ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌ ꯁꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯔꯥ? ꯍꯤꯌꯥꯇꯥꯜ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ!

ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯃꯁ꯭ꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯩꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯀꯄꯥ , ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯩ ꯆꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯀꯣꯀꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯍꯤꯌꯥꯇꯥꯜ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯤꯔꯝꯂꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯇꯒꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯍꯤꯌꯥꯇꯥꯜ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯁꯂꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯐ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ . ꯃꯁꯤ ꯔꯨꯝ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯇꯣꯈꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯨꯗ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ( esophagus )ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯣꯀꯊꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯆꯦꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ, ꯐꯨꯗ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯐ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯨꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯍꯣꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯍꯤꯌꯥꯇꯁ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫

ꯍꯤꯌꯥꯇꯥꯜ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯨꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯕꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯕꯇꯅꯍꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯕꯇꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯍꯤꯌꯥꯇꯥꯜ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯑꯉꯀꯄꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ ꯍꯤꯌꯥꯇꯥꯜ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯎꯠꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯤꯌꯥꯇꯥꯜ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ?

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯤꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯂꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ: ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯌꯥꯇꯁ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯆꯍꯤ ꯌꯥꯃꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯌꯥꯃꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯐ꯭ꯔꯥꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯏꯟꯠꯔꯥ-ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ: ꯇꯣꯏꯂꯦꯠꯇꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯛ ꯈꯨꯕꯥ, ꯍꯦꯚꯤ ꯂꯤꯐꯇꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯏꯟꯠꯔꯥ-ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯊꯥꯡꯒꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯑꯣꯕꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤ: ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ: ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇ꯫

ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯣ?

• ꯑꯣꯕꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ꯫
• ꯆꯍꯤ ꯵꯰ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ꯫
• ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜꯂꯤꯕꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ꯫
• ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ (abdominal pain)ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯐꯥꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ, ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

1. ꯕꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯝ ꯁꯣꯂꯣ: ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯕꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯝ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯕꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯁꯣꯐꯦꯒꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦꯗꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

꯲.ꯑꯦꯟꯗꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ: ꯱ .ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯣꯛꯇꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯁꯣꯐꯦꯒꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯀꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫

3. ꯏꯁꯣꯐꯦꯖꯤꯌꯜ ꯃꯦꯅꯣꯃꯦꯠꯔꯤ (Esophageal Manometry): ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯣꯐꯦꯒꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

4. pH ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ: ꯐꯤꯗꯤꯡ ꯇꯤꯎꯕꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯦꯄꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗꯀꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯡ 48 ꯔꯣꯝ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯀꯦꯄꯆꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯁꯤꯜꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯂꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯁ ꯇꯧꯔꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫

ꯍꯤꯌꯥꯇꯥꯜ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐꯪꯗꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯩ:

ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ (ꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯤꯡ) .

ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯐꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯛ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫

• ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯛ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯣꯟ ꯄꯝꯄ ꯏꯅꯍꯤꯕꯤꯇꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ H2 ꯔꯤꯁꯦꯞꯇꯔ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯀꯔꯁꯤꯡ: ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯀꯇꯥ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯀꯤꯅꯦꯇꯤꯛꯁ: ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯣꯐꯦꯒꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯈꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯂꯦꯟꯕ

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ:

• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯍꯣꯜ (ꯂꯦꯄꯥꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯤ) ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯶ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯆꯪꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ: ꯑꯃꯨꯀꯈꯛꯇꯪ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯐꯦꯠ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ: ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯝ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯁꯁꯁꯤꯡ, ꯇꯩꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ (ꯆꯤꯄꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ) ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯗꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯛꯂꯦꯟ ꯇꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ: ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯗꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯛꯂꯦꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯡ 3-4ꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯥꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯂꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯇꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ: ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯇꯨꯝꯃꯨ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯛꯀꯗꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗꯀꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯀꯅꯨ: ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯠꯆꯤꯜꯂꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯐꯠꯇꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯎ:ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ (ꯄꯣꯏꯖꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯆꯣꯀꯣꯂꯦꯠ, ꯁꯥꯏꯠꯔꯁ ꯃꯅꯥ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡ, ꯀꯣꯐꯤ)ꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯠꯆꯤꯜꯂꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯨ꯫