Kodi mukufuna kudziwa zambiri za "fuluwenza" (fuluwenza) yomwe mukuvutika nayo masiku ano?

Lero tikambirana za matenda okhumudwitsa omwe anthu ambiri akudwala masiku ano. Mwina munamvapo za "chimfine". Kwa ena, chimabwera ndikutha popanda umboni, koma kwa ena, chingakhale chovuta kwambiri kwa masiku ambiri. Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tiwone chomwe "chimfine" ichi chili, chifukwa chake chimachitika, komanso momwe tingachipewere.

Kodi chimfine n'chiyani? Tiyeni tidziwe bwino lomwe kuti ndi chiyani.

Mwachidule, Fuluwenza ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kachilombo kotchedwa `(Influenza)` m'thupi mwathu. Kangayambitse zizindikiro monga mutu , kupweteka kwa thupi , kupweteka pakhosi , ndi malungo. Nthawi zina zizindikirozi zimatha kubwera ndi kutha. Fuluwenzayi imafalikira kawirikawiri, makamaka m'miyezi yozizira . Imatha kukhudza anthu ambiri nthawi imodzi, komwe kumatchedwanso mliri.

Kodi nyengo ya chimfine ndi iti?

Ngakhale kuti chimfine chingachitike nthawi iliyonse pachaka m'dziko lathu, kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi (kumene kuli mayiko monga America), nthawi ya chimfine nthawi zambiri imaonedwa kuti ndi kuyambira Okutobala mpaka Meyi . Chiwerengero chachikulu cha milandu chimanenedwa pakati pa Disembala ndi Febuluwale. M'dziko lathu, chimfine chimafalikiranso nthawi yamvula komanso nthawi yozizira.

Kodi matenda amenewa amatchedwa chimfine ndi ofala bwanji?

Ndipotu, chimfine ndi matenda opatsirana ofala kwambiri . Anthu mamiliyoni ambiri padziko lonse lapansi amadwala chimfine chaka chilichonse. Choncho si chinthu chatsopano chonchi.

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa chimfine ndi chimfine ndi kotani?

Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe anthu ambiri amasokoneza. Zizindikiro za chimfine ndi zizindikiro za chimfine nthawi zina zimakhala zofanana. Zinthu monga mphuno yotuluka madzi ndi chifuwa zimatha kupezeka pa zonsezi.

Koma kusiyana kwakukulu ndi kwakuti zizindikiro za chimfine nthawi zambiri zimakhala zochepa. Koma zizindikiro za chimfine zimatha kukhala zazikulu, ndipo nthawi zina zimayambitsa mavuto aakulu.

Komanso, matenda onsewa amayamba chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mavairasi .

Kodi ndili ndi chimfine kapena COVID-19? Ndingadziwe bwanji motsimikiza?

Ili ndi vuto lomwe anthu ambiri ali nalo masiku ano. Chifukwa zizindikiro za chimfine ndi zizindikiro za Covid-19 zimatha kufanana kwambiri. Kuti mudziwe bwino zomwe muli nazo, muyenera kuyezetsa. Pali chiopsezo chotenga matenda oopsa ndi matenda onsewa. Koma chifukwa matenda awiriwa amayamba ndi mitundu iwiri yosiyana ya mavairasi, madokotala amawachiza ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala.

Ndani amene ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu pankhani ya chimfine?

Anthu ena amakhala ndi mavuto aakulu chifukwa cha chimfine, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti angafunike kupita kuchipatala. Ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse mwa izi, mungakhale pachiwopsezo chachikulu :

