Kodi katswiri wa radiology uyu ndi ndani? Tiyeni tidziwe bwino lomwe!

Mwina munachitidwapo X-ray, CT scan, kapena MRI scan. Kapena dokotala wanu mwina anakupemphani kuti muyesedwe. Ndiye kodi mukudziwa munthu amene akuyang'ana ma scan awa ndikukuuzani zomwe zikuchitika m'thupi lanu? Ameneyo ndiye katswiri wa radiology amene tikambirane lero.

Kodi katswiri wotchedwa radiologist uyu ndi ndani?

Mwachidule, katswiri wa radiology ndi dokotala waluso. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana zojambula zithunzi , zomwe timazitcha makina ojambulira, kuti afufuze mkati mwa matupi athu, kuzindikira matenda ndi kuvulala, ndipo nthawi zina amathandiza ndi chithandizo. Taganizirani izi, mkati mwa matupi athu simukuwoneka kuchokera kunja, kotero madokotalawa amafufuza mkati mwa thupi ndi zida zapadera ndikupeza ngati pali cholakwika pamenepo.

Kodi zipangizo zojambulira zimenezi zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito ndi ziti?

Pali mitundu ingapo ya zida zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito. Mwina mwamvapo za mayina awa. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe ali:

• Kujambula kwa CT ( computed tomography - CT) : Anthu ena amatchanso izi kuti "CAT scan". Izi zitha kutenga zithunzi zamkati mwa thupi mwatsatanetsatane. Zingathe kuwona mbali za thupi lonse, monga kudula buledi.
• Fluoroscopy : Izi zili ngati X-ray yoyenda. Imakupatsani mwayi wowona momwe ziwalo mkati mwa thupi zimagwirira ntchito nthawi yomweyo , monga kanema. Mwachitsanzo, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwona momwe madzi amayendera mukameza.
• Kujambula Zithunzi Zosakanikirana : Izi zimaphatikizapo kuphatikiza zithunzi kuchokera ku mitundu iwiri yosiyana ya ma scan, monga ``(PET)`` scan ndi ``(CT)`` scan, kuti mupeze zambiri zomveka bwino komanso zatsatanetsatane. Chinachake chomwe sichikuwoneka mu scan imodzi chimawoneka mu inayo, ndipo ziwirizi zikaphatikizidwa, chithunzi chonse chimapezeka.
• Kujambula kwa MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging - MRI) ndi Magnetic Resonance Angiography - MRA : MRI imatha kupanga zithunzi zomveka bwino komanso zatsatanetsatane. MRI ndi yothandiza kwambiri poyang'ana minofu yofewa monga ubongo, chingwe cha msana, mafupa, ndi minofu. Sigwiritsa ntchito kuwala, koma imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya maginito. MRA ndi mtundu wapadera wa MRI womwe umayang'ana mitsempha yamagazi.
• Mammography : Mwina munamvapo za izi, mayeso apadera a ``(X-ray)`` omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira khansa ya m'mawere msanga. Iyi ndi mayeso ofunikira kwambiri kwa akazi.
• Kujambula Mankhwala a Nyukiliya: Izi zimaphatikizapo kupereka mankhwala ochepa kwambiri opanda vuto ('radioactive tracer') ku thupi (kaya kudzera pakamwa kapena jakisoni), ndikuwonera akuyenda m'thupi ndi kamera yapadera ('gamma camera`). Izi zingapereke lingaliro labwino la momwe ziwalo zikugwirira ntchito komanso momwe zikugwirira ntchito. Zitsanzo zikuphatikizapo thyroid scan ndi fupa scan.
• Kujambula kwa PET ( Positron Emission Tomography - PET) : Iyi ndi njira yapadera yojambulira yomwe imagwera m'gulu la ``Nuclear Medicine Imaging''. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kuona ngati maselo a khansa alipo, ngati afalikira, komanso momwe akuyankhira chithandizo. Ingayang'anenso momwe maselo m'thupi amagwirira ntchito.
• Ultrasound : Izi zimagwiritsa ntchito mafunde amphamvu kwambiri kuti apange zithunzi za mkati mwa thupi. Izi sizigwiritsanso ntchito kuwala kwa dzuwa. Nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa mwana ali ndi pakati komanso kuyang'ana ziwalo zam'mimba (monga chiwindi, impso, ndi ndulu).
• Ma X-ray : Iyi ndi mayeso omwe tonse timawadziwa, ndipo nthawi zambiri ndi oyamba kuchitidwa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza zinthu monga kusweka kwa mafupa, komanso kutenga X-ray pachifuwa kuti aone matenda monga chibayo m'mapapo.

