E mōhio ana koe ki te mate pukupuku o te pūtau hāripiri? Me kōrero tātou mō tēnei mate mamae!

Mena kei a koe te mate pūtau maripi, kua rongo pea koe, kua pāngia rānei e te mamae ohorere, kino. Koinei te mea e kiia nei e mātou he raruraru pūtau maripi. He wheako tino mamae, he tino whakararuraru hoki. Engari kaua e manukanuka, ka kōrerohia e mātou i tēnei rā.

He aha tēnei raruraru pūtau hāripiri?

Ki te whakarapopoto, ko te mate toto toto he mate toto toto iti ina piri ngā 'toto toto toto iti' o tō tinana, arā, ngā toto toto whero āhua toto toto iti, ki roto i tētahi oko toto, ka whakaroa, ka aukati rānei i te rere o te toto. Kei te mōhio koe, ko ō tātou toto toto whero ngā mea e kawe ana i te hāora puta noa i te tinana. Nō reira, ina pāngia koe e te mate toto toto toto iti, kāore ō kiko me ō whekau e whiwhi i te hāora e ranea ana. Ka taea e tēnei te whakararu i te mamae nui me ētahi atu raruraru .

Whakaarohia tēnei me te mea ka piri te paru iti ki roto i te paipa wai, ka puhoi te rere o te wai. Engari ko ngā mea e piri ana ki konei ko aua toto whero he āhua rite ki te maripi. Kāore ēnei e piko ngāwari pērā i ngā toto whero porowhita noa, ā, kāore e paheke i roto i ngā wāhi iti. Koia te take e ngana ai rātou ki te piri.

I ētahi wā ka taea te whakahaere i tēnei āhuatanga ki te kāinga, engari ki te kaha rawa ngā tohu, me noho pea koe ki te hōhipera mō ētahi rā hei rongoā.

He aha ngā momo mate pukupuku pūtau hāripiri?

E whā ngā momo matua o te mate pukupuku pūtau maripi. Me titiro tātou ki ēnei momo:

• Te raruraru o te toto: Koinei te momo tino noa. Ko te mea e tupu ana i konei ko te mau o ngā pūtau toto ki roto i ō uaua toto iti, ka whakaiti i te rere o te toto ki ō kiko me ō whekau. Koinei te take o te mamae nui. Ko ētahi atu momo ka pā ki ngā wāhanga motuhake o te tinana.

• Te raruraru āplastic: Koinei te wā ka mutu ohorere te hanga o ngā toto whero i roto i tō hinu wheua (te wāhi i roto i ō wheua e hanga ana i ngā pūtau toto). Ko te tikanga ka puta mai tēnei i ētahi mate huaketo, inā koa ko te parvovirus B19.

• Te raruraru toto nui rawa: Koinei te wā e heke ohorere ana te taumata o tō hemoglobin (te pūmua i roto i ngā toto whero e kawe ana i te hāora). Nā te tere rawa o te pakaru o ō toto whero. Ka taea hoki tēnei te tupu i muri i te whakawhiti toto, he maimoatanga noa tēnei mō te mate toto hāripiri.

• Te aukati i te whēkau: Koinei te wā e mau ai ngā pūtau maripi ki roto i tō whēkau (he okana kei te taha maui o runga o tō puku), ka nui haere te whēkau, ka pupuhi mamae . He tino morearea tēnei mō ngā tamariki nohinohi, nā te mea ka nui te toto ka kohia ki roto i te whēkau, ka iti te rahinga toto.

He aha ngā tohu o tēnei?

Ka rerekē pea ngā tohu o te mate pūtau hāripiri i runga i te wāhi o te tinana e pāngia ana. Ko ngā tohu noa ko:

• Pōuriuri.
• Ngenge rawa, ngenge.
• Te mamae o te upoko.
• Te kōwhai o te kiri me ngā kanohi (te whero o te kiri me ngā kanohi).
• Mamae (koinei te tohu matua, te tohu kino rawa atu hoki).
• Te uaua ki te manawa.
• Ngāwari.

