E mōhio ana koe ki ngā mate manawa o ngā wāhine? Me kōrero tāua!

Kei te mōhio koe, he maha ngā wā ka whakaarohia e tātou te mate manawa he mate e pā ana ki ngā tāne. Engari ehara tēnā i te pono. He kaikōhuru puku te mate manawa (CVD) i waenga i ngā wāhine. I ētahi wā kāore tātou e kite i ngā tohu, kāore rānei tātou e aro nui ki tēnā. Koia te mea nui kia mōhio ki tēnā. Ko te mate manawa te tino take o te mate i te ao. Whakaarohia, i te tau 2019 anake, tata ki te 18 miriona tāngata i mate i tēnā. He tokomaha kāore e mōhio ko te mate manawa te tino take o te mate i roto i ngā wāhine.

He aha ngā rerekētanga i roto i te pūnaha manawa me te ngākau o ngā wāhine me ngā tāne?

Whakaarohia, he rerekētanga ngawari kei roto i te hanganga o ō tātou tinana. Koinei ngā mea e rerekē ai te pānga o ētahi mate ki ngā wāhine me ngā tāne. He rite tonu te āhua ina tae mai ki te mate manawa. Kua kitea e ngā kairangahau ētahi rerekētanga i roto i te pūnaha manawa i runga i te ira tangata. He rerekētanga tino uaua ēnei, i ētahi wā he iti noa iho. Ka taea e ēnei rerekētanga te rerekē te pānga o te mate manawa ki ngā wāhine i ngā tāne. Me titiro tātou ki ētahi tauira:

• Anatomi: He iti ake ngā oko toto me ngā rūma ngākau o ngā wāhine i ō ngā tāne. He angiangi ake hoki ngā pakitara o ngā ventricle o te ngākau (ngā rūma e pupuhi ana i te toto).
• Te tatau toto: He iti ake ngā toto whero o ngā wāhine, arā, he iti ake te hāora ka taea e rātou te kawe i te wā kotahi.
• Ngā urutaunga o te ngākau: He tairongo ake ngā tinana o ngā wāhine ki ngā panonitanga o te teitei (pērā i te piki puke) te ara ohorere rānei i te moenga, ka heke ohorere ai te toto toto.
• Ngā homoni: He nui ake ngā taumata o ngā homoni estrogen me te progesterone i roto i ngā wāhine, engari he nui ake ngā taumata testosterone i roto i ngā tāne. He maha ngā pānga o ēnei homoni ki te hauora o te ngākau me te hauora whānui.

Me pēhea te mōhio mēnā he mate manawa tō te wahine?

Ko te tikanga ka pāngia ngā wāhine e ngā tohumate o te mate manawa i te tekau tau i muri i ngā tāne. Ahakoa he maha ngā take me ngā tohumate e kitea whānuitia ana, he rerekētanga motuhake kei waenganui i ngā wāhine, inā koa ka pā ki ngā whakaekenga manawa me te ngoikore o te manawa. He mea nui kia mōhio ki ēnei.

Ngā tohu o te whakaeke ngakau i roto i ngā wahine

Ko te mamae o te uma, te kore rānei e pai te āhua, te tohu matua mō te katoa. Engari he nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā wāhine ki te pāngia e ētahi atu tohu i tua atu i te mamae o te uma (i tua atu rānei i te mamae o te uma). He nui ake hoki te tūponotanga o te pāngia e te "whakaeke ngakau puku" . Koinei te wā kāore e kitea he mate o te ngakau. He nui ake hoki te tūponotanga o ngā wāhine neke atu i te 65 tau te pakeke ki te mate i te mate ngakau puku i ngā tāne o taua tau anō.

He maha ngā tohu kua pā ki ngā wāhine i te wā e pāngia ana e te mate manawa. Ka kitea ēnei mamae me ngā koretake i ngā wāhi e whai ake nei:

• Uma (i te nuinga o te wā)
• Ū maui
• I waenganui i te tuaiwi, i ngā pokohiwi rānei
• Kaki, korokoro rānei
• Kauae, niho rānei
• Ringaringa (tetahi, te rua rānei)
• Ngā pakihiwi
• Waewae (tetahi, e rua rānei)

Hei tāpiritanga ki tēnei, ka pāngia pea ngā wāhine e ētahi atu tohu pēnei i:

• Te ngenge rerekē (te mea tino noa)
• Te uaua ki te manawa
• Pōuriuri, ngoikore rānei
• Te werawera, te whero rānei o te mata
• Te koretake o te kai
• Ngā tere o te ngakau
• Te ngoikore o ngā ringaringa, o ngā maihao rānei
• Whakapairuaki, ruaki rānei
• Hiahia kai
• Ngā huringa hou o te tirohanga
• Ānini
• Maremare
• Te ahua o te kikī i roto i te korokoro

