Njira yatsopano yodziwira khansa: Zonse zokhudza biopsy yamadzimadzi!

Kodi munamvapo za mawu akuti "liquid biopsy "? Mwina dokotala wanu anakuuzanipo za izi, kapena munawerengapo za izi kwinakwake. Iyi ndi njira yofunika kwambiri komanso yatsopano yoyesera matenda a khansa. Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tikambirane za izi mosavuta komanso momveka bwino lero. Palibe choopa, zili ngati mnzanu akufotokozerani zinazake.

Kodi njira yodziwira matenda amadzimadzi imeneyi ndi yotani? N'zosavuta kwambiri!

Mwachidule, kuyezetsa magazi pang'ono ndi njira yoyezera magazi yomwe imatenga magazi ochepa . Izi zimatha kuzindikira ngati pali zotupa za khansa. Tangoganizirani kuti pamene chotupa cha khansa chikukulirakulira, zidutswa zazing'ono zake zimatha kusweka ndikulowa m'magazi anu. Zidutswa zimenezo ndi zomwe kuyezetsa magazi kumeneku kumazindikira.

Mayeso awa akuyang'ana zinthu ziwiri zazikulu:

• Maselo Ozungulira Chotupa (CTCs): Awa ndi maselo a khansa omwe amachoka pa chotupacho ndikuyenda m'magazi mwanu, ngati akazitape ang'onoang'ono.
• DNA yozungulira khansa (ctDNA): Izi ndi zidutswa za DNA zomwe zimatuluka m'maselo a khansa ndikulowa m'magazi. Monga mukudziwa, DNA ili ngati buku lomwe lili ndi jini yomwe imalamulira machitidwe a maselo athu. Chifukwa chake, zidutswa za ctDNA izi zingatiuze zambiri zokhudza khansa.

Kupezeka kwa `(CTCs)` kapena `(ctDNA)` m'magazi mwanu ndi umboni wakuti pali chotupa cha khansa kwinakwake m'thupi lanu. Komanso, popeza zidutswazi zimaperekanso `(zambiri za majini )` a khansa, zidzakhala zothandiza kwambiri kwa dokotala wanu posankha chithandizo chomwe chili choyenera kwa inu.

Kuyeza kwa madzi m'thupi ndi njira yatsopano. Kungathe kusintha kwambiri pankhani yochiza khansa. Pali kale njira zingapo zomwe zavomerezedwa ndi bungwe la US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Kafukufuku pa izi akupitirirabe.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa biopsy yamadzimadzi ndi biopsy yanthawi zonse yomwe timaidziwa?

Mwina mwamvapo za biopsy yachizolowezi. M'menemo, dokotala amatenga chidutswa chaching'ono cha minofu mwachindunji kuchokera ku chotupa cha khansa ndikuchiyesa mu labu kuti aone ngati chili ndi maselo a khansa.

Komabe, mu biopsy yamadzimadzi, chidutswa cha chotupacho sichitengedwa mwachindunji . M'malo mwake, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kufufuza umboni wa khansa, yomwe ndi maselo a khansa ``CTCs`` kapena DNA ``ctDNA`` ya khansa yomwe tidakambirana kale, m'magazi.

Kuyeza magazi nthawi zonse (biopsy) kumaonedwa kuti ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yodziwira ngati khansa ilipo. Kumatchedwanso kuti "muyezo wagolide."

Mu biopsy yamadzimadzi, ngakhale mutakhala ndi khansa, palibe chitsimikizo 100% choti mudzatha kuzindikira zizindikiro zake mu magazi amodzi. Komabe, ngati khansa yapezeka mu biopsy yamadzimadzi, chidziwitso chomwe chimapereka chokhudza maselo a khansa n'chofunika kwambiri, ndipo chingathandize kwambiri madokotala pokonzekera chithandizo.

Kodi ndi nthawi ziti pamene biopsy yamadzimadzi imachitidwa?

Dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti mupange biopsy yamadzimadzi m'milandu iyi:

• Ngati muli ndi khansa yofalikira m'thupi yomwe yafalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi lanu ndipo chithandizo chomwe mukupeza panopa sichikugwira ntchito monga momwe mukuyembekezerera, khansa yofalikira m'thupi ndi khansa yoopsa kwambiri yomwe yafalikira m'thupi lanu lonse. Ikafalikira motere, zimakhala zosavuta kuti zidutswa za khansayo zisweke ndikulowa m'magazi mwanu.