• Ngati muli ndi matenda aakulu a m'mapapo monga mphumu kapena COPD .
• Musanayambe , impso, chiwindi , dongosolo lamanjenje ,Ngati mwakhalapo ndi matenda a mtima kapena mitsempha yamagazi (monga sitiroko).
• Ngati muli ndi vuto lomwe limakhudza kugwira ntchito kwa minofu yanu kapena limakupangitsani kukhala kovuta kutsokomola, kumeza, kapena kuchotsa mamina m'mapapo mwanu .
• Ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga .
• Ngati chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chafooka (monga HIV/AIDS, khansa, kapena kumwa mankhwala oletsa chitetezo cha mthupi).
• Ngati muli ndi matenda a magazi monga matenda a sickle cell .
• Ngati BMI yanu ili pamwamba pa 30 (zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndinu wonenepa kwambiri) .
• Ngati muli ndi zaka zosakwana 5 kapena kupitirira 65 .
• Ngati ndinu mayi woyembekezera .
• Ngati muli ndi zaka zosakwana 19 ndipo mumamwa aspirin nthawi zonse .
• Ngati mukukhala m'malo osamalira okalamba kwa nthawi yayitali (monga nyumba yosungira okalamba) .

Ngati anthu awa atenga chimfine, chingawakhudze kwambiri kuposa munthu wamba, choncho ndi bwino kusamala kwambiri.

Kodi zizindikiro za chimfine ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za chimfine nthawi zambiri zimayamba mwadzidzidzi . Izi ndi zizindikiro zazikulu zomwe mungaone:

• Malungo
• Kumva kuzizira (Kuzizira)
• Kupweteka kwa thupi (makamaka kupweteka kwa minofu)
• Chifuwa
• Mutu
• Chikhure
• Mphuno yotuluka madzi kapena mphuno yodzaza
• Kutopa, kumva kufooka
• Kusanza kapena kusokonezeka m'mimba (izi zimachitika kwambiri mwa ana aang'ono)

Si aliyense amene angakumane ndi zizindikiro zonsezi. Anthu ena angakumane ndi zizindikiro zochepa chabe.

N’chifukwa chiyani timadwala chimfine? Kodi chimayambitsa n’chiyani?

Monga tanenera kale, chimfinechi chimayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo kotchedwa chimfine . Pali mitundu itatu ya mavairasi a chimfine omwe nthawi zambiri amafalikira kwa anthu: A, B, ndi C.

• Fuluwenza A ndi B ndi mitundu iwiri yomwe imapezeka kwambiri nyengo (makamaka nthawi yozizira), ndipo zizindikiro zake zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri.
• Zizindikiro za chimfine cha C sizowopsa kwambiri, ndipo sizimachitika nyengo iliyonse. Pakhoza kukhala milandu yofanana chaka chonse.

Mwina munamvapo za H1N1 (“nkhumba”) ndi chimfine cha mbalame . Zonsezi ndi mitundu ya kachilombo ka chimfine A.

Kodi chimfine chimapatsirana?

Inde, chimfine ndi matenda opatsirana. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chimafalikira kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina. Munthu amene ali ndi chimfine akhoza kupatsira munthu m'modzi kapena awiri.

Kodi chimfine chimafalikira bwanji kuchokera kwa munthu mmodzi kupita kwa wina?

Kachilombo ka chimfine kamafalikira kudzera mu kukhudzana mwachindunji kapena mwanjira ina ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka. Njira zodziwika bwino zomwe chimfine chimafalikira ndi izi:

• Munthu amene ali pafupi akamatsokomola, kuyetsemula, kapena kulankhula, madontho ang'onoang'ono (`(madontho)`) amagwera m'manja mwanu kapena kulowa m'mphuno ndi pakamwa panu kudzera mumlengalenga. Kachiromboka kamayenda kupita ku mapapo anu.
• Mwa kukhudza malo (monga zogwirira zitseko, matebulo, makompyuta, mafoni) omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka chimfine kenako nkukhudza nkhope yanu, mphuno, pakamwa, kapena maso anu.
• Mwa kukhudza manja kapena nkhope ya munthu amene ali ndi chimfine kenako n’kukhudza nkhope yanu, mphuno, pakamwa, kapena maso anu.

Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti kachilomboka kalowe m'thupi kuti kakupangitse matenda?

Ngati kachilomboka katenga kachilomboka, zizindikiro zimayamba kuonekera mkati mwa tsiku limodzi kapena anayi (izi zimatchedwa "nthawi yoyamwitsa").

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji chimfine molondola?

