Kei te pōuri koe? Kei te ngaro tō taurite? Me kōrero tātou mō te pūnaha whakamiharo e whakahaere ana i te taurite o tō tātou tinana (Pūnaha Vestibular)

Ka pōuriuri koe i te wā kotahi? Kei te āhua rānei kei te hurihuri haere ngā mea i tō taha? Kei te āhua rānei kei te huri taha koe, kei te ngaro rānei tō taurite i a koe e hikoi ana? Kua pāngia tātou katoa e tēnei āhuatanga i te iti rawa i te kotahi wā i roto i ō tātou oranga. Ki ētahi, he mea noa iho tēnei, engari ki ētahi atu, he raruraru tonu, mō te wā roa. Nō reira, i tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō te take matua o ēnei mea, te pūnaha whakamiharo me te uaua e whakahaere ana i te taurite o tō tātou tinana.

He aha te Pūnaha Vestibular?

Ki te kī māmā noa iho, ko te pūnaha vestibular te okana matua e whakahaere ana i te taurite, i te taurite rānei o tō tātou tinana. He rite ki te 'taumata wairua' aunoa kua hangaia ki roto i tō tātou tinana. Ka tukuna atu ki te roro ngā mōhiohio katoa kei a tātou mō te tū, te piko, te neke, me te tūranga kei reira tātou.

Ka taea te wehewehe i tēnei pūnaha kia rua ngā wāhanga matua:

• Pūnaha vestibular ā-taha: Koinei te wāhanga matua o te pūnaha. Kei roto i tō tātou taringa o roto . E kiia ana tēnei wāhanga ko te "pūnaha vestibular." Koinei te wāhi e rongo ai tātou i ngā kōrero e pā ana ki tō tātou taurite.
• Pūnaha vestibular matua: He wāhanga tēnei o tō tātou pūnaha io matua, arā, te roro me te taurakira. Ka whiwhi tohu mai i ngā taringa, ka tātari i aua tohu, ā, ka tohutohu i ngā whekau kē atu kia mau tonu te taurite.

He pēhea rawa te mahi a tēnei pūnaha?

Ehara te taurite o tō tātou tinana i te mea ka taea te whakahaere e te mea kotahi anake. He rite ki te hākinakina tīma. E toru ngā kaitākaro matua o tēnei.

1. Pūnaha vestibular (wāhanga o te taringa): E whakarato ana i ngā mōhiotanga mō te tūranga, te tere, me te ahunga o te nekehanga o te upoko.

2. Kanohi (tirohanga): Homai he mōhiotanga ki a tātou mō tō tātou taiao, kei hea tātou, me ō tātou hononga ki a tātou.

3. Ngā uaua me ngā hononga (Proprioception): Ka homai he māramatanga mō te wāhi kei reira ō tātou waewae, te āhua o tō tātou tūnga i runga i te whenua, me te āhua o te piko o ō tātou hononga.

Whakaarohia kei te hikoi koe i roto i tētahi rūma pōuriuri. Nā te mea kāore e taea e ō kanohi te kite pai, ko te pūnaha vestibular i roto i tō taringa me te rongonga o ō waewae e pā ana ki te whenua ngā mea matua e āwhina ana i a koe ki te pupuri i tō taurite. Ka haere ngā mōhiohio e toru ki tō roro, ā, ka whakakotahihia e te roro ēnei katoa hei whakatau me pēhea te pupuri i tō tinana kia taurite.

E rua ngā urupare tino nui hei āwhina i tēnei tukanga kia puta aunoa.

Te hononga i waenga i ngā kanohi me te taurite (Vestibulo-ocular reflex - VOR)

He mea tino whakamere tēnei. Whakaarohia kei te ngana koe ki te pānui i tētahi tau i runga i te pahi i te rori. Ahakoa kei te hikoi koe, ā, kei te neke haere tō mahunga i tētahi taha ki tētahi taha, ka taea tonu e ō kanohi te aro ki taua tau. He pōuri te mea e kite ana koe, ehara i te mea pōuri. Koinei te āwhina o tēnei mahi a te 'VOR'. Ina neke tō mahunga i tētahi taha, ka neke aunoa ō kanohi ki tētahi taha, ka noho pūmau te mea e titirohia ana e tātou. Ki te kore tēnei, ina hikoi tātou, te āhua nei kei te wiri te ao e kite ana tātou, me te mea kei te hopu ataata wiri te kāmera.

