Tiyeni tiphunzire bwino tanthauzo la Pap smear komanso chifukwa chake ndi lofunika pa thanzi lanu.

Mwina mwamvapo za "Pap smear" kapena mayeso a Pap. Mwina dokotala wakuuzani kuti muchite chimodzi. Ndi mayeso ofunikira kwambiri kwa akazi ambiri, makamaka pankhani ya thanzi la kubereka. Ngakhale anthu ambiri amaona kuti ndi owopsa komanso osasangalatsa, ubwino wake ndi wambiri. Chifukwa chake, lero tikambirana za mayeso a Pap mwatsatanetsatane, mosavuta, komanso mwanjira yomwe mungamvetse.

Kodi Pap smear ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, mayeso a Pap ndi mayeso omwe amathandiza kuzindikira khansa ya pachibelekero msanga. Amafufuza makamaka maselo a khansa m'chiberekero mwanu, kapena maselo osazolowereka (maselo oyambitsa khansa) omwe angasanduke khansa mtsogolo, otchedwa dysplasia . Nthawi zina, mayesowa amathanso kuzindikira matenda ena opatsirana pogonana (STIs) ndi kutupa kwa pachibelekero.

Izi ndi zomwe zimachitika panthawi yoyezetsa magazi a Pap: Dokotala wanu amatenga maselo angapo kuchokera pachibelekero chanu mosamala. Kenako, chitsanzo cha selo chimawunikidwa pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu kuti aone ngati pali china chake chachilendo. Mayesowa adayambitsidwa koyamba ndi Dr. George Papanicolaou, dokotala waku America. Ichi ndichifukwa chake amatchedwa "Pap."

Taganizirani izi, timayesetsa kuzimitsa utsi pang'ono m'nyumba, sitidikira mpaka moto waukulu utabuka. Umu ndi momwe mayeso a Pap amachitikira. Zimathandiza kupeza khansa pa chizindikiro chaching'ono isanakhale yayikulu.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kangati kukayezetsa magazi (Pap test)?

Izi zimadalira zinthu zingapo, monga zaka zanu, mbiri yanu ya thanzi, ndi zotsatira za mayeso a Pap kapena HPV omwe mudachitapo kale. Komabe, pali malangizo ambiri omwe amatsatiridwa:

• Azimayi azaka zapakati pa 21 ndi 30: Nthawi zambiri amalangizidwa kuti ayesedwe ndi Pap test zaka zitatu zilizonse .
• Azimayi azaka zapakati pa 30 ndi 65: Kwa akazi azaka izi, akulangizidwa kuti ayesedwenso ndi Pap test ndi HPV (co-test) zaka 5 zilizonse kapena Pap test yokha zaka 3 zilizonse. Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani zomwe zili zabwino kwa inu.

Madokotala amaona kuti mayeso a Pap ndi "muyezo wabwino kwambiri" wopewera khansa ya pachibelekero chifukwa amatha kuzindikira kusintha kwa maselo a pachibelekero asanakhale khansa, kapena khansa isanafike. Matenda akapezeka msanga, mwayi wochira mokwanira umakhala wabwino kwambiri ndi chithandizo.

Kupita kukayezetsa Pap kungaoneke ngati kovuta kwa inu. N'zosavuta kupewa, poganiza kuti, "O, zinali bwino kale, bwanji uchitenso?" Koma ndikofunikira pa thanzi lako lobereka.Ngati muzengereza, kusintha koopsa kwa maselo kungachitike popanda inu kuzindikira. Ngati simukudziwa nthawi yomwe mayeso anu otsatira a Pap ayenera kuchitika, onetsetsani kuti mwafunsa dokotala wanu.

Kodi anthu ena amafunika mayeso a Pap pafupipafupi?

