Ina rongo tātou i te kupu pokanga uma, he tokomaha te hunga e mataku ana. He mea noa iho tēnei. Nā te mea kei roto i tō tātou uma ngā whekau e whai tikanga ana ki te ora, pērā i te ngākau me ngā pukahukahu. Nō reira, ehara i te mea rerekē te mataku ina rongo tātou i te kupu pokanga i tētahi wāhi pēnei. Kaua e manukanuka, i tēnei rā ka kōrerohia e tātou ngā mea katoa i roto i te huarahi māmā noa iho, i roto i te huarahi e mārama ai koe.

He aha tonu te pokanga uma?

Ki te kī māmā noa, ka uru atu ngā pokanga katoa e mahia ana ki tō uma (uma) ki tēnei wāhanga. Ina whakaarohia te uma, ka puta tonu mai te ngākau ki te hinengaro, engari kāore ēnei pokanga i te herea ki te ngākau anake. Hei tāpiri, he maha atu anō ngā pokanga e pā ana ki ngā okana ka uru atu ki tēnei wāhanga.

Whakaarohia, i mahia ngā pokanga mō ngā raruraru okana pēnei i ēnei:

• Ngā Pūkahukahu: He pokanga mō ngā pukupuku, te mate pukupuku, ētahi atu mate rānei i roto i ngā pūkahukahu.
• Te korokoro: Ko te ngongo e kawe ana i te kai e kainga ana e tātou ki te puku.
• Te pūhā: Ko te ngongo matua e mā roto ai tātou i te manawa.
• Diaphragm: Ko te uaua nui e wehe ana i te uma me te puku.
• Pakitara o te uma: Kei roto i tēnei ko ngā rara, te wheua uma i waenganui, me ngā uaua e karapoti ana i a ia.
• Mediastinum: Koinei te wāhi i waenganui i ngā pukahukahu. Kei roto ngā mea pēnei i te ngākau me ngā uaua toto nui.

Kua mārama pea koe ināianei ki te whānuitanga o tēnei.

E rua ngā tikanga pokanga.

E rua ngā huarahi matua e whakahaerehia ai ēnei pokanga e ngā tākuta. Kei runga i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i tō āhua hauora me te āhua o te pokanga.

1. Pokanga Tuwhera: Ko te tikanga he tapahi nui, me te whakatuwhera i te uma. E hiahiatia ana tēnei tikanga mō ētahi pokanga uaua.

2. Pokanga Whakaiti i te Urunga: Koinei te tikanga tino matatau i nāianei. Engari i te tapahi nui, he torutoru noa ngā tapahi iti rawa ka mahia. Ka whakaurua he kāmera iti ki roto i te uma mā te tapahi kotahi. Kātahi ka whakaurua ngā taputapu angiangi, roa mā roto i ētahi atu tapahi, ā, ka whakahaerehia e te tākuta te pokanga me te mātakitaki i ngā whakaahua mai i te kāmera. Ka kiia tēnei tikanga ko te "pokanga VATS" ina mahia ki te uma, ā, ko te "pokanga laparoscopic" ina mahia ki te puku. I ētahi wā, ka honoa ēnei taputapu me te kāmera ki tētahi karetao, ā, ka whakahaerehia e te tākuta te karetao, ka mahia te pokanga.

He aha ngā momo mate e rongoatia ana e ēnei pokanga?

E whakamahia ana ēnei pokanga hei rongoā i ngā mate maha e pā ana ki te uma me te puku o runga. Me titiro tātou ki ēnei mea.

He aha ngā pokanga e tino mahia ana? He kino rawa ēnei?

E rua ngā pokanga uma e tino whakamahia whānuitia ana i Sri Lanka, me te ao whānui hoki.

1. Te Tāruatanga o te Arorangi Koronari (CABG): Koinei te "tāruatanga" e mōhiotia ana e tātou katoa. Koinei te pokanga ngākau e tino mahia ana i te ao.

