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ꯅꯈꯣꯌꯁꯨ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯔꯥ? ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯟꯅꯥꯏ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯔꯤꯕꯔꯥ? ꯃꯗꯨꯕꯨ (ꯑꯦꯕꯣꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ) ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯔꯥ?

ꯅꯈꯣꯌꯁꯨ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯔꯥ? ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯟꯅꯥꯏ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯔꯤꯕꯔꯥ? ꯃꯗꯨꯕꯨ (ꯑꯦꯕꯣꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ) ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯔꯥ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ "ꯑꯣꯍ, ꯑꯩꯕꯨ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯃꯂꯣꯏ" ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ "ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ" ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ "ꯑꯩꯕꯨ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯒꯅꯤ" ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯤꯕꯔꯥ? ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ, ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯄꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯎꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯃꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯪꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯒꯗꯤ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯒꯗꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯦꯕꯣꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯑꯦꯕꯣꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ (AVPD) ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯄꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ "ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ", "ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ" ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯔꯤꯖꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯄꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯨꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯑꯦ.ꯚꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.ꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ "ꯀ꯭ꯂꯁ꯭ꯇꯔ ꯁꯤ" ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯨꯄꯇꯥ ꯆꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯅꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯃꯥꯖꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯦꯛꯇꯦꯁꯅꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯗꯕꯥ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠꯀꯤ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯦꯕꯣꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ (AVPD) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯍꯣꯌ, ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯎꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯅꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ (SAD) , ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯕꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜ ꯄꯤꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯊꯃꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ, ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯃꯥꯖꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯄꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯑꯦ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.ꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯟꯅꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯔꯤ-ꯃꯇꯥꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯁꯦꯜꯐ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯃꯦꯠ ꯅꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ . ꯁꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ (SAD)ꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯆꯔꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯁꯨ, APDꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯆꯔꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ꯫

ꯔꯤꯁꯔꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯦ.ꯚꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.ꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯗꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯇꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯦ.ꯚꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.ꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯤ ꯗꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦꯝ.-꯵ꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯗꯤ. ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯦꯁ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ, ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ? ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯔꯤꯁꯔꯆꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ 1.5% ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 2.5%ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯣꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ (AVPD) ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤꯂꯉ꯭ꯀꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

AVPD ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ 18ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯇꯔꯥꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯖꯤꯡ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯧꯏ . ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ AVPD ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ:

  • ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ (`ꯀ꯭ꯂꯤꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ` ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ `ꯃꯦꯖꯔ ꯗꯤꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ`)
  • ꯄꯔꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯗꯤꯞꯔꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯁꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯑꯣꯕꯁꯦꯁꯤꯚ-ꯀꯝꯄꯂꯁꯤꯚ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ (ꯑꯣ.ꯁꯤ.ꯗꯤ.)
  • ꯄꯦꯅꯤꯛ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯑꯦꯅꯣꯔꯦꯛꯁꯤꯌꯥ ꯅꯦꯔꯚꯣꯁꯥ꯫
  • ꯕꯤꯟꯖ ꯏꯇꯤꯡ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ꯫

ꯑꯦꯕꯣꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ (AVPD)ꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯨꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ:

  • ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯜꯐ-ꯏꯃꯦꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯕꯛ ꯐꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯉꯅꯥ ꯅꯉꯕꯨ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ, ꯅꯉꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯂꯕꯁꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯤ, "ꯑꯣꯍ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ꯫"
  • ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯒꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯁꯤꯖꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯤꯁꯂꯥꯏꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯍꯥꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯂꯧꯖꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ "ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯕꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯒꯅꯤ?"
  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯟꯅꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, "ꯑꯣꯍ, ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯣꯏ" ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯇꯥ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯑꯩꯍꯥꯛ ꯁꯣꯁꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯇꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯊꯥꯖꯖꯩ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯩꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯈꯅꯖꯩ, "ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯔꯥ?", "ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯋꯥ ꯉꯥꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯔꯥ?"
  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯑꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ (ꯅꯦꯒꯦꯇꯤꯚ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ) ꯂꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯉꯕꯨ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯇꯒꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯕꯁꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ "ꯑꯣꯍ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯈꯜꯂꯝꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯑꯩ ꯈꯉꯗꯦ꯫"
  • ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯏ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ "ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ" ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯩ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ? (ꯑꯦ.ꯚꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ

APD ꯌꯥꯎꯅꯥ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯔꯤꯁꯔꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯔꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯩ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯦ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.

  • ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯇꯤꯛꯁ: ꯁ꯭ꯇꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯦ.ꯚꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯶꯴%ꯗꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯖꯤꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯃꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯁꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫
  • ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ: ꯔꯤꯁꯔꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ. ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ, ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯁꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤꯕꯤꯇꯤ, ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯕꯥ, ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯆꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯜ: ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯆꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯜ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ AVPD ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯒꯥ ꯅꯛꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯂꯕꯁꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯊꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯗꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥ-ꯃꯄꯥꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯊꯤꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯆꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯅꯚꯥꯏꯔꯅꯃꯦꯟꯇ: ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯔꯤꯖꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯅꯕꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ AVPD ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ (AVPD) ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯒꯦ?

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ, ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ 18ꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ ꯑꯦꯕꯣꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ (AVPD) ꯂꯩ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯆꯨꯞꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛ-ꯍꯣꯡꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯗꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯅꯈꯤꯗꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯃꯥꯟ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

APD ꯌꯥꯎꯅꯥ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯏ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯌꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯗꯦ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯪꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯔꯨꯞ-ꯃꯄꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯁꯦꯂꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ , ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯤꯌꯥꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ APD ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ, ꯄꯥꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯪꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯁꯤꯖꯝ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯀꯥꯏ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯚꯥꯏꯔꯅꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯪꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯩ:

  • ꯍꯧꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ꯫
  • ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ꯫
  • ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡ꯫
  • ꯔꯤꯌꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ (ꯑꯔꯕꯥꯟ, ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯅꯒꯠꯂꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ)

APD ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯈꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯦꯁꯅꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯨꯡ-ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯔꯨꯞ-ꯃꯄꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯟ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯤꯌꯥꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯁꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯅꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯟꯌꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯁ (DSM-5)ꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ AVPD ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫

APD ꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ, ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯤꯗꯤ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ :

  • ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯁꯤꯖꯝ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯔꯤꯖꯦꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯃꯤꯟꯅꯕꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ-ꯋꯥꯇꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯃꯤꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯀꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯤꯗꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯆꯨꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯁꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯔꯤꯖꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯟꯅꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ꯫
  • ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯀꯄꯨ ꯃꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯤꯒꯥ ꯎꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ, ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯤꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯤꯡꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯏꯀꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯩꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, AVPDꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯁꯄꯣꯟꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦ.ꯚꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.ꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯊꯧꯒꯠꯄꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯨꯡ-ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯚꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯐꯪꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯄꯥꯀꯏ꯫

(ꯑꯦ.ꯚꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.)ꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ꯫

ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯅꯤ꯫ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯃꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠꯀꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯣꯇꯤꯚꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯇꯤꯚ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

APDꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯤ:

  • ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯣꯗꯥꯏꯅꯥꯃꯤꯛ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ: ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯃꯣꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯔꯨꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ꯫ ꯁꯦꯜꯐ-ꯔꯤꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯀꯣꯒꯅꯤꯇꯤꯚ ꯕꯤꯍꯦꯕꯤꯌꯔꯜ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ (CBT): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ, ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯃꯣꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯂꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯕꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯂꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯤ.ꯕꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯒꯦꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯥ ꯇꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯤꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

(ꯑꯦ.ꯚꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.)ꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ

ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯑꯦ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.ꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯇꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯅꯥ ꯑꯦ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.

ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯐꯂꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯦ.ꯚꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.ꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ (AVPD)ꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯎꯇꯂꯨꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, AVPDꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

  • ꯗꯤꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ, ꯁꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯌꯨꯖ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯄꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯄꯥꯔꯇꯝ ꯗꯤꯞꯔꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ꯫
  • ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯊꯕꯛ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
  • ꯁꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ꯫

ꯑꯦ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.ꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯕꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯕꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯂꯥꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯆꯥꯅꯕꯤꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯦꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ, ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯦꯜꯄꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯐꯣꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯑꯦꯕꯣꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ (AVPD) ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯁꯤ ꯁꯥꯡꯂꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯆꯠꯊꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯐꯨ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ, AVPDꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯝꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯑꯦ.ꯚꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.ꯕꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯑꯦꯕꯣꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ (AVPD) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ, ꯏꯃꯨꯡ-ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯔꯤ-ꯃꯇꯥꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ (ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ)

ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯑꯦꯕꯣꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ (AVPD) ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯀꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯦꯁꯅꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

APDꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯖꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ, ꯗꯤꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯪꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯩ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯑꯗꯣꯝ ꯈꯛꯇꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯉꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯁꯨ ꯔꯤꯂꯤꯐ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯌꯨ꯫


` ꯑꯦꯕꯣꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ, ꯑꯦ.ꯚꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ., ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ, ꯁꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯕꯤꯌꯥ, ꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ, ꯗꯤꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ, ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯜꯊ, ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ꯫