Dokotala angapereke chilolezo cha biopsy yamadzimadzi kuti adziwe zinthu monga:

• Dziwani nthawi yoti khansa ichitike: Kuyeza magazi m'magazi kumatha kuzindikira maselo otupa (CTCs) a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya khansa . Kuchuluka kwa maselo a khansa m'magazi kumasonyeza kuti khansa ichitika bwino. Kuchuluka kwa maselo a khansa kumasonyeza kuti khansa ikuchitika moyipa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, dokotala wanu akhoza kuchita mayesowa nthawi ndi nthawi kuti ayang'anire matenda anu ndikusintha chithandizo chanu ngati pakufunika kutero.
• Pangani zisankho pa chithandizo: Pali mankhwala omwe amangokhudza maselo enaake a khansa (mankhwala olunjika). Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati selo la khansa lili ndi cholakwika china (kusintha) mu DNA yake, likhoza kupatsidwa mankhwala enaake opangidwa kuti athane ndi cholakwikacho. Kuyeza kwamadzimadzi kungapeze zolakwika izi. Dokotala wanu akhoza kukupatsani chithandizo chomwe chili ndi cholakwika chimenecho.

Komanso, mutha kuchitidwa opaleshoni yamadzimadzi ngakhale kuti opaleshoni yanthawi zonse siingathe kuzindikira khansa. Izi zili choncho chifukwa opaleshoni yanthawi zonse ndi njira yowopsa kwambiri kuposa opaleshoni yamadzimadzi. Mwina simungakhale ndi thanzi labwino kuti mutenge opaleshoni. Kapena, kutengera komwe chotupacho chili , zingakhale zovuta kuchotsa chidutswa chake popanda kuwononga ziwalo zofunika zapafupi.

Ndi mayeso ati a biopsy amadzimadzi omwe avomerezedwa ndi FDA?

Mayeso ovomerezedwa ndi U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ndi omwe afufuzidwa bwino ndipo atsimikiziridwa kuti ndi otetezeka komanso olondola. Mayeso angapo a biopsy yamadzimadzi akadali mu gawo lofufuza. Pali mayeso akuluakulu anayi omwe avomerezedwa ndi FDA pakadali pano:

1. Mayeso a Cell Search® Circulating Tumor Cell (CTC): Mayeso awa a CTC. Chifuwa, prostateIzi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti tidziwe momwe anthu omwe ali ndi khansa yafalikira m'matumbo kapena m'matumbo. Ngati pali CTC zochepa m'magazi, chimenecho ndi chizindikiro chabwino. Ngati pali CTC zambiri, ndiye kuti sizili bwino.

2. Mayeso a kusintha kwa EGFR a cobas® v2: Izi zimayesa ctDNA. Zimazindikira kusintha kwa majini otchedwa EGFR, komwe kumachitika kawirikawiri mu khansa ya m'mapapo yopanda maselo ang'onoang'ono (NSCLC). Izi zingathandize dokotala wanu kusankha chithandizo chomwe chili chabwino kwambiri cholimbana ndi kusinthako.

3. Guardant360® CDx: Izi zimayang'ananso ctDNA. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira zolakwika za majini zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri m'maselo a khansa. Izi zimathandiza dokotala kusankha chithandizo chothandiza kwambiri.

4. FoundationOne® Liquid CDx: Izi zimayang'ananso ctDNA. Izi zimathandiza kuzindikira zolakwika za majini (kusintha kwa majini) mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya khansa. Izi zimathandiza dokotala kusankha chithandizo choyenera kwambiri.

Kodi kuyezetsa magazi m'thupi kumachitika bwanji? Kodi kumapweteka?

Kuyezetsa magazi m'madzi ndi njira yosavuta yoyezetsera magazi . Monga momwe mungachitire poyesa magazi nthawi zonse. Dokotala kapena namwino amatenga chitsanzo cha magazi kuchokera m'dzanja lanu ndikutumiza ku labu kuti akayesedwe.

Ku labu, makina amalekanitsa magazi anu kukhala magawo a maselo (gawo lolimba) ndi plasma (gawo lamadzi). Kenako, katswiri wa matenda, katswiri wophunzitsidwa kusanthula zitsanzo zamadzimadzi ndi minofu, amafufuza zizindikiro za matenda mu gawo la plasma, lotchedwa CTCs kapena ctDNA.