Ka taea e te mamae o te mate pūtau maripi te puhoi, te koi, te wero, te wero rānei . Ka roa pea mō ngā hāora, ngā rā, ngā wiki rānei. Ka taea te mamae te puta ki ngā wāhi katoa o te tinana, i te wāhi kotahi, i ētahi wāhi rānei. Hei tauira:

• I roto i te ringaringa, i te nikau rānei.
• I roto i te uma.
• I roto i ngā waewae, i ngā waewae rānei.
• I te tuara o raro.
• I roto i te puku.

He aha i puta ai tēnei raruraru pūtau maripi?

Ka puta te mate pūtau toto marino ina huihui ngā pūtau toto whero āhua marino, ka ārai i tētahi oko toto. Heoi, kāore ngā tohunga e mōhio tonu ana he aha te take o tēnei.

Heoi anō, kei reira ētahi āhuatanga ka whai wāhi ki tēnei āhuatanga:

• Te matewai : Ina kore he wai i te tinana, ka matotoru te toto, ā, ka nui ake te tūponotanga ka āraihia ngā pūtau.
• Te haere ki ngā teitei (nā te mea he iti ake te hāora i ngā teitei).
• Ngā mate urutā : Ngā mate urutā katoa, pērā i te makariri, te rewharewha rānei.
• Te haputanga.
• Te momi hikareti, te vape rānei.
• Te mahi tinana tino uaua rawa.
• Te ahotea : Te nui rawa o te manukanuka me te wehi.
• Ngā huringa ohorere o te pāmahana (hei tauira, te kaukau matao i muri i te noho i roto i te taiao tino wera).
• Te korenga o ētahi huaora, hei tauira, te folate.

He aha ngā raruraru ka pā mai i tēnei?

Ko te kaha o te mate pukupuku toto ka whakawhirinaki ki te wāhi kei reira te oko toto kua āraia. Mena ka āraia ngā oko toto i roto i ō kiko, i ō whekau rānei, ka puta ngā raruraru pēnei i:

• Te mate pūkahukahu ohorere : He mate kino tēnei, he mate morearea ki te ora e puta ana i roto i te uma. Ko ngā tohu ko te kirika, te mamae o te uma, me te uaua ki te manawa.
• Ngā toto totoka.
• Mamae mau tonu (mamae tonu).
• Te whakanui i te ate me ētahi atu mate e pā ana ki te ate.
• Ngā patunga kore-ora i runga i ngā waewae.
• Mate ate.
• Ngā mate pūkahukahu, hei tauira, te toto toto tiketike.
• Necrosis : Te matenga o te wheua, o te kiko rānei nā te ngaronga o te rere o te toto (ina koa i ngā wāhi pēnei i te hope).
• Te mamae o te whakatūnga o te ure (e kiia ana ko te 'priapism' i roto i ngā tāne).
• Te whiu : Ka puta mai i te aukati, i te pakaru rānei o te oko toto e tuku toto ana ki te roro.

Me pēhea koe e mōhio ai ki tēnei?

Mena kei a koe te mate pūtau maripi, tera pea kua kite koe i tō tākuta i ia ono marama, i te kotahi rānei i te tau mō ngā whakamātautau toto. Engari ki te mea he mate pūtau maripi tōu, me whai koe i tētahi huinga whakamātautau taiwhanga katoa. Kei roto pea i ēnei:

• Te whakamātautau momo toto (mēnā me whakawhiti toto koe).
• CBC (Tau Toto Katoa) : Ka ine tēnei i ngā taumata o te hemoglobin me te maha o ngā toto whero me ngā toto mā.
• CMP (Paewhiri Pūnaha Whakaora Katoa) : He huinga whakamātautau whānui mō te pākia o te tinana e titiro ana ki te mahi a ngā whekau pēnei i ngā whatukuhu me te ate.
• Ngā whakamātautau mahi ate .
• Te tatau o ngā retikulosit : Ka ine tēnei i te maha o ngā toto whero hou kua hangaia. Ka taea e tēnei te whakaatu i te pai o te mahi a te hinu wheua.

Hei tāpiri, ka whakahaerehia pea e tō tākuta he whakamātautau tinana me ngā whakamātautau whakaahua katoa pēnei i:

• Te orooro Doppler : Tirohia te rere o te toto i roto i ngā oko toto.
• MRI : Ina koa mēnā kei te whakapaetia he mate pēnei i te whiu.
• Ultrasound : Hei tirotiro i ngā mea pēnei i ngā whekau o te puku me te whēkau.
• X-ray o te uma : Hei tirotiro i tētahi āhuatanga pēnei i te mate pūkahukahu ohorere.

