ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯤꯔꯝꯂꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯃꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯉꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯉꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯒꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯏ ꯄꯨꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ (arteries)ꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯐꯧ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯏ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯏꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯦꯃꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯏ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯏ (`ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯁꯟꯇꯤꯡ`)꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯕꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯁꯟ (ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯨꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ)ꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯦꯃꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ (ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ) ꯏ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ (ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯅꯥ) ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯤꯚꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯑꯥꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯝ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯗꯤꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ . ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯆꯨꯞꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯞꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯚꯦꯟꯇꯤꯀꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯁꯦꯞꯇꯥꯜ ꯗꯤꯐꯦꯛꯇ (VSD) ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯗꯤꯐꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯝ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ:

• ꯑꯦꯠꯔꯣꯚꯦꯟꯇꯤꯀꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯀꯦꯅꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯠꯔꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯁꯦꯞꯇꯜ ꯗꯤꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ (ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯤꯜ ꯈꯣꯡꯕꯥ) .
• ꯄꯦꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯗꯛꯇꯁ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤꯑꯣꯁꯁ (ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ)
• ꯐꯦꯂꯣꯠꯀꯤ ꯇꯦꯠꯔꯥꯂꯣꯖꯤ (ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯃꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯝꯕꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ)
• ꯇ꯭ꯔꯉ꯭ꯀꯁ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤꯑꯣꯁꯁ `(ꯇ꯭ꯔꯉ꯭ꯀꯁ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤꯑꯣꯁ)`꯫

ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ, ꯗꯥꯎꯟ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯃꯅꯤ꯫ꯗꯥꯎꯟ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯝ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯩ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯝ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯗꯤ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯦꯂꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯝ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ 25% ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 50%ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥꯗꯤ ꯗꯥꯎꯟ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯃꯁꯨ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ, ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ . ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯗꯤꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯍꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ 1% ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 6%ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯔꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯔꯤꯌꯁ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯈꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯨꯝ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯁꯔꯛꯌꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ:

1. ꯔꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯦꯠꯔꯤꯌꯥꯝ (right atrium): ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ, ꯗꯤꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯈꯣꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯥꯏꯠ ꯚꯦꯟꯇꯤꯂꯦꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯄꯝꯄ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

2. ꯔꯥꯏꯠ ꯚꯦꯟꯇꯤꯂꯦꯇꯔ (right ventricle): ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯐꯪꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫

3. ꯂꯦꯐꯠ ꯑꯦꯠꯔꯤꯌꯥꯝ (left atrium): ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯜꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯚꯦꯟꯇꯤꯂꯦꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫

4. ꯂꯦꯐꯠ ꯚꯦꯟꯇꯤꯂꯦꯇꯔ (left ventricle): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯝꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯟꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯔꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯦꯐꯠ ꯚꯦꯟꯇꯤꯂꯦꯇꯔ (VSD)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯍꯨꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ? ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯏ (ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯥ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯕꯥ ꯏ (ꯑꯔꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ) ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯩ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯏ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡꯁꯨ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜꯂꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯉꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯧꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ, ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯆꯤꯜꯂꯀꯏ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯈꯔꯅꯤ:

• ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ (Angina) .
• ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯌꯥꯡꯕꯥ (Arrhythmias) - ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯊꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ (Clubbing) - ꯗ꯭ꯔꯨꯃꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯀꯣꯀꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ꯫
• ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯤꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯉꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯨ (Cyanosis) - ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯗꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯈꯣꯡ, ꯈꯣꯡ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ (edema)꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ (heart palpitations)ꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯋꯥꯠꯄꯥ (Lethargy)꯫
• ꯗꯤꯁꯞꯅꯤꯌꯥ (Dyspnea) - ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ (dispnea) - ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ (dispnea)꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ, ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ:

• ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯑꯦꯕꯁꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯃꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯗꯕꯥ (Cerebral vascular insufficiency)꯫
• ꯒꯥꯎꯠ꯫
• ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ, ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯑꯦꯟꯗꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯇꯤꯁ꯫
• ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ (Hyperviscosity syndrome)꯫
• ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜꯂꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ (ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏ)꯫
• ꯌꯩꯕ.
• ꯈꯉꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯕꯥ꯫

ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯨꯔꯒꯗꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ, ꯅꯠꯇꯦ? ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯆꯪꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯒꯦ?

ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯥꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯤꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯕꯇꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯥꯕꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯎ꯫

ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯅꯐꯥꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯏꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯌꯦꯛ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ (cardiac catheterization): ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫
• ꯆꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯇ (CBC)꯫
• ꯏꯀꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ (Echocardiogram - echo): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ (EKG/ECG): ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
• ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ꯫
• ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯒꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯝ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯃꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯇꯤꯀꯁꯤꯡ: ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯡꯏ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤꯀꯣꯑꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ: ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ (ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ) : ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯀꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯟꯗꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯟ ꯔꯤꯁꯦꯄꯇꯔ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯥꯒꯣꯅꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯍꯥꯏ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯁꯞꯂꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ: ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯋꯥꯠꯄꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯁꯞꯂꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ: ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ꯫

ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯥꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯝ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯄꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯊꯩ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯞꯂꯥꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯗꯨꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯍꯣꯌ, ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯝ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯉꯥꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯗꯤ ꯌꯥꯔꯤꯕꯃꯈꯩ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯃꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯝ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯝ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯄꯣꯄꯨꯂꯦꯁꯅꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯐ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯦꯛꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ, ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯗꯤꯐꯦꯛꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯄꯣꯟꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯉꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯝ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯝ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ, ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜꯂꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯟꯅꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯜꯇ ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ (`(ꯑꯦꯗꯜꯇ ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ)`) ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯩꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯝ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯅꯕꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯒꯨꯟ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯀꯁꯤꯡ: ꯱.

• ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ: ꯁꯣꯜꯇ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯔꯤꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯀꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ: ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯑꯦꯟꯖꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛ ꯅꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯤꯌꯨ꯫
• ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯀꯎ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯗꯤꯍꯥꯌꯗ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ (`(Staying hydrated)`) : ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯔꯕꯥ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯆꯞ ꯆꯥꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯗꯣꯖ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯂꯧꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯗꯥꯛꯇꯔ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯇꯤꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯍꯪꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯇꯧꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯀꯁꯤꯡ: ꯱.

• ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯚꯦꯂꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ (`(High altitudes)`): ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯋꯥꯠꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯁꯧꯅꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯝ ꯔꯨꯝ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯣꯠ ꯇꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯊꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯕꯥ ꯊꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯇꯧ꯫

ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯋꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯅꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯧꯏ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯨ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯤꯟ (cyanosis), ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫

ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯀꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯊꯔꯦ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯔꯤꯕꯃꯈꯩ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯗꯤꯐꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯩ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫

` ꯏꯁꯦꯅꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯔ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯝ, ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ, ꯄꯂꯃꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ, ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ, ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ, ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ, ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ꯫