Te whanaungatanga i waenga i ngā uaua me te taurite (Vestibulospinal reflex - VS)

Nā te mea ka taurite aunoa ō tātou uaua ki te taurite. Whakaarohia kei te hikoi koe i runga i te ara kirikiri. I ia hikoinga, ka piu haere tō tinana ki mua, ki muri. Engari kāore koe e hinga ngāwari. Nā te mea, ina piko paku tō mahunga, ka kitea e tēnei pūnaha i roto i tō taringa, ā, ka tukuna tonutia he tohu ki ō uaua, e mea ana, "Kei te piko tō tinana ki te taha matau, nō reira kaua e tukua kia hinga, engari me whakatakoto tō taumaha ki tō waewae maui hei taurite i a koe." Ka tere rawa te tupu o tēnei, kāore he wā ki te whakaaro mōna.

Ngā wāhanga o tēnei pūnaha me ā rātou mahi

E ai ki tā mātou i kōrero ai i mua ake nei, kei roto i te taringa o roto ngā okana matua o te pūnaha vestibular. Kei roto hoki i te taringa o roto te cochlea, e āwhina ana i a tātou ki te whakarongo. E tata ana ki a ia, i tētahi wāhanga motuhake, ko ngā okana e rima e pā ana ki te taurite. Ka kiia ēnei ko te vestibular labyrinth.

Kei roto i ēnei okana he wai e kiia nei ko te 'endolymph' me ngā pūtau rongo tino angiangi, he rite ki te huruhuru ('pūtau makawe'). Ina nekehia ō tātou mahunga, ka nekehia hoki tēnei wai. Kātahi ka piko ngā pūtau makawe ka tuku tohu ki te roro mā roto i a rātou. Ka haria ēnei tohu ki te roro mā roto i te 'io vestibular'.

Kia mārama ake tātou ki ēnei wāhanga mai i te ripanga i raro nei.

He mea motuhake anō hoki mō ngā whekau otolith. He tioata konupūmā kāponāte iti nei e kiia nei ko te `otoconia.' He tioata iti nei, he rite ki te kōhatu. Kei roto i tētahi mea rite ki te tiēre e noho ana i runga i ngā pūtau makawe. Ina neke tātou, ka neke whakamua, ka neke whakamua ēnei tioata i raro i te mana o te kaha ā-papa. Kātahi ka piko ngā pūtau makawe ka tuku tohu ki te roro. I ētahi wā ka taea e ēnei tioata iti te wehe atu ka haere ki roto i ngā awa haurua porowhita, ka puta ai te whanoke nui ki ētahi tāngata.

He aha ngā raruraru ka puta ake i roto i tēnei pūnaha?

He maha ngā āhuatanga hauora ka taea te whakararuraru i te mahi a tēnei pūnaha uaua. Anei ētahi o aua āhuatanga.

• Te Pōturi Tūnga Pai o te Pōturi (BPPV): Koinei te tino take o te pōturi. Ka puta mai ina tangohia te otoconia, i kōrerotia i mua ake nei, ka neke ki te wāhi hē. Ka kitea he pōturi nui e roa ana mō ētahi hēkona, inā koa ka takahuri koe i runga i te moenga, ka neke rānei tō mahunga ki runga, ki raro.
• Neuritis vestibular me te Labyrinthitis:Ko te tikanga, ka puta mai ēnei i te mate huaketo e pupuhi ai te io vestibular, te taringa o roto rānei. Ka tīmata ohorere pea ngā tohu, tae atu ki te whanoke nui, te whakapairuaki, me te ruaki ka roa pea mō ētahi rā. I roto i te 'Labyrinthitis', ka pāngia pea te rongo e te ngaronga o te rongo, hei tāpiri atu ki te whanoke.
• Te mate a Ménière: Ka puta tēnei i te pikinga o te pēhanga o te wai (endolymph) i roto i te taringa o roto. Ka puta ngā tohu pēnei i te whanoke ohorere, te tangi o ngā taringa (tinnitus), te ahua kī tonu o te taringa, me te ngaronga o te rongo.
• Ngā Maikara Vestibular: Mō ētahi tāngata, he tohu nui ake te whanoke i te mamae o te upoko ina pāngia rātou e te maikara.
• Te mate Mal de débarquement (MdDS): He āhuatanga rerekē tēnei. Ko te āhua kei te mānu tonu i te moana i muri i te ekenga ki uta i runga poti, i te kaipuke rānei.
• Te Whatiwhati Tūturu o te Tirohanga (PPPD): I roto i tēnei, he ahua whanoke tonu me te ngaronga o te taurite, kāore he take e kitea ana.

Me pēhea koe e mōhio ai he raruraru? Ngā tohu matua

Ko ngā tohu matua o ngā raruraru o te pūnaha vestibular ko te whanoke me te pororaru. Ahakoa e whakamahia ana ēnei kupu e rua i roto i ngā kupu e rua, he iti noa te rerekētanga i waenganui i ngā kupu e rua.

Haunga ēnei tohu e rua, tera pea ētahi atu mea ka puta.

• Whakapairuaki me te ruaki
• Te ngaronga o te taurite me te uaua ki te hikoi
• Te tirohanga pōuri
• Te tangi i roto i ngā taringa (tinnitus)
• Te ngaronga o te rongo

Me pēhea te whakamātautau a te tākuta i tēnei pūnaha?

Ki te pā mai ēnei tohu ki a koe, me toro atu koe ki te tākuta. Ka pātai atu te tākuta ki a koe mō ō tohu, ā, ka tirotirohia koe e ia. Ki te tika, ka tukuna pea koe e ia mō ēnei whakamātautau.

• Whakamātautau vestibular: He huinga tēnei o ētahi whakamātautau. Ko te nuinga o ēnei ka titiro ki te pai o te mahi tahi a ō kanohi me te pūnaha taurite, e kiia nei ko te 'VOR'.
• Ngā whakamātautau toto: Tirohia mēnā he mate pāwera.
• Ngā whakamātautau whakaahua: Tērā pea ka tonoa koe kia whai matawai CT, MRI rānei hei tirotiro mēnā he raruraru hanganga kei roto i te roro, i te taringa rānei.

He aha ngā maimoatanga mō tēnei?

Kei tō āhua te maimoatanga. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia he huinga o ngā maimoatanga.

• Te Whakaora i te Vestibular (VRT): He maimoatanga tino nui tēnei. Kei roto ko te "whakangungu" i tō roro. Kei roto ko ngā mahi motuhake e ako ana i te roro ki te urutau ki ngā tohu hē mai i te pūnaha taurite me te kore e aro ki aua tohu. I roto i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te 'BPPV', ka taea e te kaiwhakaora tinana te āwhina i a koe ki te mahi i ngā 'nekehanga huri' hei whakahoki i ngā pōro kua nekehia ki tōna tūranga.
• Ngā Rongoā: Mena he mate pāwera, ka tohua pea e te tākuta he paturopi, me ētahi atu rongoā hei whakahaere i te whakapairuaki me te whanoke.
• Ngā huringa āhua noho: Tērā pea ka tohutohuhia koe kia matara atu i ētahi mea ka whakanui ake i te whanoke (hei tauira, te tote nui rawa, te kawheine, te ahotea).
• Pokanga: Kāore e hiahiatia he pokanga i te nuinga o ngā wā. Heoi, i ngā wā tino kino rawa atu, ina kore he maimoatanga kē atu e whai hua, tera pea ka hiahiatia he pokanga hei whakatika i ngā hanganga o te taringa o roto.

He aha tā tātou e taea ai te pupuri i te hauora o tēnei pūnaha?

He pono, he uaua ki a tātou te ārai i ngā raruraru maha e puta ake ana i roto i te pūnaha vestibular. Engari ko te mea pai rawa atu, ko te mea nui rawa atu hoki ka taea e tātou te mahi, ko te toro atu ki te tākuta ina kite tātou i tētahi tohu, me te rapu tohutohu.

Kaua e whakakorekore i te whanoke hei mea ngāwari noa iho. I ētahi wā he tohu pea tēnei mō tētahi mate kino, pērā i te whiu. Nō reira, ki te pāngia koe e te whanoke me ngā tohu pēnei i te uaua ki te kōrero, te piko o te taha kotahi o tō mata, te ngoikore rānei o te ringa, o te waewae rānei, haere tonu ki te rūma whawhati tata (ETU) o te hōhipera.