Inde, nthawi zina zapadera, madokotala angakulangizeni kuti muyesedwe magazi pafupipafupi. Kapena angakulangizeni kuti mupitirize kuyesedwa magazi mukatha zaka 65. Milandu yotereyi ikuphatikizapo:

• Ngati chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chafooka chifukwa cha kachilombo ka HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) kapena matenda ena (monga chemotherapy ya khansa).
• Ngati munakumana ndi mankhwala otchedwa diethylstilbestrol (DES) panthawi ya mimba yanu (ndiko kuti, pamene munali m'mimba mwa amayi anu). (Mankhwalawa adaperekedwa kwa amayi apakati mpaka cha m'ma 1971.)
• Ngati munakhalapo ndi khansa ya pachibelekeropo kale.
• Ngati mwakhala ndi zotsatira zosazolowereka kuchokera ku mayeso a Pap omwe adachitika kale (ma smears a Pap osazolowereka).

Kodi mayeso a Pap amayang'ana chiyani kwenikweni?

Mayeso a Pap amafufuza makamaka:

• Khansa ya pachibelekero.
• Maselo osazolowereka m'chiberekero, otchedwa dysplasia, amatha kukhala khansa.
• Kachilombo ka papilloma ka munthu (HPV). Uwu ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana (STI). Mitundu ina ya HPV imawonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa ya pachibelekero.

Komabe, mayeso a Pap sangazindikire matenda opatsirana pogonana monga chinzonono ndi chlamydia . Izi ziyenera kuyesedwa padera. Komabe, nthawi zina mayeso a Pap amatha kuzindikira matenda monga trichomonas , kukula kwambiri kwa mabakiteriya, kapena matenda a yisiti.

Kodi mayeso a Pap ndi mayeso a m'chiuno ndi chinthu chimodzi?

Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe anthu ambiri amasokonezeka nacho. Kuyezetsa m'chiuno ndi pamene dokotala wanu akufufuza chiberekero chanu, mazira, ndi ziwalo zina za thupi lanu loberekera. Kuyezetsa m'chiuno sikumachitika nthawi zonse panthawi yoyezetsa m'chiuno. Komabe, kuyezetsa m'chiuno nthawi zambiri kumachitika nthawi imodzi ndi kuyezetsa m'chiuno. Kuyezetsa m'chiuno kungakhale gawo la kuyezetsa m'chiuno.

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa mayeso a Pap ndi mayeso a HPV ndi kotani?

Kuyezetsa HPV kumayesa mitundu inayake ya HPV yomwe imawonjezera chiopsezo chanu cha khansa ya pachibelekero. Pali mitundu yambiri ya HPV, ndipo si yonse yomwe imayambitsa khansa.

Madokotala amatha kuchita mayeso a Pap ndi HPV nthawi imodzi. Izi zimatchedwa "co-test."Zonsezi zimachitika mofanana - chitsanzo cha maselo chimatengedwa kuchokera ku chiberekero. Chikatumizidwa ku labu, dokotala adzakuuzani ngati mukufuna kuyesedwa kwa Pap, HPV, kapena zonse ziwiri (zoyesedwa pamodzi) pa chitsanzochi. Nthawi pakati pa mayeso awiriwa ingasiyane pang'ono kutengera ngati mukuyesedwa kwa Pap kapena mayeso ena.

Ndachitidwa opaleshoni yochotsa chiberekero. Kodi ndikufunika mayeso a Pap?

Izi zimadalira mtundu wa opaleshoni yomwe mudachita komanso ngati idachitidwa chifukwa cha khansa kapena chifukwa china.

• Ngati chiberekero chanu chonse kapena gawo lake lonse lili bwino , muyenera kupitiliza kuyesedwa kwa Pap.
• Ngati chiberekero chanu chachotsedwa kwathunthu , simungafunikenso mayeso ena a Pap, koma izi zimadaliranso chifukwa cha chiberekero.

