ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯁꯤ? (ꯐꯦꯃꯨꯔ ꯕꯣꯟ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯟ.

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯡꯕꯥ, ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯡꯅꯥꯑꯣꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯍꯤꯄꯇꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯟꯊꯣꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯐꯦꯃꯔ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯨꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯜꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯊꯨꯒꯥꯏꯕꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯏ꯫ ꯈꯟꯊꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ 30ꯗꯤ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯦꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ꯫

ꯐꯤꯃꯔꯒꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯐꯤꯃꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ .

• ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ- ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ : ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯟꯊꯦꯡꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯏ꯫
• ꯃꯁꯜ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ (Muscle Attachment): ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯤꯄꯐꯝ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯜ, ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯤꯒꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯤꯃꯔ ꯕꯣꯟ (femur bone)ꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ, ꯁꯥꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ: ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯊꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯏ꯫

ꯕꯣꯟ ꯃꯦꯔꯣ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯔꯦꯗ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯃꯦꯔꯣꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯏ ꯁꯦꯝꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯗ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯋꯥꯏꯠ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯇꯂꯦꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯌꯦꯜꯂꯣ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯃꯦꯔꯣꯅꯥ ꯐꯦꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯔ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯐꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯄꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯨ, ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯤꯂꯦꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯐꯦꯃꯔ ꯕꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫

ꯐꯤꯝꯌꯨꯔ (femur) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯉꯥꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ (hamstrings and quadriceps)ꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ-ꯃꯔꯩ ꯐꯥꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯃꯝ (femur) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯏꯟꯆꯤ 18 ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ:

• ꯐꯦꯃꯣꯔꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯗ (femoral Head): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯕꯣꯜ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁꯀꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯄꯐꯝ (hip joint) ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯖꯣꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯦꯠ ꯖꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫
• ꯐꯦꯃꯣꯔꯦꯜ ꯅꯦꯛ: ꯱.ꯐꯦꯃꯣꯔꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯗꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ꯫ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ-ꯊꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯔꯅꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯐꯦꯃꯣꯔꯦꯜ ꯁꯥꯐꯝ (femoral shaft): ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯡꯕꯥ, ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯇꯧꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯄꯤ꯫
• ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯟꯗ: ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯊꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯟ ꯕꯣꯟ (tibia) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯤꯀꯦꯞ (patella)ꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯩ꯫

ꯐꯤꯝꯌꯨꯔꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯐꯤꯝꯌꯨꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ, ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯄꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯦꯇꯦꯂꯣꯐꯦꯃꯣꯔꯦꯜ ꯄꯦꯟ ꯁꯤꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫

1. ꯐꯦꯃꯔ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯃꯔꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯊꯨꯒꯥꯏꯕꯗꯥ ꯐꯣꯔꯁ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯆꯪꯏ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯒꯥꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯆꯪꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯐꯦꯃꯔ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫ ꯐꯤꯃꯔꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ . ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ,

• ꯊꯣꯡ-ꯊꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ (thigh area) ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯊꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫
• ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯍꯣꯡꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ .

ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯗꯤꯄꯥꯔꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ (ꯏ.ꯇꯤ.ꯌꯨ.) . ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯅꯐꯥꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯂꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯥꯏ . ꯐꯤꯃꯔ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯄꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯙꯥꯇꯨꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯇꯁꯤꯡ, ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯏꯇꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯔꯣꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯤꯛꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯑꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯁꯨ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

꯲.ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯄꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯌꯥꯃꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ, ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯆꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯄꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯃꯔ (femur)ꯗꯁꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯐꯤꯝꯌꯨꯔ (femur) ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯆꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯠꯄꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ DEXA (DXA) ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯔꯤꯐꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯄꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

꯳.ꯄꯦꯇꯦꯂꯣꯐꯦꯃꯣꯔꯦꯜ ꯄꯦꯟ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯝ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ "ꯔꯅꯔꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯎ" ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯀꯧꯏ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯔꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯎ (patella) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯤꯃꯔ ꯕꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ (dull, aching pain) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ,

• ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯡꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯐꯤꯃꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯡꯂꯛꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯑꯆꯦꯠꯄꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯂꯦꯇꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯌꯥꯃꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯌꯥꯃꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯃꯥꯁ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫

• ꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯌꯝ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯇꯇꯥ ꯁꯉ꯭ꯒꯣꯝ, ꯌꯣꯒꯔ, ꯆꯦꯡ, ꯑꯁꯪꯕꯥ ꯎꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯥꯁꯤꯡ (ꯁꯔꯨ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ) ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯌꯝ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯌꯝ ꯇꯦꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯚꯤꯇꯥꯃꯤꯟ D ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ:ꯚꯤꯇꯥꯃꯤꯟ D ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯌꯝ ꯆꯨꯃꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯉꯥꯂꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯗꯒꯤ ꯚꯤꯇꯥꯃꯤꯟ ꯗꯤ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ: ꯋꯦꯠ ꯂꯤꯐꯇꯤꯡ , ꯋꯥꯀꯤꯡ , ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯈꯠꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫
• ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯌꯨ: ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯐꯦꯃꯔ ꯕꯣꯟ, ꯐꯦꯃꯔ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ, ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯄꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁ, ꯕꯣꯟ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ꯫