Me pēhea te rongoā?

Mena he mate pukupuku tōu, me rongoā pea koe mō ngā mamae hei āwhina i te whakahaere i ngā tohumate. Mō ngā take ngawari, ka taea e koe te whakahaere i tēnei i te kāinga mā te whakamahi i ngā rongoā ka taea te hoko kore rongoā pērā i te acetaminophen (hei tauira, Panadol®, Tylenol®) ibuprofen rānei (hei tauira, Advil®, Brufen®).

Heoi, mēnā he nui te mamae, me noho pea koe ki te hōhipera mō ētahi rā. Kātahi ka taea e ngā tākuta te hoatu ki a koe he rongoā whakamamae kaha (pēnei i te morphine), he wai werohanga (kia pai ai te rere o tō toto), me te hāora mēnā e tika ana.

Hei tāpiritanga, he rerekē te maimoatanga mō te mate pūtau maripi i runga i ngā wāhanga tinana e pāngia ana me te kaha o ngā tohu. Ka whakamahia pea e ngā tākuta ngā rongoā, ngā whakawhiti toto, ngā whakawhitinga wheua, ngā huinga rānei o ēnei maimoatanga.

Ngā rongoā mō te whakahaere roa

He maha ngā momo rongoā e whakamahia ana e ngā tākuta hei whakahaere i ngā mate pukupuku roa, hei whakaiti hoki i te auau o te puta mai:

• Hydroxyurea: Ka whakanuia e tēnei rongoā ō toto whero, ka whakapiki ake i tō rātou kaha ki te piko, ā, ka whakanuia hoki tētahi momo hemoglobin e kiia nei ko te fetal hemoglobin. Ka whakaitihia te totoka o ngā pūtau.
• Crizanlizumab `(Crizanlizumab)`:He momo paturopi monoclonal tēnei. Ka taea e ia te ārai i te piri o ō toto whero ki ngā pakitara o ō uaua toto.
• L-glutamine: He waikawa amino tēnei e āwhina ana ki te whakaiti i te kino o ngā toto toto whero.
• Voxelorator: Mā tēnei rongoā ka ārai i te werowero me te piri o ō toto whero.

Ngā whakawhiti toto

Tērā pea ka whakamahia e ngā tākuta ngā whakawhiti toto hei rongoā i ngā mate pūtau toto aplastic, hyperhemolytic rānei. Ka taea e tēnei maimoatanga te whakakī anō i ō toto whero hauora, me te whakaiti i tō tūponotanga ki ngā raruraru pūtau toto toto. Tērā pea me nui ake te whakawhiti toto mō ētahi tāngata.

Ngā whakawhitinga

Ko te whakawhitinga wheua wheua, ko te whakawhitinga pūtau take rānei, koinei anake te huarahi hei whakaora i te mate pūtau maripi i ētahi wā. Heoi, ka roa pea te kimi i tētahi kaituku e ōrite ana (pērā i te tuakana/teina). Waihoki, ka pā mai ētahi atu raruraru nui i ngā whakawhitinga wheua wheua, pērā i te mate graft vs. host (GvHD). Nā konei, he onge te mahi a ngā tākuta i ngā whakawhitinga wheua wheua ina rongoatia ana ngā raruraru pūtau maripi. Engari, ko te whāinga matua he rongoā i ō tohu me te whakamamae i tō mamae.

Ka taea te ārai i tēnei?

Kāore e taea te ārai i ngā mate pukupuku o te pūtau maripi i ngā wā katoa. Heoi anō, kei reira ētahi mea hei āwhina i te whakaiti i te mōrearea:

• Āta karohia te momi hikareti.
• Ki te mea kei roto koe i te taiao makariri, kakahuria he kākahu mahana. Ka taea e te makariri te whakawhāiti i ngā uaua toto, ā, ka puta he raruraru nui.
• Whakaitihia, kati rawatia rānei te inu waipiro . Ka taea e te waipiro te pupuri wai.
• Inuhia kia 8-10 karāhe wai i te rā (kia mau tonu te wai i roto i te tinana).
• Tangohia ngā papa waikawa folic i ia rā hei whakanui ake i te hanga o ngā pūtau toto whero (me mahi tēnei i runga i ngā tohutohu a te tākuta).
• Horoia ō ringaringa ki te hopi i ngā wā katoa hei whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te mate.
• Me whiwhi i ngā werohanga katoa e hiahiatia ana i te wā tika (hei tauira, te werohanga rewharewha, te werohanga niumōnia).
• Kaua e whakakorikori tinana tino kaha, engari he pai te whakakorikori tinana taurite.
• Kimihia ngā huarahi hei whakaiti i te ahotea (hei tauira, te yoga, te whakaaroaro).