Mwachitsanzo, anthu omwe adachotsedwa opaleshoni ya chiberekero chifukwa cha khansa ya m'chiberekero, chiberekero, kapena khomo lachiberekero angafunike kupitiliza kuchitidwa mayeso a Pap kuti awone ngati pali zizindikiro za khansa m'minofu ya m'chiberekero. Komabe, ngati mudachotsedwa opaleshoni ya chiberekero chifukwa cha vuto lina, monga uterine fibroids , dokotala wanu angaganize kuti muli pachiwopsezo chochepa cha khansa ndipo simukufunika mayeso ena a Pap. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za izi.

Kodi mumakonzekera bwanji mayeso a Pap?

Zinthu zina zomwe mumachita masiku angapo musanayambe kuyezetsa magazi (Pap smear) zingakhudze zotsatira za mayeso. Kuti mupeze zotsatira zolondola kwambiri, dziwani izi:

• Pewani kugonana ndi mkazi kwa masiku awiri musanayesedwe.
• Musagwiritse ntchito ma tampons, mafuta odzola kapena mankhwala, thovu loletsa kubereka kapena ma jellies, mafuta odzola, kapena ma douches kwa masiku osachepera awiri musanayesedwe.
• Yesetsani kukonzekera mayeso anu tsiku lomwe msambo wanu utatha . Ngati mwakhala ndi msambo pa tsiku la mayeso, kapena ngati mukuganiza kuti mudzakhala ndi msambo, imbani dokotala wanu ndikufunsani choti muchite.

Kodi ndingathe kuyesedwa magazi a Pap panthawi yanga ya msambo?

Ndi bwino kupewa kuyezetsa magazi a Pap munthawi ya msambo, chifukwa izi zitha kusintha zotsatira zake. Madokotala ena amachita kuyezetsa magazi a Pap m'masiku omaliza a msambo wanu (pamene magazi akutuluka pang'ono). Ndi bwino kufunsa dokotala wanu kuti akupatseni upangiri pankhaniyi, kapena kuyimitsa mayesowo mpaka tsiku lomwe simukuchita msambo.

Kodi mayeso a Pap amachitidwa bwanji?

Kuyezetsa magazi kwa Pap kumachitika mu ofesi ya dokotala wanu. Sizitenga nthawi yayitali, ndi mphindi zochepa chabe kuti zichitike.

1. Choyamba, mudzapemphedwa kuti muchotse zovala zanu kuyambira m'chiuno mpaka pansi kapena kuvula zovala zonse ndikuvala diresi la kuchipatala.

2. Kenako, mudzagona patebulo loyesera ndi miyendo yanu itatambasulidwa ndipo zidendene zanu zili ndi zidendene. Mudzapatsidwa nsalu kapena pepala loti muphimbe miyendo yanu.

3. Kenako, dokotala adzachita mayeso motere:

• Chipangizo chotchedwa speculum chimalowetsedwa pang'onopang'ono mu nyini yanu. Mungamve kupanikizika pang'ono panthawiyi. Ichi ndi chipangizo chachitsulo kapena pulasitiki. Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsegula nyini yanu kuti dokotala athe kuwona bwino chiberekero chanu.
• Kenako, pogwiritsa ntchito burashi yaying'ono kapena spatula, amakoka maselo angapo pang'onopang'ono pamwamba pa chiberekero chanu.
• Burashi kapena supuni yokhala ndi maselo a chiberekero imayikidwa mu chubu kapena mtsuko waung'ono wokhala ndi madzi apadera.
• Pomaliza, speculum imachotsedwa.

Ndi zimenezo! Mayeso atha.

Kodi mayeso a Pap amapweteka?

Kuyezetsa magazi kwa Pap nthawi zambiri sikupweteka , koma kungakhale kosasangalatsa pang'ono. Anthu ena amatha kutuluka magazi pang'ono mutatha kuyezetsa. Koma simuyenera kukhala ndi ululu uliwonse kapena kupweteka m'mimba. Ngati mukumva kusasangalala kwa mphindi zoposa zingapo, kapena ngati mwatuluka magazi kwa maola opitilira 24, onetsetsani kuti mwadziwitsa dokotala wanu.