Ko te mea nui: Ki te pāngia koe e tētahi o ēnei tohu, inā koa neke atu i te kotahi, kāore he take e kitea ana, waea atu ki te 911 tonu, haere rānei ki te wāhanga ohorere o te hōhipera tata ki a koe. Ka pakaru te uaua o te ngakau i te mate manawa. Ka piki haere te kino i ia meneti e pahemo ana. Nō reira kaua e whakaroa ki te waea atu.

Ngā tohu whakatūpato wawe o te whakaeke ngakau i roto i ngā wāhine

He maha ngā wāhine e pāngia ana e ngā tohu o mua i mua i te whakaekenga o te ngakau. Ka puta pea ēnei i ngā hāora, i ngā wiki, i ngā marama rānei i mua. Ko te tohu whakatūpato wawe tino kitea ko te ngenge rerekē. Mena kei te ngenge koe, ā, kāore e kitea he take kē atu mō tō ngenge, he pai ake te toro atu ki te tākuta.

Haunga te ngenge, ka taea hoki e ēnei tohu te puta i mua i te whakaeke ngakau:

• Manukanuka
• Te koretake o te puku
• Ngā tere o te ngakau
• Ngā huringa o te whakaaro, o te mahara rānei (kāore i rite ki te tikanga, he pōuriuri te āhua)
• Hiahia kai
• Te uaua ki te manawa i te pō
• Te kore moe
• Te ngenge o ngā ringaringa, o ngā pūkahukahu rānei
• Te ngenge, te mākūkū rānei i roto i ngā ringaringa, i ngā maihao rānei
• Maremare
• Ngā ānini maha, ngā ānini kino rānei
• Te mamae o te uma, te kore whakamarie rānei
• Te mamae o te kauae, o te niho rānei
• Te ngoikore, te taumaha rānei o ngā ringa

Tērā pea ka puta mai ēnei tohu tōmua, ka ngaro atu i a rātou anō. He tokomaha e tatari ana kia mau tonu ngā tohu, kia kitea rānei e tētahi atu. Kaua e tatari. Rapua he āwhina ina kite koe i tētahi tohu rerekē.

Te ngoikore o te ngākau i roto i ngā wāhine

He mate mau tonu te ngoikore o te ngākau, e kore ai e taea e te ngākau te pupuhi toto kia pai. Ka puta he wai i roto i te tinana (i ētahi wā ka puta he tohu pēnei i te pupuhi me te taumaha), ā, ka kino haere i roto i te wā. Ka pāngia ngā tāne me ngā wāhine e te mate. Heoi, ka rerekē pea ngā take me ngā tohu i runga i te ira tangata. Anei ētahi o ngā kitenga mai i te rangahau:

• Ko te ngoikore o te ngākau diastolic (te ngoikore o te ngākau e pēhi noa ana te ngākau, engari he uaua ki te whakakī ki te toto - me te pupuri tonu i te wāhanga ejection) he mea noa ake i waenga i ngā wāhine.
• Ko ngā take o te ngoikore o te ngākau i roto i ngā wāhine ko te toto toto tiketike ('Hypertension'), te mate takirere ngākau ('heart valve disease'), te mate huka ('Diabetes'), me te mate uaua coronary ('Coronary Artery Disease'). Ko te toto toto tiketike me te mate takirere te mea pea ka ngoikore te ngākau i roto i ngā wāhine. Ko te mate uaua coronary te tino take i roto i ngā tāne.
• He nui ake te kitea o te ngoikore o te ngakau i roto i ngā wāhine nā te ngoikore o te uaua o te ngakau i puta mai i te ahotea ('Stress Cardiomyopathy' 'Broken Heart Syndrome' rānei).
• He nui ake te mōrearea o ngā wāhine ki te whakawhanake i ngā tohu o te ngoikore o te ngakau i muri i te whakaeke ngakau.
• Ki te whakaritea ki ngā tāne, he nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā wāhine e pāngia ana e te ngoikore o te ngakau ki te ripoata i te kounga o te oranga me ngā tohu pouri.