Me pēhea taku tiaki i ahau anō (ina puta he āhuatanga ohorere)?

Mena kei a koe, kei tētahi rānei e tata ana ki a koe, he mate pukupuku toto, mā te mahi i ēnei mea ka āwhina i te whakamamae i ngā tohu:

• Kia mahana. Mā te kaukau wera, te whakatakoto rānei i tētahi papa whakamahana ki te wāhi mamae ka whānui ake ō uaua toto, ka pai ake hoki te rere o te toto. Ka āwhina hoki te wera ki te whakamarie i ngā uaua mamae.(Kaua e tāpirihia he tio. Ka taea e te makariri te whakaoho i te mamae nui. Nō reira, he pai ake kia noho mahana tonu.)
• Inumia he nui te wai. Ina nui te wai e inuhia ana e koe, ka iti ake te piri o ngā toto whero, ā, ka māmā ake te neke haere i roto i ngā awa toto.
• Mirimirihia. Ka taea e te mirimiri mārie te whakanui ake i te rere o te toto, te whakangāwari i ngā uaua, me te whakaiti i te mamae.
• Whakaharatauhia te aroātahi. Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau mā te arotahi i tō hinengaro ki tētahi whāinga kotahi mō te wā poto ka āwhina i te whakararuraru i tō roro me te whakaiti i te mamae e pā ana ki te mate pūtau maripi. Ahakoa he mea noa pēnei i te arotahi ki tō manawa ka taea te āwhina.
• Tangohia ngā rongoā whakamamae mamae ka taea te hoko kore utu. Kei roto i ēnei ko te paracetamol, ibuprofen, naproxen rānei (hei tauira, Aleve®). Engari kaua e nui atu i te mea kua tohua e tō tākuta.

Āhea koe me haere ki te Wāhanga Maimoatanga Ohotata (ETU) ?

Mena kei a koe ētahi o ēnei tohu, haere tonu ki te Tari Mate Urutā (ETU) tata :

* Mena ka pāngia koe e te mamae ohorere, nui, e kore nei e taea te whakahaere mā te rongoā kāinga.

* Te uaua ki te manawa, te mamae rānei o te uma.

* Te kirika nui (neke atu i te 38.3°C, neke atu rānei i te 101°F).

* Te ngoikore ohorere, te uaua ki te kōrero, te piko o tetahi taha o te mata (ngā tohu o te whiu).

* Te mamae nui o te puku, te pupuhi rānei.

* Mena ka piki ake te kiri mākūkū.

* Mō ngā tāne, he ure mamae e roa ana mō te neke atu i te 4 hāora.

Kaua e whakaroa. Mā te tīmata wawe i te maimoatanga ka whakaiti i te tūponotanga o ngā raruraru mō te wā roa.

Ngā mea tino nui me maumahara koe

Mena kei a koe te mate pūtau maripi, ka āhua āwangawanga pea te whakaaro ki tētahi raruraru nui. Ka taea e ēnei āhuatanga te whakaputa i ngā tohu kino me ngā raruraru mō te wā roa. Mena kua pāngia koe e te mate pūtau maripi, e mōhio ana koe ki te utu nui o te wā.

Ki te kore ō tohu e pai ake mā te rongoā mamae e hokona ana i waho o te tākuta, mā te rongoā kāinga rānei, kua tae ki te wā ki te toro atu ki tō tākuta. Kei konei rātou hei āwhina. Kaua e wehi ki te kōrero ki tō tākuta mō tō āhua. Ko te maimoatanga wawe te mea pai. Mahi tahi me tō tākuta ki te whakawhanake i tētahi mahere whakahaere mamae e pai ana māu.

Te mate pukupuku toto, te mate pukupuku toto, ngā pūtau toto whero, te mamae, ngā oko toto, te hāora