2. Te tango i te pūkahukahu: He pokanga tēnei hei tango i tētahi wāhanga (pūkahukahu) o te pukahukahu. He maha ngā wā ka mahia mō ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te mate pukupuku pukahukahu.

Tērā pea kei te pātai koe, he tino kino ēnei pokanga? Ae, he pono, ko te nuinga o ngā pokanga uma he pokanga nui, he pokanga uaua. Ko te take o tēnei, e ai ki tā tātou i kōrero ai i mua ake nei, he mea nui te ngākau me ngā pukahukahu mō te mahi a te tinana.

He aha ngā mea ka tupu i mua i te pokanga? Me pēhea tā tātou whakarite?

He wā kei mua i te pokanga ka tirotirohia koe. Ko te mahi tēnei kia kite ai me pēhea te pai o te manawanui o tō tinana ki te pokanga.

• Ngā whakamātautau noa: Ka mahia ngā whakamātautau toto me te mimi mā te katoa.
• Mō ngā pokanga e pā ana ki te ngākau: Ka taea te whakahaere i ngā whakamātautau ECG, Echo, me ngā angiogram hei tirotiro i te mahi a te ngākau.
• Mō ngā pokanga pukahukahu: Ka mahia ngā hihi-X o te uma, ngā karapa CT, me ētahi atu. Ka tukuna atu hoki he whakamātautau motuhake ki a koe e kīia nei ko ngā "whakamātautau mahi pukahukahu" hei tirotiro i te pai o te mahi a ō pukahukahu. I ētahi wā, me tango pea he wahi kiko iti mai i ō pukahukahu hei whakamātautau ("Biopsy"").

Ka whakaritea tō pokanga e te taote pokanga i runga i ngā hua o ēnei whakamātautau katoa.

Anei ngā mea hei whakarite māu:

He wāhanga tino nui tēnei. Ka nui te pānga o tō whakarite tika ki te angitu o te pokanga.

• Kōrerotia ki tō tākuta ngā rongoā katoa e tangohia ana e koe (ngā rongoā i tohua mai e te tākuta me ngā rongoā i hokona mai i te whare rongoā, tae atu ki ngā rongoā whakamamae mamae me ngā huaora).
• Tērā pea ka tono atu tō tākuta kia mutu te tango i ētahi rongoā (ina koa ko ngā rongoā whakaiti toto) i ētahi rā i mua i tō pokanga. Kaua rawa e mutu te tango i tētahi rongoā me te kore he tohutohu a tō tākuta.
• He mea tino nui tēnei: ​​Ki te mea he kaipaipa koe, me mutu te kaipaipa i te iti rawa i te kotahi marama i mua i te pokanga o ōu pūkahukahu. Kua kitea mēnā kāore koe e kaipaipa mō te kotahi marama i muri i te pokanga, ka taea e koe te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o ngā raruraru e pā ana ki te patunga mā te haurua.
• Me mutu te kai me te inu i te pō i mua i te pokanga, i te wā rānei e tohua ana e tō tākuta.
• Hangaia he mahere mō tō whakaoranga. Whakaritea i mua i te wā kia hoki mai tētahi ki te kāinga mai i te hōhipera, me tētahi hei āwhina i a koe mō ētahi rā i muri i tō taenga ki te kāinga. He whakaaro pai hoki kia taka kai i mua i te wā, ā, kia rongoatia ki roto i te pouaka tio.

He aha ngā mea ka tupu i te wā o te pokanga?

I muri i tō haria ki te rūma pokanga, ka hoatu e te tohunga whakamoe he rongoā mā roto i te cannula hei whakamoe i a koe. Kātahi ka whakaurua he ngongo hei āwhina i a koe ki te manawa. I roto i ētahi pokanga nui o te ngākau, ka tangohia e te mīhini e kiia nei ko te "mīhini ngākau-pūkahukahu" te mahi a tō ngākau me ō pūkahukahu i te wā o te pokanga.

