio: Mena e tika ana, kaua e mangere ki te rapu awhina i tetahi kaitohutohu, i tetahi tohunga hinengaro rānei.

Āhea ahau me toro atu ki te tākuta?

He mārama rawa tēnei. I roto i ōu poro:

• He puranga
• Pupuhi
• Rerekētanga rahi
• Hurihanga o te āhua
• Te mamae rerekē, te taumaha rānei
• Tētahi atu mea e rerekē ana ki a koe.

Ki te kite koe i tētahi mea pēnei, kaua e whakaroa, kaua hoki e wehi ki te toro atu ki tētahi tākuta. Kātahi ka taea e rātou te tātaritanga he aha te mate, ā, ka tūtohu i ētahi atu whakamātautau me te maimoatanga mēnā e tika ana. Ko te wawe o te kitenga, ko te angitu ake o te maimoatanga.

Mena kua rongoatia koe mō te seminoma, kia tirohia tonutia koe e tō tākuta kia aroturukitia ai tō hauora whānui, kia tirohia ai hoki mēnā ka hoki anō te mate pukupuku. Kaua e mahue.

He nui ake te mōrearea o te seminoma, te kore-seminoma rānei?

Ko ngā pukupuku pūtau ira e puta mai ana i roto i ngā testicle e wehea ana kia rua ngā momo matua: ko ngā seminoma me ngā non-seminoma. Ko ngā seminoma te nuinga o te wā ka pai ake te urupare ki te maimoatanga (ina koa ko te rongoā irahiko) i ngā non-seminoma. Tērā pea he maha atu i te kotahi te momo pūtau e hangaia ana i ngā non-seminoma, ā, he tere ake te tipu me te horapa i ngā seminoma. Heoi, he tino whai hua ngā maimoatanga o ngā momo e rua ināianei.

Ngā mea tino nui hei maumahara māu (Karere hei kawe ki te kāinga)

Kia maumahara he tino pai ngā hua o te seminoma ina rongoatia. He mate ka taea te whakaora i te nuinga o ngā wā. Heoi, he wheako whakarerekētanga ora, he wheako ahotea hoki te tautuhia he mate pukupuku tō te tangata.

He mea tino nui kia tiakina koe e koe anō.– Ehara i te mea ko te hauora tinana anake, engari ko te hauora hinengaro me te hauora kare ā-roto hoki. Kimihia ngā rōpū tautoko e mārama ana ki ōu āhuatanga, me te rapu āwhina mai i ō whanaunga. Mena he pātai āu, kaua e huna. Pātai atu ki te tākuta me te kore e huna. Ka taea e ia te whakautu i ō pātai katoa, me te taunaki i ngā otinga pai rawa atu māu.

Kaua e wareware, kāore koe i te mokemoke. Ina pāngia koe e tētahi āhuatanga pēnei, ko te tono āwhina me te rapu mōhiohio tōu kaha. Tiakina tō tinana i ngā wā katoa, me tirotiro i a koe anō i ia marama, ā, me rapu tohutohu hauora tonu mēnā ka kite koe i tētahi huringa. Ka taea e tēnei te hoatu he whai wāhitanga nui ki a koe ki te whakaora i tō oranga.

` Seminoma, matepukupuku o te kōpū, hauora o ngā tāne, ngā tohumate o te matepukupuku, te maimoatanga o te matepukupuku, te tango i te kōpū, te whakamātautau-ā-koe-o te kōpū