Ngā tohu o te ngoikore o te ngakau i roto i ngā wahine

He rite tonu ngā tohu o te ngoikore o te ngākau mō te katoa, engari e whakaatu ana ngā rangahau he nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā wāhine ki te pāngia e ēnei:

• Te uaua ki te manawa me te mahi tinana
• Te uaua ki te whakakorikori tinana
• Pupuhi (`Edema`)

Ko te tikanga ka puta ngā tohu o te mate ngakau i ngā wāhine i te kaumātuatanga, ā, he nui ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia rātou e te mate manawataki o te ngākau e kiia nei ko te 'Left Bundle Branch Block' (tērā pea he hua o te ngoikore o te ngākau).

He aha ngā tūponotanga mō te mate ngakau i roto i ngā wāhine?

Ko ngā take mōrearea o te mate ngakau tuku iho, pērā i te cholesterol teitei me te toto toto tiketike (BP), ka pā ki te katoa, ahakoa te ira tangata. Heoi, kua kitea e ngā rangahau he rerekē anō hoki ēnei take mōrearea i runga i te ira tangata. Hei tāpiri, kei reira anō ngā take mōrearea me ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki ngā wāhine.

• Te Korekore Teitei: He take mōrearea te cholesterol teitei (hyperlipidemia) mō te katoa, engari ko te iti o te cholesterol 'pai' (HDL cholesterol) ka nui ake te mōrearea mō ngā wāhine 65 tau te pakeke, neke atu rānei i ngā tāne.
• Mate Huka: E rua ki te whā ngā wā ka nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā wāhine whai mate huka ki te pāngia e te mate manawa i ngā tāne whai mate huka.
• Te toto toto tiketike (Total pressure): He nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā wāhine neke atu i te 60 tau te pakeke ki te pāngia e te toto toto tiketike (Total pressure) i ngā tāne, engari he iti ake te tūponotanga ka taea e rātou te whakahaere i tēnei mate. He maha ngā take mō tēnei:
• Te urupare ki te maimoatanga: He nui ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia ngā wāhine e ngā tauhohenga kino ki te rongoā (ADR), nō reira he uaua ki te kimi me te piri ki tētahi mahere maimoatanga e pai ana māu.
• Te aro ki te konutai:I muri i te paheketanga, ka nui ake te aro o tō tinana ki te konutai. Ko te tikanga me whakaiti ake e koe te nui o te konutai (tote) i roto i tō kai hei ārai i te toto toto tiketike (BP).
• Te wā pāhekeheke: Ka āwhina te homoni estrogen ki te whakaiti i te mōrearea o te mate ngakau. Heoi, mā te wā pāhekeheke tūturu, mā te tango pokanga rānei i ngā ovaries ka taea te whakaiti i ō taumata estrogen , ka nui ake ai te mōrearea o te toto totoka, te atherosclerosis, me te cholesterol teitei.
• Momona: I a koe e pāngia ana e te menopause, ka nui ake tō tūponotanga ki te momona - he taupū papatipu tinana (BMI) neke atu i te 30. Tērā pea ka piki ake te ngako puku (ngako puku). E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau ka piki ake te tūponotanga o te mate manawa i tēnei. He nui ake te mōrearea o te momona ki ngā wāhine i ngā tāne (ka piki ake te mōrearea o te mate uaua ngakau mā te 64% mō ngā wāhine, ā, mā te 46% mō ngā tāne). E toru ngā wā ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te mate manawa o ngā wāhine nā te momona.
• Te kore whakakori tinana: Te āhua nei ka whakaitihia e te whakakori tinana te mōrearea o ngā wāhine ki te mate ngakau nui atu i ngā tāne. Engari he maha ngā wāhine kāore e nui te whakakori tinana.
• Te kai hikareti: He nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā wāhine kai hikareti ki te pāngia e te mate manawa (CVD) i ngā tāne kai hikareti, ā, e toru ngā wā ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te pāngia e te mate manawa.
• Ngā mate pūnaha ārai mate: 80% o te hunga e pāngia ana e ngā mate pūnaha ārai mate pērā i te rumatiki rheumatoid me te lupus, he wāhine. Ka nui ake te mōrearea o te mate ngakau, te ngoikore o te ngakau, me ētahi atu raruraru pūnaha toto.
• Te Preeclampsia me te toto toto tiketike e pā ana ki te hapūtanga: Ka nui ake te mōrearea o te toto toto tiketike me/ranei te mate huka i te wā e hapu ana nā te Preeclampsia. Ka nui ake hoki te mōrearea o te whiu. Ko te tangata kua kitea he preeclampsia, e 75% te nui ake o te tūponotanga ka mate ia i te mate ngakau ā muri ake nei.
• Mate Huka Hāputanga: Mā te tātaritanga o te mate huka hāputanga ka piki ake te mōrearea o te whakawhanake i te mate huka puta noa i te oranga. Ka piki ake hoki te mōrearea o te mate ngakau puta noa i te oranga.
• Te Cardiomyopathy Peripartum (e mōhiotia ana ko te Postpartum, ko te Pregnancy-associated Cardiomyopathy rānei): He āhuatanga tēnei e ngoikore ai te ngākau, ā, ka taea te whanake ki te ngoikore o te ngākau. Ka taea e tēnei te arahi ki ngā raruraru nui, tae atu ki te mate.
• Te Mate Pūkahukahu Polycystic (PCOS): Ka piki ake te mōrearea o te mate manawa me te ngākau i te PCOS. Tērā pea he āhuatanga mōrearea tō te hunga whai PCOS pērā i te mate huka, te toto toto tiketike, te cholesterol tiketike, me te moe pōrearea.
• Te rongoā ārai hapūtanga ā-waha (te 'pire' rānei): Mā te tango i te 'pire' ka piki ake tō tupono ki te mate manawa mena kei a koe ētahi atu āhuatanga morearea, pēnei i te momona, te momi hikareti rānei.

