Ka mataku te katoa ina rongo i te kupu pokanga uma, tika? He tika tēnei wehi nā te mea kei roto i te uma ngā whekau nui pērā i te ngākau me ngā pukahukahu. He tokomaha e whakaaro ana ko ngā pokanga ngākau anake tēnei. Engari he whānui ake te kaupapa "Pokanga Uma". Nō reira, me kōrero taipitopito tātou mō tēnei mea.
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He aha te pokanga uma?
Ki te kī ngāwari, ko ngā pokanga katoa e mahia ana i roto i te kōhao o tō uma ) ka taka ki tēnei kāwai. Ae, ko te ngākau te okana tino nui o te uma, engari kāore ēnei pokanga i te herea ki te ngākau anake. Whakaarohia, ko ngā pokanga e mahia ana i runga i te maha atu o ngā okana nui i roto i tō uma ka taka ki tēnei kāwai.
Hei tauira:
- Te korokoro: Ko te ngongo e kawe ana i te kai e kainga ana e tātou ki te puku.
- Te pūhā: Ko te pūhā matua e manawa ai tātou.
- Diaphragm: Ko te uaua e wehe ana i te uma me te puku, ā, e āwhina ana hoki ki te manawa.
- Pakitara o te uma: Ko ngā rara, ko te sternum (te wheua o waenganui o te uma), me ngā uaua e karapoti ana.
- Mediastinum: Ko te wāhi i waenganui i ngā pukahukahu kei roto ngā mea pēnei i te ngākau, ngā oko toto nui, me te trachea.
He aha ngā tikanga pokanga?
E rua ngā huarahi matua ka taea e ngā tākuta te mahi i ēnei pokanga.
1. Pokanga Tuwhera: I tēnei, ka mahia te pokanga mā roto i tētahi tapahi nui ake.
2. Pokanga Whakaiti i te Urunga: Koinei te tikanga hou e whakamahia whānuitia ana i ēnei rā. I konei, ka tapahia e ngā taote pokanga ētahi tapahi iti, ka whakauruhia he kāmera iti ki roto i te uma mā roto i aua tapahi. Ka tirohia ngā whakaahua mai i te kāmera i runga i te mata tirotiro, ā, ka whakauruhia ngā taputapu tino pai mā roto i ētahi atu tapahi iti hei mahi i te pokanga.
- Ina mahia ki te uma, ka kiia tēnei ko te VATS (Pokanga Thoracoscopic Āwhina Ataata) .
- Ina mahia ki te puku, ka kiia tēnei tikanga he pokanga laparoscopic .
- I ētahi wā ka whakamahia ēnei kāmera me ngā taputapu mā te āwhina o tētahi karetao. Engari kia maumahara, ko te tākuta anake te kaiwhakahaere o te karetao.
He aha ngā mate e rongoatia ana e te pokanga uma?
Ka rongoatia e ēnei pokanga ngā momo mate e pā ana ki te uma me te puku o runga. Me titiro tātou ki ēnei mate.
| Āhua | He whakamārama māmā |
|---|---|
| Te pupuhi o ngā oko toto (Aneurysms) | Ka ngoikore ngā oko toto nui, ka pupuhi hoki pērā i te poihau. |
| Mate ngakau | Te mate manawa whānau, ngā mate manawa, ngā raruraru takirere manawa, me te pokanga karo manawa (CABG) . |
| Te whakawhitinga ngākau, te whakawhitinga pūkahukahu rānei | Te whakato i tētahi okana hauora hei whakakapi i te ngākau, i te pukahukahu rānei e ngoikore ana. |
| Te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu me ngā pukupuku | Te tango i ngā pukupuku matepukupuku, ngā pukupuku noa rānei i roto i ngā pukahukahu (Lobectomy) . |
| Te uaua ki te horomi (Dysphagia) | Te uaua ki te horomi kai nā ngā raruraru o te korokoro. |
| Te mate reflux gastroesophageal (GERD) | Te mamae o te uma nā te pikinga ake o te waikawa o te puku ki te esophagus. |
| Ngā Hernia Hiatal | Ka uru tetahi wāhanga o te puku ki te uma mā te diaphragm. |
He tino kino ēnei pokanga?
Ae, he nui ngā pokanga o te uma. Nā te mea ko te ngākau me ngā pukahukahu ngā okana tino nui o te tinana. Me mahi ētahi tāngata i ngā pokanga uaua hei whakatika i ētahi raruraru ngākau i te wā kotahi. Ko ētahi atu me mahi pea i te pokanga pukahukahu, ka mahia mā te tapahi iti.
Kaua e manukanuka. Kei te ngana tonu te tīma hauora e rongoā ana i a koe ki te hoatu i te hua pai rawa atu ki a koe. Ka mahi tahi rātou hei tīma, ā, ka manaaki pai i a koe.
Me pēhea te whakarite mō te pokanga?
He maha ngā mea me whakarite e koe i mua i te pokanga.