Kātahi ka mea te taote pokanga:

1. E ai ki te whakamahere, ka mahia ngā tapahi e tika ana mā te whakamahi i tētahi tikanga tuwhera, tikanga iti rawa rānei te whakaekenga. Ka taea te whakatuwhera i te uma mā te tapahi i te sternum (sternotomi) i waenganui rānei i ngā rara e rua (thoracotomy).

2. Ka whakatikahia te okana raruraru, ka tangohia, ka whakatōkia rānei tētahi okana hou.

3. Tirohia marietia mēnā he toto e puta ana.

4. Hei whakamutunga, ka tuia ngā tapahi katoa kia katia.

He aha ngā mea hei tumanakohia i muri i te pokanga?

I muri i te pokanga, ka ara ake koe i te wāhanga tiaki nui (ICU) i te rūma whakaora rānei.

• Kia tīmata pai tō manawa, ka tangohia te ngongo manawa.
• Tērā pea ka whakatakotoria tētahi, neke atu rānei, o ngā paipa waikeri uma hei tango i te wai mai i te uma. Tērā pea ka whakatakotoria hoki he katitere hei kohi mimi.
• Kia tau tō āhua, ka whakawhitia koe ki tētahi wāhanga noa.
• He mea tino nui kia ara ake koe i te moenga, kia tīmata ai te hikoi i te wā e taea ai, me te āwhina a ngā nēhi. Mā rātou hoki koe e ako ki ngā mahi manawa hei āwhina i te whakawhānui anō i ō pukahukahu.
• Ka taea e koe te hoki ki te kāinga ina oti i a koe ngā whāinga i whakatakotoria e tō tākuta (pēnei i te hikoi pai, te whakahaere mamae). Ko te tikanga ka roa tēnei i waenganui i te 3 ki te 10 ngā rā, i runga i te āhua o te pokanga.

Kia pēhea te roa o te wā e ora ai?

He rerekē rawa atu hoki tēnei i runga i te pokanga i mahia ki a koe. Tērā pea ka tere te ora o te pokanga iti rawa te whakaekenga. Heoi, ka roa pea te kotahi marama, neke atu rānei , kia tino ora ai i muri i te pokanga tuwhera.

I te nuinga o te wā, kāore koe e whakaaetia kia taraiwa mō te marama pea i muri i te pokanga. Ka tonoa hoki koe kia whakawhāiti i te hiki taumaha mō te ono wiki pea.

He aha ngā painga me ngā mōrearea o ēnei pokanga?

Ko te painga matua ko te taea e ēnei pokanga te whakaora i tō oranga, te whakaroa rānei i tō roanga o te ora. Ka taea hoki e rātou te whakapai ake i tō kounga o te oranga mā te whakapai ake i te mahi a tō ngākau, a tō pukahukahu rānei. Ka taea hoki e rātou te āwhina i ngā mea pēnei i te uauatanga o te horomi me te whakangawari ake i te oranga o ia rā.

Pērā i ngā pokanga katoa, he mōrearea anō hoki kei roto i ēnei pokanga.

• Ngā mate urutā, inā koa te niumōnia.
• Te hinganga o te pūkahukahu.
• Ngā toto totoka.
• Te pouri.
• Ngā pāorooro o te ngakau kāore i te ōrite.
• Mate ngakau.
• Te pupuhi o te pūkahukahu.

Ka whakamāramahia e tō tākuta ēnei mōrearea ki a koe i mua i te pokanga.

Ngā āhuatanga e hiahia ana koe ki te toro atu ki te tākuta tonu

Ki te puta ēnei tohu i muri i tō hokinga ki te kāinga, waea atu ki tō tākuta i te wā e taea ai, haere rānei ki te Tari Ohotata (ETU) o te hōhipera.

• Te mamae nui o te uma.
• Te uaua ki te manawa.
• Te toto, te pūhā rānei e turuturu ana mai i te patunga.
• Kua pupuhi te patunga, ā, kua whero.
• Te kirika, kāore he take.