He aha ngā rerekētanga i waenganui i ngā whakamātautau me ngā maimoatanga mō te mate ngakau i roto i ngā wāhine?

He rerekētanga anō hoki kei roto i te whakamātautau me te maimoatanga i runga i te ira tangata. Hei tauira:

• I ētahi wā, hei utu mō te paparanga ngako nui (pērāki) i roto i te uaua (mate aukati uaua coronary), tera pea he paparanga ngako angiangi kei roto i te uaua. He mea noa ake tēnei i roto i ngā wāhine. Kāore e kitea tonutia tēnei momo paparanga ngako e te angiogram coronary. Nō reira, ki te mea he tohu kei a koe, ā, he pai ngā hua o te whakamātautau, me whai whakamātautau anō pea koe kia kitea ai te pūtake o ō tohu.
• He nui ake te tūponotanga ka kore e aro ki ngā wāhine tētahi momo rongoā e kiia nei ko te ACE inhibitor.
• Ka whakaitihia e ngā statin ngā taumata cholesterol o te katoa, engari he nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā wāhine ki te pāngia e ngā pānga taha. Heoi, he tino onge ngā pānga taha tuturu o ngā statin, ahakoa i waenga i ngā wāhine.

He mea nui: He mea nui kia kōrero koe ki tō tākuta mō ō mōrearea, ō tohumate, ō hua whakamātautau, me ō urupare ki ngā rongoā. Ko ngā rerekētanga takitahi, pērā i tō tātou hītori hauora whaiaro me te taiao pāpori, he mea nui ake i ētahi wā i ngā rerekētanga e pā ana ki te ira tangata.

Ka taea e ngā wāhine te ārai i te mate ngakau? Me pēhea?

Ae, ki te kī ngāwari, ko te mea nui rawa atu māu ko te mōhio ki ō tūponotanga mōrearea, me te ngana ki te whakarerekē i aua tūponotanga. Ki te nui ake ō tūponotanga mōrearea, ka nui ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia koe e te mate manawa.

Whakaarohia ngā āhuatanga mōrearea o te mate manawa he rite ki te mōrearea o te potae pakū o te motuka. Ki te whiti koe i te whao kotahi, tera pea ka pakū te potae i muri i te tawhiti poto. Engari ka taea e koe te tae ki te toa whakatika i mua i te paunga o te hau. Engari ki te whiti koe i te toru, i te whā rānei o ngā whao, ka pakū te potae i mua i tō taenga ki te toa, ā, me waea atu koe ki te āwhina.

Waihoki, ki te mea kei a koe tētahi o ngā take mōrearea mō te mate manawa, tera pea ka pai koe mō tētahi wā. Engari i te mea ka nui haere, ka nui ake te tūponotanga ka pā wawe atu koe ki ngā raruraru nui.

Hei karo i te pā o te potae, me karo i ngā mea koi ina kite koe i aua mea. Mō te mate manawa, e whakaatu ana ngā rangahau e 4 i roto i te 5 ngā mate manawa ka taea te ārai!Koia te mea nui kia mōhio koe ki ngā mōrearea kei a koe, me te mahi tahi me tō tākuta kia kore ai e pāngia e aua mōrearea i ngā wā katoa e taea ana.