- Kia tino mōhio koe ki te kōrero ki tō tākuta mō ngā rongoā katoa e tangohia ana e koe (tae atu ki ngā rongoā i whakaritea e te tākuta me ērā ka hokona e koe me te kore he whakahaunga mai i te whare rongoā).
- Tērā pea ka tono atu tō tākuta kia mutu te tango i ētahi rongoā i ētahi rā i mua i tō pokanga. Kaua e mutu te tango i tētahi rongoā me te kore he tohutohu a tō tākuta.
- Kati te momi hikareti i te iti rawa i te kotahi marama i mua i te pokanga, ina koa mēnā he pokanga pukahukahu. Ki te kore koe e momi hikareti mō te kotahi marama i muri i te pokanga, ka taea e koe te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o ngā raruraru i te wā e ora ana te patunga mā te haurua.
- Kati te kai me te inu i te pō i mua i te pokanga, i runga rānei i ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta.
- Hangaia he mahere mō tō whakaoranga. Whakaritea kia hoki mai tētahi ki te kāinga hei āwhina i a koe mō ētahi rā. He whakaaro pai hoki te whakarite i ētahi kai i mua i te wā, ka rongoa ki roto i te pouaka tio.
He aha ngā mea hei tumanakohia i muri i te pokanga?
I muri i te pokanga, ka hoki anō tō māramatanga i a koe i roto i te Wāhanga Tiaki Kaha (ICU) me te Rūma Whakaora.
- Ka tangohia te ngongo manawa i whakamahia hei āwhina i a koe ki te manawa.
- Ka whakatakotoria he paipa waikeri mō te uma hei tango i te wai mai i te uma. Ka whakatakotoria hoki he katitere hei tango i te mimi.
- Ina pai ake tō āhua, ka whakawhitia koe ki te wāhanga noa.
- He mea tino nui te hikoi haereere i roto i te rūma me te āwhina, me te mahi i ngā mahi whakakorikori manawa i te wā e taea ai. Ka tino āwhina tēnei i te mahi tika anō o ngā pukahukahu.
- Kia tutuki i a koe ngā whāinga e tumanakohia ana e te tākuta, ka taea e koe te hoki ki te kāinga. E toru ki te tekau ngā rā te roa o tēnei mahi, i runga i te āhua o te pokanga.
Me ako anō hoki tātou mō ngā mōrearea me te roa o te wā whakaora.
Ngā tūponotanga pea
Pērā i ngā pokanga katoa, he tūponotanga anō kei reira.
- Ngā mate urutā, inā koa ngā mate pūkahukahu pērā i te niumōnia.
- Te hinganga o te pūkahukahu.
- Ngā toto totoka.
- Te pouri.
- Ngā rerekētanga o te pā o te ngakau.
- Te pupuhi o te pūkahukahu.
Te wā hei whakaora
Kei te āhua o te pokanga i mahia ki a koe te tikanga o tēnei. Mēnā he iti noa te motu i puta, tera pea ka taea e koe te hoki ki te kāinga i roto i ngā rā e 3-4. Heoi anō, tera pea ka roa te kotahi marama, neke atu rānei, kia ora katoa ai koe.
I runga anō i te āhua o te pokanga,Kāore e taea e koe te taraiwa mō te marama pea. E kī ana hoki te tākuta kia kaua e hiki i ngā mea taumaha mō te ono wiki pea.
Āhea koe me toro atu ki te tākuta?
He mea tino nui: Ki te pā mai ētahi o ēnei tohu ina tae koe ki te kāinga i muri i te pokanga, me toro atu koe ki tō tākuta tonu atu , me haere rānei ki te Tari Ohotata (ETU) o te hōhipera.
- Mamae nui o te uma
- Te uaua ki te manawa
- Te toto, te waikura rānei e puta mai ana i ngā motu
- Kirika
- Te pupuhi, te whero o ngā motu
Ehara te pokanga ū i te mahi ngāwari, engari mā te mōhio ki ngā mōhiotanga tika mō tēnei mahi ka nui te āwhina ki te whakamama i ō mataku.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- Ko te pokanga uma e pā ana ki ngā pokanga e mahia ana ehara i te mea ki te manawa me ngā pukahukahu anake, engari ki ētahi atu okana o te uma hoki, pērā i te korokoro me te ararewha.
- He mea tino nui kia ata whai i ngā tohutohu a te tākuta i mua i te pokanga, inā koa ngā mea pēnei i te whakamutu i te momi hikareti.
- Hei whakaora wawe i muri i te pokanga, me mahi koe i ngā mahi pēnei i te hikoi me te manawa e ai ki ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta.
- Ina hoki koe ki te kāinga i muri i te pokanga, kia tūpato ki ngā tohu pēnei i te mamae o te uma, te poto o te manawa, me te kirika. Mēnā ka puta tētahi o ēnei, rapua tonutia he tohutohu hauora.
- Mena he pātai, he āwangawanga rānei āu mō te pokanga, kaua e mangere ki te kōrero ki tō tākuta.
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