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

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ꯅꯈꯣꯌꯁꯨ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯔꯥ? ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯟꯅꯥꯏ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯔꯤꯕꯔꯥ? ꯃꯗꯨꯕꯨ (ꯑꯦꯕꯣꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ) ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯔꯥ?
ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯜꯊ꯫জুলাই ৫, ২০২৬

ꯅꯈꯣꯌꯁꯨ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯔꯥ? ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯟꯅꯥꯏ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯔꯤꯕꯔꯥ? ꯃꯗꯨꯕꯨ (ꯑꯦꯕꯣꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ) ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯔꯥ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ "ꯑꯣꯍ, ꯑꯩꯕꯨ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯃꯂꯣꯏ" ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ "ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ" ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ "ꯑꯩꯕꯨ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯒꯅꯤ" ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯤꯕꯔꯥ? ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ, ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯄꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯎꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯃꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯪꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯒꯗꯤ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯒꯗꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯦꯕꯣꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯑꯦꯕꯣꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ (AVPD) ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯄꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ "ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ", "ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ" ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯔꯤꯖꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯄꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯨꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯑꯦ.ꯚꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.ꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ "ꯀ꯭ꯂꯁ꯭ꯇꯔ ꯁꯤ" ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯨꯄꯇꯥ ꯆꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯅꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯃꯥꯖꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯦꯛꯇꯦꯁꯅꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯗꯕꯥ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠꯀꯤ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯦꯕꯣꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ (AVPD) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯍꯣꯌ, ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯎꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯅꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ (SAD) , ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯕꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜ ꯄꯤꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯊꯃꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ, ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯃꯥꯖꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯄꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯑꯦ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.ꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯟꯅꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯔꯤ-ꯃꯇꯥꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯁꯦꯜꯐ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯃꯦꯠ ꯅꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ . ꯁꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ (SAD)ꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯆꯔꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯁꯨ, APDꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯆꯔꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ꯫

ꯔꯤꯁꯔꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯦ.ꯚꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.ꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯗꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯇꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯦ.ꯚꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.ꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯤ ꯗꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦꯝ.-꯵ꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯗꯤ. ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯦꯁ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ, ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ? ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯔꯤꯁꯔꯆꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ 1.5% ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 2.5%ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯣꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ (AVPD) ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤꯂꯉ꯭ꯀꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

AVPD ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ 18ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯇꯔꯥꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯖꯤꯡ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯧꯏ . ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ AVPD ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ:

  • ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ (`ꯀ꯭ꯂꯤꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ` ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ `ꯃꯦꯖꯔ ꯗꯤꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ`)
  • ꯄꯔꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯗꯤꯞꯔꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯁꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯑꯣꯕꯁꯦꯁꯤꯚ-ꯀꯝꯄꯂꯁꯤꯚ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ (ꯑꯣ.ꯁꯤ.ꯗꯤ.)
  • ꯄꯦꯅꯤꯛ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯑꯦꯅꯣꯔꯦꯛꯁꯤꯌꯥ ꯅꯦꯔꯚꯣꯁꯥ꯫
  • ꯕꯤꯟꯖ ꯏꯇꯤꯡ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ꯫

ꯑꯦꯕꯣꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ (AVPD)ꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯨꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ:

  • ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯜꯐ-ꯏꯃꯦꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯕꯛ ꯐꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯉꯅꯥ ꯅꯉꯕꯨ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ, ꯅꯉꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯂꯕꯁꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯤ, "ꯑꯣꯍ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ꯫"
  • ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯒꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯁꯤꯖꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯤꯁꯂꯥꯏꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯍꯥꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯂꯧꯖꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ "ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯕꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯒꯅꯤ?"
  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯟꯅꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, "ꯑꯣꯍ, ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯣꯏ" ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯇꯥ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯑꯩꯍꯥꯛ ꯁꯣꯁꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯇꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯊꯥꯖꯖꯩ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯩꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯈꯅꯖꯩ, "ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯔꯥ?", "ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯋꯥ ꯉꯥꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯔꯥ?"
  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯑꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ (ꯅꯦꯒꯦꯇꯤꯚ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ) ꯂꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯉꯕꯨ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯇꯒꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯕꯁꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ "ꯑꯣꯍ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯈꯜꯂꯝꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯑꯩ ꯈꯉꯗꯦ꯫"
  • ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯏ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ "ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ" ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯩ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ? (ꯑꯦ.ꯚꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ

APD ꯌꯥꯎꯅꯥ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯔꯤꯁꯔꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯔꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯩ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯦ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.

  • ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯇꯤꯛꯁ: ꯁ꯭ꯇꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯦ.ꯚꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯶꯴%ꯗꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯖꯤꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯃꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯁꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫
  • ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ: ꯔꯤꯁꯔꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ. ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ, ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯁꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤꯕꯤꯇꯤ, ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯕꯥ, ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯆꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯜ: ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯆꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯜ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ AVPD ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯒꯥ ꯅꯛꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯂꯕꯁꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯊꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯗꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥ-ꯃꯄꯥꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯊꯤꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯆꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯅꯚꯥꯏꯔꯅꯃꯦꯟꯇ: ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯔꯤꯖꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯅꯕꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ AVPD ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ (AVPD) ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯒꯦ?

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ, ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ 18ꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ ꯑꯦꯕꯣꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ (AVPD) ꯂꯩ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯆꯨꯞꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛ-ꯍꯣꯡꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯗꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯅꯈꯤꯗꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯃꯥꯟ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

APD ꯌꯥꯎꯅꯥ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯏ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯌꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯗꯦ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯪꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯔꯨꯞ-ꯃꯄꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯁꯦꯂꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ , ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯤꯌꯥꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ APD ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ, ꯄꯥꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯪꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯁꯤꯖꯝ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯀꯥꯏ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯚꯥꯏꯔꯅꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯪꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯩ:

  • ꯍꯧꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ꯫
  • ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ꯫
  • ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡ꯫
  • ꯔꯤꯌꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ (ꯑꯔꯕꯥꯟ, ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯅꯒꯠꯂꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ)

APD ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯈꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯦꯁꯅꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯨꯡ-ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯔꯨꯞ-ꯃꯄꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯟ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯤꯌꯥꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯁꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯅꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯟꯌꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯁ (DSM-5)ꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ AVPD ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫

APD ꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ, ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯤꯗꯤ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ :

  • ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯁꯤꯖꯝ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯔꯤꯖꯦꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯃꯤꯟꯅꯕꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ-ꯋꯥꯇꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯃꯤꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯀꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯤꯗꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯆꯨꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯁꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯔꯤꯖꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯟꯅꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ꯫
  • ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯀꯄꯨ ꯃꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯤꯒꯥ ꯎꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ, ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯤꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯤꯡꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯏꯀꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯩꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, AVPDꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯁꯄꯣꯟꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦ.ꯚꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.ꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯊꯧꯒꯠꯄꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯨꯡ-ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯚꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯐꯪꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯄꯥꯀꯏ꯫

(ꯑꯦ.ꯚꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.)ꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ꯫

ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯅꯤ꯫ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯃꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠꯀꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯣꯇꯤꯚꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯇꯤꯚ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

APDꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯤ:

  • ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯣꯗꯥꯏꯅꯥꯃꯤꯛ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ: ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯃꯣꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯔꯨꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ꯫ ꯁꯦꯜꯐ-ꯔꯤꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯀꯣꯒꯅꯤꯇꯤꯚ ꯕꯤꯍꯦꯕꯤꯌꯔꯜ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ (CBT): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ, ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯃꯣꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯂꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯕꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯂꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯤ.ꯕꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯒꯦꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯥ ꯇꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯤꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

(ꯑꯦ.ꯚꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.)ꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ

ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯑꯦ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.ꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯇꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯅꯥ ꯑꯦ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.

ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯐꯂꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯦ.ꯚꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.ꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ (AVPD)ꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯎꯇꯂꯨꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, AVPDꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

  • ꯗꯤꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ, ꯁꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯌꯨꯖ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯄꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯄꯥꯔꯇꯝ ꯗꯤꯞꯔꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ꯫
  • ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ꯫
  • ꯊꯕꯛ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
  • ꯁꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ꯫

ꯑꯦ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.ꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯕꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯕꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯂꯥꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯆꯥꯅꯕꯤꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯦꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ, ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯦꯜꯄꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯐꯣꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯑꯦꯕꯣꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ (AVPD) ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯁꯤ ꯁꯥꯡꯂꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯆꯠꯊꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯐꯨ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ, AVPDꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯝꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯑꯦ.ꯚꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ.ꯕꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯑꯦꯕꯣꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ (AVPD) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ, ꯏꯃꯨꯡ-ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯔꯤ-ꯃꯇꯥꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ (ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ)

ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯑꯦꯕꯣꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ (AVPD) ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯀꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯦꯁꯅꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

APDꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯖꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ, ꯗꯤꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯪꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯩ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯑꯗꯣꯝ ꯈꯛꯇꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯉꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯁꯨ ꯔꯤꯂꯤꯐ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯌꯨ꯫


` ꯑꯦꯕꯣꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ, ꯑꯦ.ꯚꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯗꯤ., ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ, ꯁꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯕꯤꯌꯥ, ꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ, ꯗꯤꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ, ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯜꯊ, ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ꯫

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

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