Kodi mungayembekezere chiyani mukatha mayeso a Pap?

Dokotala wanu adzatumiza chitsanzo cha maselo ku labu, komwe katswiri wa matenda , katswiri wa maselo, adzayang'ana maselowo pansi pa maikulosikopu kuti awone ngati ali ndi khansa kapena ali ndi maselo osazolowereka okhudzana ndi kachilombo ka HPV.

Kodi pali kuipa kulikonse koyesa Pap?

Kuyezetsa magazi m'mapapo ndi njira yotetezeka komanso yodalirika. Pakhoza kukhala kutuluka magazi pambuyo pa kuyezetsa, koma sikuyenera kukhala kupweteka kapena kusasangalala. Nthawi zambiri, zotsatira zabodza kapena zotsatira zabodza zimatha kuchitika. Koma izi zimachitika kawirikawiri.

Kodi ndidzalandira liti zotsatira za mayeso anga?

Zingatenge milungu itatu kuti dokotala wanu alandire zotsatira za labu. Zotsatira zake zikapezeka, dokotala wanu adzakudziwitsani nthawi yomwe muyenera kuchita mayeso anu otsatira a Pap, kapena ngati pakufunika mayeso ena.

Kodi zotsatira za mayeso a Pap zikutanthauza chiyani?

Mukapeza zotsatira, zitha kugawidwa m'magulu motere:

• Zabwinobwino: Palibe maselo olakwika omwe adapezeka. Izi zikutanthauza kuti panalibe chachilendo mu chitsanzocho. Izi nthawi zina zimatchedwa "zotsatira zoyipa." Ngati ndi choncho, muyenera kuchita mayeso anu otsatira a Pap patatha zaka zitatu (monga momwe dokotala wanu akulangizira).
• Zosamveka/Zosazolowereka:Ogwira ntchito ku labu sangadziwe bwinobwino ngati maselowo ndi abwinobwino kapena oipa. Pakadali pano, dokotala wanu angakupempheni kuti mubwerenso kudzayesanso Pap patatha masiku angapo, kapena angakupempheni kuti mukayesedwe HPV.
• Zachilendo: Kukula ndi mawonekedwe a maselowa zimawapangitsa kuoneka ngati ali ndi khansa. Madokotala amaikanso maselowa m'gulu la "otsika" kapena "okwera kwambiri."
• Maselo otsika amatanthauza kuti zingatenge zaka zambiri kuti khansa ikule. Izi nthawi zambiri zimayambitsidwa ndi matenda a HPV ndipo zimatha kuchiritsidwa ndi chitetezo cha mthupi.
• Maselo apamwamba amatanthauza kuti maselowo amatha kusanduka khansa mwachangu. Pakadali pano, kuyezetsa kwina ndi chithandizo ndizofunikira kwambiri.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti zotsatira za mayeso a Pap zomwe sizikudziwika bwino kapena zachilendo sizikutanthauza kuti muli ndi khansa ya pachibelekero! Zimangotanthauza kuti pali china chake chomwe chiyenera kuwonedwa. Dokotala wanu adzakuwuzani za zotsatira za mayesowo komanso zomwe mungachite kenako. Choncho musachite mantha.

Ndi mayeso ati omwe amachitidwa pambuyo pake ngati zotsatira za mayeso a Pap sizinali zachilendo?

Ngati zotsatira za mayeso anu a Pap sizili bwino, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti muyesedwe ndi colposcopy . Anthu ena amayamba kaye ndi mayeso ena a Pap kuti aone ngati zotsatira zake zili zofanana ndi zomwe zinalipo kale.