Kodi izi zimapweteka? Ayi, kufufuzidwa kwa madzi kumamveka ngati kupereka magazi. Singano ikalowetsedwa m'dzanja lanu, mungamve kunjenjemera pang'ono, ngati kulumidwa ndi nyerere. Koma kusasangalala kumeneko kumatha msanga.

Ubwino umodzi wa biopsy yamadzimadzi ndi wakuti ndi njira yosapweteka kwambiri komanso yosapweteka poyerekeza ndi biopsy yanthawi zonse.

Kodi zotsatira za mayesowa zikuti chiyani?

Zotsatira za mayeso zimakuuzani ngati magazi anu ali ndi `(CTCs)` kapena `(ctDNA)` (`positive`) kapena ayi (`negative`) .

• Ngati zotsatira zake ndi ``zabwino`` , zikutanthauza kuti zinthu zomwe zatchulidwazi zilipo m'magazi. Kenako, mayesowa angathandizenso kudziwa mtundu wa khansa yomwe muli nayo. Makamaka, mayeso omwe amafufuza ``(ctDNA)`` amathanso kuzindikira zolakwika za majini zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mitundu ina ya khansa.

Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti mupeze zotsatira zake? Kodi njira yodziwira matenda amadzimadzi ndi yolondola bwanji?

Zotsatira za mayeso nthawi zambiri ziyenera kupezeka mkati mwa milungu iwiri kapena itatu .

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone kulondola kwa izi. Mayeso a biopsy amadzimadzi omwe avomerezedwa ndi FDA, apangidwira chiyani, ndipo amachita ntchito imeneyo.

• Dokotala akhoza kudziwa momwe matenda anu adzakhalire mtsogolo ndikuyang'anira momwe matenda anu adzakhalire kudzera mu mayeso a `(CTC)`.
• Chifukwa mayeso a ``(ctDNA)`` amatha kuzindikira zolakwika za majini mu DNA ya maselo a khansa, amathandiza kupanga zisankho zamankhwala.

Komabe, njira yodziwira khansa yamadzimadzi siingathe kudaliridwa nthawi zonse kuti ipeze matenda a khansa motsimikizika 100% . Njira yodziwira khansa imafunika kuti itsimikizire kupezeka kwa khansa.

Mayeso a biopsy yamadzimadzi pakadali pano ndi gawo lofufuza ndi chitukuko chogwira ntchito. Kutha kuzindikira ndikuwunika khansa pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso osavuta a magazi ndi nkhani yaikulu. Kafukufuku akuchitika kuti apange mayeso a biopsy yamadzimadzi omwe amatha kuzindikira khansa isanayambe. Komabe, kafukufuku wowonjezereka akufunika kuti amvetsetse kuthekera konse kwa biopsy yamadzimadzi. Kale, akuthandiza kale kuzindikira mitundu ina ya khansa ndikupanga zisankho zamankhwala pazochitika zinazake. M'tsogolomu, mwina adzapeza zabwino zambiri.

Pomaliza, zinthu zomwe tiyenera kukumbukira

Chabwino, takambirana zambiri zokhudza kuyezetsa magazi m'thupi. Nazi zinthu zingapo zofunika kukumbukira:

• Kuyeza magazi m'magazi (liquid biopsy) ndi njira yatsopano yofufuzira zizindikiro za khansa m'magazi .
• Izi zimatha kuzindikira `(CTCs)` (maselo a khansa) ndi `(ctDNA)` (DNA ya khansa).
• Palibe kupweteka kwakukulu kapena kupweteka monga kuchitidwa opaleshoni ya biopsy nthawi zonse.
• Izi zimathandiza kudziwa momwe khansa idzakhalire mtsogolo komanso kusankha chithandizo .
• Mayeso ena ovomerezedwa ndi FDA alipo kale.
• Komabe, kuti mutsimikizire khansa, kuyezetsa magazi nthawi zonse kungafunike .
• Uwu ndi ukadaulo womwe ukupitabe patsogolo ndipo ukhoza kukhala wothandiza kwambiri mtsogolo.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti, ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena nkhawa zokhudzana ndi izi, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu. Iye akhoza kukufotokozerani zonse m'njira yoyenera kwa inu.

Ndikukhulupirira kuti izi zikuthandizani! Khalani ndi thanzi labwino!

` Kufufuza kwa Madzi, Khansa, Kuzindikira Khansa, ctDNA, CTC, Kuyesa Magazi, Chithandizo cha Khansa