Anei ētahi mea motuhake ka taea e koe te mahi:

• Tirohia tō tākuta mō ngā whakamātautau tinana ā-tau.
• Mahi tahi me tō tākuta ki te whakahaere i tō toto toto, te cholesterol, me te taumata huka toto. Tērā pea ka uru atu koe ki te tango rongoā.
• Waihangahia he mahere whakakori tinana e pai ana māu. Whakanuia mārire kia 150 meneti te roa o te whakakori tinana kaha-waenga (pērā i te hikoi) ia wiki.
• Āta karohia ngā hua tupeka, ā, whakawhāitihia te waipiro.
• Whāia he mahere kai hauora mō te ngākau.

Ina whakaaro koe ki ngā kai hauora mō te ngākau, kia maumahara ki ēnei mahi ngāwari:

• Mahere: Tuhia ō whāinga kai, rapu tohutohu mai i te tākuta, i te tohunga kai rānei. Tuhia ngā kai e hiahia ana koe ki te kai i ngā wā katoa, me ngā kai e hiahia ana koe ki te whakaiti, ki te whakakore rānei.
• Kōwhiria: Kōwhiria ō tohutao tino pai, ā, whakamaheretia ō kai mō te wiki. Hangaia he rārangi hoko kai, ka hoko mai i taua rārangi. Ki te pai ake koe ki te kai i waho, waihangahia tāu ake tahua kai whaiaro me ngā kōwhiringa hauora mō te ngākau, ā, whiriwhiria mai i ēnā anake.
• Te Wāhanga: Ahakoa he kai pai, ka kino pea te hauora ina kainga nui. Kia tūpato ki te rahi o te wāhanga e kainga ana e koe.
• Kia pai!: Me kai i ngā kai hauora mō te ngākau. Ki te kore koe e pai ki te kai e mahia ana e koe, kimihia he tunu kai hou. Pātai atu ki ō hoa. Kia maumahara, he pai ake te kimi i te taurite i te wā roa atu i te whakatakoto ture pakari. Kōrero ki tō tākuta mō ngā huarahi hei kai i ō kai tino pai i roto i te whakaōrite, ahakoa kei te rārangi "kāore i te hauora mō te ngākau".

Mena he take mōrearea tōu mō te mate manawa, he hītori rānei o te mate manawa, ehara i te mea ko koe anake. E miriona ngā tāngata e noho ana me ēnei āhuatanga. Ia 40 hēkona, ka pāngia tētahi e te mate manawa. Tērā pea he whakamataku ēnei tatauranga, engari mā te mōhio ki tēnei ka taea e koe te whai mana ki te hanga huringa. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau e 4 i roto i te 5 ngā take o te mate manawa ka taea te ārai.

Ehara tēnei i te mea ka taea e koe anake te mahi. Kei te noho te katoa i roto i tētahi rohe e whai pānga ana ki ngā mea pēnei i tā rātou kai, te nui o te whakakori tinana, me te nui o te ahotea e pā ana ki a rātou. Kāore ngā kōwhiringa whaiaro anake e whakaatu i te katoa o te kōrero. Engari ko ngā kōwhiringa, ina koa ka tautokona e ngā rauemi tika, ka nui te rerekētanga. Kōrero ki tō tākuta mō ngā mea ka taea e koe te mahi hei āwhina i te hauora o tō ngākau.

Karere Whakamutunga mō te Tango ki te Kāinga

Āe, ka taea e koe te maumahara ki ētahi o ngā mea tino nui o ngā mea kua kōrerohia e tātou.

• He rerekē pea te āhua o te whanaketanga o te mate manawa me te mate pūnaha toto o ngā wāhine ('Cardiovascular Disease') me ōna tohu i ērā o ngā tāne. Nō reira kaua e whakaaro ngāwari, 'Ehara tēnei i te mate manawa.'
• Kia tūpato ki te ngenge rerekē, te poto o te manawa, te mamae o te uma, me ētahi atu tohu rerekē. Rapua he awhina hauora tonu, ina koa mēnā he maha atu i te kotahi o ēnei kei a koe.
• Kia mōhio ki ngā āhuatanga mōrearea e pā ana ki a koe (hei tauira, te toto toto tiketike, te cholesterol, te mate huka, te hītori whānau, te menopause, te PCOS) ka kōrero ki tō tākuta mō te whakahaere i aua mea.
• Ko te noho hauora (te kai pai, te whakakori tinana, me te karo i te momi hikareti) tētahi o ngā patu pai rawa atu hei ārai i te mate ngakau.
• Kāore koe i te mokemoke. Tonoa he āwhina, pātai atu, ā, me whai kawenga mō tō hauora.

` Mate ngakau, hauora o ngā wāhine, mate ngakau, ngoikore o te ngakau, ngā āhuatanga mōrearea, ngā tohu, te ārai