Dokotala wanu adzazindikira chimfine mwa kufunsa za zizindikiro zanu ndikutenga chitsanzo cha ntchofu kuchokera m'mphuno mwanu . Adzatenga chitsanzochi mwa kuyika swab yofewa, yayitali, komanso yopyapyala m'mphuno mwanu. Nthawi zina mutha kupeza zotsatira mkati mwa mphindi zochepa, kapena chitsanzocho chidzatumizidwa ku labu ndipo zotsatira zake zidzapezeka patatha tsiku limodzi kapena awiri.

Kodi mankhwala a chimfine ndi otani?

Nthawi zina madokotala amapereka mankhwala oletsa mavairasi kuti athetse chimfine. Mankhwalawa angathandize kuti chimfine chanu chichepe komanso kuchepetsa nthawi yomwe muli ndi matendawa. Koma anthu ambiri amatha kuchira chimfine popanda mankhwala awa. Madokotala amapereka mankhwala oletsa mavairasi awa m'mikhalidwe iyi:

• Ngati zizindikiro zapezeka kwa maola osakwana 48, mankhwalawa sagwira ntchito bwino ngati zizindikiro zapezeka kwa masiku opitilira awiri. Izi zili choncho chifukwa panthawiyo kachilomboka kamakhala katafalikira kwambiri m'thupi ndipo thupi layamba kupanga ma antibodies olimbana nako.
• Ngati muli ndi matenda ena kapena muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chodwala kwambiri, madokotala angapereke mankhwalawa ngakhale zizindikiro za matendawa zitapitirira maola 48.
• Ngati zizindikirozo ndi zazikulu kwambiri , mankhwala angaperekedwe ngakhale matendawa atakhala masiku opitilira awiri.
• Ngati mukukhala kapena kusamalira anthu omwe angakhale ndi mavuto aakulu chifukwa cha chimfine.

Kodi mankhwala otani omwe amaperekedwa a chimfine?

Pali mankhwala angapo oletsa mavairasi a chimfine:

• Oseltamivir phosphate (Tamiflu®) : Iyi ndi mankhwala omwe amamwedwa pakamwa, kaya ngati piritsi kapena ngati madzi. Nthawi zambiri amamwedwa kwa masiku angapo.
• Zanamivir (Relenza®) : Iyi ndi mankhwala omwe amapumidwa kudzera mu inhaler. Amafunikanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa masiku angapo. Sikoyenera kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mavuto opuma monga mphumu kapena COPD.
• Peramivir (Rapivap®) : Izi zimaperekedwa ngati jakisoni wa m'mitsempha (IV) ndi dokotala. Nthawi zambiri zimaperekedwa kamodzi kokha.
• Baloxavir marboxil (Xofluza®): Uwu ndi mankhwala omwe amamwedwa pakamwa, kaya ngati piritsi kapena madzi. Muyenera kumwa mlingo umodzi wokha. Sikoyenera amayi apakati, amayi oyamwitsa, anthu omwe adagonekedwa m'chipatala, komanso anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ena.

Musanayambe kumwa mankhwala oletsa mavairasi, muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu za matenda ena aliwonse omwe muli nawo.

Kodi pali zotsatirapo zilizonse pa mankhwalawa?

Mankhwala aliwonse oletsa mavairasi amatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zosiyanasiyana, koma zofala kwambiri ndi nseru ndi kutsekula m'mimba (kutsegula m'mimba) . Mankhwala opumira nthawi zina angayambitse bronchospasm.

Kodi mungatani kuti muchepetse zizindikiro za chimfine kunyumba?