Kodi madera akuluakulu a radiology ndi ati?

Pali madera atatu akuluakulu a radiology . Ndiko kuti, madera atatu akuluakulu omwe akatswiri a radiology amachita bwino.

1. Kuzindikira Matenda a X-ray

2. Kusanthula kwa Ma X-ray

3. Kansa ya Ma radiation

Pali zina zapadera pansi pa gawo lililonse la magawo awa. Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane za magawo atatu akuluakulu awa mwatsatanetsatane .

1. Kodi Diagnostic Radiology ndi chiyani?

Uwu ndi gawo lomwe takhala tikulimva kawirikawiri, ndipo ndi lomwe timalidziwa bwino kwambiri. Akatswiri a Radiyo Ofufuza Amafufuza ma scan omwe tatchula kale, kutanthauza kuti , amawasanthula (kuwatanthauzira) , ndikuwona momwe kapangidwe ndi ziwalo mkati mwa thupi zilili. Kuchokera pazithunzi izi, amatha:

• Kuzindikira matenda. Mwachitsanzo, ngati muli ndi chifuwa ndipo mwalandira X-ray, mungaone ngati muli ndi chibayo. Kapena, ngati mutu wanu ukupweteka, mungalandire MRI kuti muwone ngati muli ndi vuto longa chotupa muubongo.
• Ngati panopa mukulandira chithandizo cha matenda, yang'anirani momwe chithandizo chanu chikuyankhidwira.Tangoganizirani kuchita CT scan ya munthu amene akulandira chithandizo cha khansa ndikuona ngati chotupacho chachepa, chakula, kapena sichinasinthe.
• Kuyezetsa matenda osiyanasiyana. Izi zikutanthauza kuyang'ana ngati pali matenda musanayambe zizindikiro. Mwachitsanzo, kuyezetsa mammography kuti mupeze khansa ya m'mawere msanga, kuyezetsa kuti muwone khansa ya m'matumbo, kapena kuyezetsa kuti muwone ngati pali matenda a mtima.

2. Kodi Interventional Radiology ndi chiyani?

Ili ndi gawo losiyana komanso losangalatsa kwambiri. Akatswiri a Radiyo amagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wojambulira zithunzi monga CT scans, ultrasound, ndi MRI kuti achite chithandizo chopanda opaleshoni. Mwachidule, amayang'ana ma scan awa ndikuyika zida zazing'ono monga ma catheter (machubu owonda) ndi mawaya m'thupi kuti achite chithandizo. Izi sizimafuna kudula kwakukulu, koma kudula kochepa . Izi zimapangitsa kuti nthawi yochira ikhale yochepa komanso zovuta zochepa.

Tangoganizani, monga momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito GPS kuti mupeze njira yanu, madokotala awa amagwiritsa ntchito zithunzi zojambulira kuti apite pamalo oyenera mkati mwa thupi ndikukuchizani.

Zina mwa matenda omwe amachiritsidwa ndi njira iyi ndi awa:

• Khansa kapena zotupa. Zotupa zina zimachiritsidwa mwa kuzibaya mankhwala mwachindunji (`chemoembolization`), kapena mwa kutseka mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imazipereka (`embolization`) kuti iwononge chotupacho, kapena pogwiritsa ntchito kutentha (`ablation`).
• Kutsekeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi kapena mitsempha. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mtsempha wamagazi womwe uli m'mwendo watsekeka, ukhoza kutsegulidwa ndi baluni (angioplasty) kapena stent (chubu chaching'ono cha maukonde) ikhoza kuyikidwa kuti ibwezeretse kuyenda kwa magazi.
• Uterine fibroids. Izi zitha kuchiritsidwanso ndi ``embolization``.
• Kupweteka kwa msana. Pa ululu wina wa msana, zinthu monga jakisoni wa steroid zitha kuperekedwa pamalo oyenera kutengera scan.
• Mavuto ena a chiwindi ndi impso. Mwachitsanzo, njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita biopsy (chidutswa cha minofu chimatengedwa kuti chikaunikidwe) kapena kuyika machubu m'mitsempha yotsekeka ya ndulu kapena mkodzo.