Kuyezetsa kwa Pap ndi kuyesa kokha - sikungathe kuzindikira khansa motsimikiza. Kuti adziwe ngati muli ndi khansa ya pachibelekero, dokotala wanu adzachita colposcopy. Kuyezetsa kumeneku kudzachita izi:

• Dokotala amagwiritsa ntchito chida chapadera chokulitsa chomwe chimatchedwa colposcope (monga lenzi yayikulu) kuti ayang'ane mosamala pamwamba pa chiberekero chanu ndi nyini.
• Ngati pali malo ena omwe akuwoneka osazolowereka, zitsanzo zazing'ono za minofu imodzi kapena zingapo (biopsy) zidzatengedwa kuchokera pamenepo.
• Zitsanzo za minofu imeneyi zimatumizidwa ku labu kuti zikayesedwe ngati pali maselo a khansa kapena maselo omwe anali asanakhale ndi khansa.

Kodi ndiyenera kukayezetsa magazi ngati ndili namwali?

Inde. Si khansa zonse za pachibelekero zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi kugonana. Ngakhale simukuchita zogonana, ndikofunikira kuchita mayeso a Pap ngati muli ndi zaka 21 kapena kuposerapo. Izi zili choncho chifukwa HPV ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cha khansa ya pachibelekero, ndipo imafalikira pogonana. Komabe, khansa ya pachibelekero imatha kuchitika popanda HPV, ndipo nthawi zina HPV imatha kufalikira pogonana popanda kugonana (kawirikawiri). Chifukwa chake, ndi bwino kutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu.

Kodi mungakane mayeso a Pap?

Inde, muli ndi ufulu wokana mayeso aliwonse azachipatala. Komabe, kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kuyezetsa magazi kwa Pap ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yopewera khansa ya pachibelekero. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuganizira bwino izi ndikukambirana ndi dokotala musanapange chisankho.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati simunachite mayeso a Pap?

Popeza mayeso a Pap ndiye njira yayikulu yodziwira kusintha kwa maselo komwe kungakhale khansa, ngati simunachitepo mayeso a Pap, mutha kukhala ndi khansa ya pachibelekero koma osadziwa. Ngati mutero, khansayo imatha kukula ndikuyambitsa mavuto akulu, ngakhale oopsa. Khansa ikayamba kukula, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuchiza. Nthawi zonse ndi bwino kupeza matendawa msanga. Mayeso a Pap ndi njira yomwe madokotala amatha kuzindikira khansa ya pachibelekero mwachangu momwe angathere .

Anthu ambiri amakayikira pang'ono kapena amaopa kuyesedwa kwa Pap smear. Zimenezo ndi zachilendo. Komabe, ndizofunikira kwambiri pa thanzi la nyini yanu ndi chiberekero. Mwamwayi, mayeso a Pap smear amatenga mphindi zosakwana 10 , ndipo kusasangalalako kumatha msanga.

Zinthu zofunika kwambiri kukumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Kuyeza kwa Pap ndi chida chofunikira kwambiri pozindikira maselo osazolowereka omwe angayambitse khansa ya pachibelekero.

• Ngati muli ndi zaka zapakati pa 21 ndi 65, funsani dokotala wanu kuti atsimikizire kuti mwamaliza mayeso anu a Pap pa nthawi yake.
• Mukazindikira maselo a khansa omwe ali ndi khansa m'chiberekero msanga, mumawonjezera mwayi wanu wopambana nkhondo yolimbana ndi khansa ya pachibelekero. Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti 95% ya anthu omwe amalandira chithandizo cha maselo a khansa sadzadwala khansa ya pachibelekero pambuyo pake.
• Kupezeka ndi zotsatira zosazolowereka za mayeso a Pap sikutanthauza kuti muli ndi khansa, koma kumangotanthauza kuti mukufunika kuyezetsa kwina. Musachite mantha ndipo tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu.

Thanzi lanu lili m'manja mwanu. Kusalumpha mayeso ofunikira ngati awa kudzakuthandizani kwambiri kuti mukhale ndi moyo wathanzi.

` Pap_smear, Khansa_ya_M'chiberekero, Thanzi_la_Akazi, HPV, Maselo_Osayambitsa Khansa, Kuyezetsa_Zaumoyo, Matenda_Achikazi