3. Kodi Radiation Oncology ndi chiyani?

Timanena kuti njira zina zojambulira zithunzi zimaphatikizapo kuwala kwa dzuwa. Komabe, zikagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira matenda, kuwalako sikungagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza matenda. Komabe, pali akatswiri otchedwa Radiation Oncologists omwe amachita chithandizo cha kuwala kwa dzuwa.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa ndi matenda ena omwe si a khansa (osaopsa).

Chithandizo cha khansa pogwiritsa ntchito ma radiation ndi njira yochizira khansa yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamphamvu, monga ma X-ray kapena mitundu ina ya ma radiation, kupha maselo a khansa kapena kuwaletsa kukula ndi kugawikana. Imagwira ntchito powononga DNA ya maselo a khansa.

Madokotala a khansa ya radiation awa ndi omwe amakonza ndi kusankha mlingo woyenera wa radiation pa mtundu uliwonse wa khansa, momwe angakulitsire zotsatira pa maselo a khansa pomwe akuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa maselo athanzi. Amadziwanso chithandizo chomwe chili chabwino kwambiri pa mtundu wanu wa khansa, mtundu wa khansayo, komanso thanzi lanu lonse.

Kodi madokotala a Radiologists ndi madokotala?

Inde, ndithudi! Akatswiri a radiology ndi madokotala. Akatswiri onse a radiology ovomerezeka adamaliza sukulu ya zamankhwala ndipo adapeza digiri ya udokotala, kaya Doctor of Medicine (MD) kapena Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (DO) . Chifukwa chake, ali ndi chidziwitso chambiri cha zamankhwala chokhudza thupi ndi matenda.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa Radiologist ndi Radiologic Technologist?

Apa ndi malo omwe anthu ambiri amasokonezeka. Koma awiriwa ndi anthu awiri osiyana, ndipo maudindo awo ndi osiyana.

• Katswiri wa radiology ndi dokotala amene waphunzitsidwa kuwerenga ndi kutanthauzira , kutanthauza kusanthula, zithunzi zomwe amajambula ndikupereka matenda .
• Katswiri wa Radiologic Technologist , nthawi zina amatchedwa Radiographer , ndi katswiri wazachipatala amene amachita ma scan.

Mwachidule, mukapita kukatenga X-ray, katswiri wa radiology ndiye amene amakuikani pamalo oyenera, kuyatsa makina, ndikujambula X-ray. Amakuthandizani kuti mukhale omasuka, ndipo amaonetsetsa kuti zithunzizo ndi zapamwamba kwambiri. Komabe, samayang'ana zithunzizo ndikukuuzani chomwe chikukuvutani. Si ntchito yake imeneyo.

Katswiri wa radiology amayang'ana chithunzicho, amaona ngati muli ndi vuto lachipatala kutengera zomwe zili mkati mwake, ndikulemba lipoti lokhudza vutoli. Kodi mukumvetsa kusiyana kwake? Onse awiri ndi ofunikira, koma ntchito zawo ndi zosiyana.

Ndiye kodi katswiri wa radiology amachita chiyani kwenikweni?

Pali ntchito zingapo zofunika zomwe katswiri wa radiology ayenera kuchita. Izi ndi ntchito zovuta kwambiri.

• Kuwunikanso mbiri yanu yachipatala kuti muwone ngati mayeso ojambulidwawo angakupwetekeni. Mwachitsanzo, ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse la ziwengo.Ngati ndi choncho, mtundu wa utoto wosiyanitsa womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pojambula zithunzi zina sungakhale woyenera kwa inu.
• Kutanthauzira zotsatira za mayeso a zachipatala ndiko komwe kumafuna ukatswiri wawo.
• Kuyerekeza zomwe zapezeka kuchokera ku mayeso ojambulira zithunzi ndi mayeso ena omwe mudachitapo.
• Kukambirana ndi dokotala wanu wokuthandizani kusankha mayeso ojambulira omwe ali oyenera kwambiri kwa inu, ndikukuthandizani kupanga zisankho zokhudzana ndi chithandizo chanu chamtsogolo kutengera zotsatira za mayeso.
• Kulemba malipoti omwe ali ndi zotsatira ndi matenda. Lipoti ili ndi lomwe mumatumiza kwa dokotala wanu.
• Ngati kuli kofunikira, ndikupangira mayeso ena kapena chithandizo.
• Kuchiza matenda pogwiritsa ntchito radiation (izi zimachitika mu `(Radiation Oncology)`) kapena kuchita chithandizo chotsogozedwa ndi kujambula zithunzi (izi zimachitika mu `(Interventional Radiology)`).
• Kulangiza ogwira ntchito pa radiology kuti achite mayeso ojambulira zithunzi kapena kuchita mayeso ena okha (makamaka m'madera monga Interventional Radiology).

Kodi muyenera kupita ku sukulu ya zamankhwala kuti mukhale katswiri wa radiology?

Inde, ndithudi. Monga ndanenera kale, katswiri aliyense wa radiology wovomerezeka wapita ku sukulu ya zamankhwala ndipo wamaliza maphunziro ake. Imeneyo ndi chiyeneretso choyambira.

Kodi munthu amakhala bwanji katswiri wa radiology?

Kukhala katswiri wa radiology si ulendo wophweka. Kumafuna kudzipereka kwambiri, nthawi, ndi maphunziro. Yang'anani njira izi:

1. Choyamba, muyenera kumaliza maphunziro a pre-medical ndi digiri ya bachelor kuchokera ku yunivesite kapena koleji.

2. Kenako muyenera kupeza digiri ya udokotala kuchokera ku sukulu yovomerezeka ya udokotala (pafupifupi zaka 4-5).

3. Muyenera kupasa mayeso a chilolezo cha zachipatala (monga ku United States, ku United States Medical Licensing Examination - USMLE).

4. Kenako, ayenera kumaliza maphunziro a zaka zosachepera zinayi mu radiology. Ndi panthawiyi pomwe amalandira maphunziro othandiza pazinthu zosiyanasiyana za radiology.

Akatswiri ambiri a radiology amamaliza maphunziro apadera a chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri (fellowship) , zomwe zimawathandiza kupeza chidziwitso chakuya ndi luso mu gawo lapadera la radiology. Zitsanzo zina ndi izi:

• Khansa ya radiation
• X-ray ya ana (yomwe imagwirizana ndi matenda a ana)
• Kuchiza kwa radiology
• Kujambula mabere
• X-ray ya mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi (mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi)
• Neuroradiology (ubongo, msana, mitsempha)
• Mankhwala a nyukiliya

Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti mukhale katswiri wa radiology?

Nthawi zambiri zimatenga zaka zosachepera 13 kuti munthu akhale katswiri wa radiology. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Maphunziro a digiri yoyamba (zaka 3-4)
• Sukulu ya Zamankhwala (zaka 4-5)
• Maphunziro a zaka zinayi okhala
• Chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri za maphunziro apadera (ngakhale kuti izi sizokakamiza, anthu ambiri amachita)

Kotero mutha kuona kutalika ndi kudzipereka kwa ulendowu. Ndicho chifukwa chake akatswiri a radiology ali ndi luso loyang'ana ma scan anu ndikupeza chidziwitso chofunikira. Ali ngati "ofufuza" azachipatala.

Pomaliza, uthenga woti mutenge kunyumba.

Tangoganizirani kuti mukukayikira matenda enaake, kapena mumangofunika kuyesedwa ngati mayeso. Ndizachibadwa kumva mantha pang'ono komanso mantha panthawiyo. Koma kumbukirani, pali munthu amene ali ndi chidziwitso chapadera komanso maphunziro apadera kuti ayang'ane zithunzi zanu zojambulira ndikuwerenga zotsatira zake molondola. Ameneyo ndi katswiri wa radiology .

Adzakonza lipoti latsatanetsatane la zotsatira za mayeso anu ndikutumiza kwa dokotala wanu kapena gulu lachipatala. Pokhapokha ndi pomwe adzasankha chithandizo chomwe chili chabwino kwa inu.

Chofunika kwambiri, ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza zotsatira za mayeso anu, musaope kufunsa dokotala wanu. Muli ndi ufulu wonse wodziwa za thanzi lanu. Dokotala wa radiology sangakumane nanu mwachindunji, koma ndi membala wofunikira kwambiri m'gulu lanu lazachipatala.

Katswiri wa radiology, scans, diagnostics, CT scans, MRI scans, X-rays, radiation therapy