Anthu ambiri amatha kuthana ndi zizindikiro za chimfine kunyumba. Mankhwala ogulitsidwa kunja kwa chipatala (OTC) ndi mankhwala ena apakhomo angathandize:

• Pumulani bwino.
• Imwani madzi ambiri monga madzi ndi supu. Izi zingathandize kupewa kutaya madzi m'thupi.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mabotolo a madzi otentha kapena mapaketi otenthetsera kungathandize kuchepetsa ululu wa thupi.
• Mungathe kumwa mankhwala monga `(Paracetamol (Tylenol®))` kapena `(NSAIDs)` (monga `(Ibuprofen – Advil®, Motrin®)`, `(Naproxen – Aleve®)`) kuti muchepetse malungo, mutu, ndi kupweteka kwa thupi.
• Mankhwala otsegula mphuno (mankhwala opopera mphuno kapena ma lozenges) monga phenylephrine kapena pseudoephedrine angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochepetsa kutuluka kwa madzi m'mphuno ndi kutsekeka kwa mphuno.
• Mungathe kumwa mankhwala oletsa kutsokomola, monga dextromethorphan, kuti musiye kutsokomola pafupipafupi.
• Mankhwala otulutsa mpweya m'mapapo, monga guaifenesin, amathandiza kumasula mamina m'mapapo.

Chofunika: Mankhwala a OTC awa si oyenera aliyense. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zonse ndi bwino kufunsa dokotala musanamwe mankhwala aliwonse. Ndikofunikanso kudziwa ngati mankhwalawa angagwirizane ndi mankhwala ena omwe mukumwa. Musapatse ana osakwana zaka 16 aspirin pokhapokha ngati dokotala wakuuzani kuti muchite zimenezo.

Kodi tingatani kuti tipewe kudwala chimfine?

Njira yabwino yochepetsera chiopsezo chanu chotenga chimfine ndikutenga katemera wa chimfine chaka chilichonse . Izi zitha kuperekedwa ngati jakisoni kapena ngati mankhwala opopera m'mphuno. Ndikofunikira kulandira katemera chaka chilichonse chifukwa kachilombo ka chimfine kamasintha pakapita nthawi.

Njira zina zochepetsera chiopsezo cha chimfine ndi izi:

• Sambani m'manja mwanu bwino ndi sopo ndi madzi nthawi zonse. Ngati sopo palibe, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala oyeretsera m'manja okhala ndi mowa.
• Phimbani pakamwa ndi mphuno yanu mukamatsokomola kapena kutsokomola. Ndi bwino kutsokomola/kutsekereza m'chigongono kapena mu nsalu yamkati kusiyana ndi m'manja mwanu.
• Pewani kukhudzana kwambiri ndi munthu amene akudwala matenda opatsirana, monga chimfine.
• Ngati mukudwala ndipo muyenera kukhala pafupi ndi anthu ena, valani chigoba.
• Pewani kukhudza nkhope, maso, mphuno, ndi pakamwa pafupipafupi.
• Musagawire chakudya, zakumwa, kapena ziwiya (masupuni, mafoloko, makapu) ndi ena.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati mutadwala chimfine? Chimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Anthu ambiri amatha kuchiza zizindikiro za chimfine kunyumba kwawo ndipo amachira pasanathe masiku angapo kapena sabata . Komabe, zingakhale zovuta kwambiri, choncho ndikofunikira kuyang'anira zizindikiro zanu ndikupempha upangiri wa dokotala ngati pakufunika kutero. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka ngati muli ndi matenda ena omwe amabwera chifukwa cha chimfine.

Ngati muli ndi chimfine, muyenera kupewa kukhudzana ndi anthu ena, kupatulapo kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala.

Chimfine chingatenge masiku angapo mpaka milungu iwiri . Zizindikiro monga malungo ndi kupweteka kwa thupi zimabwera mwadzidzidzi, koma zimachepa mofulumira kuposa zizindikiro zina. Zinthu monga chifuwa ndi mphuno yotuluka madzi zimatha kukhalapo kwa kanthawi.

Kodi chimfine chingakhale chopatsirana kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Mukhoza kutenga kachilomboka kuyambira tsiku limodzi musanayambe kukhala ndi zizindikiro mpaka pafupifupi sabata imodzi kuchokera pamene zizindikiro zayamba . Mumatenga kachilomboka kwambiri kwa masiku atatu kapena anayi kuchokera pamene zizindikiro zayamba.Anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka komanso ana aang'ono akhoza kutenga matenda mosavuta.

Kodi ndingabwerere liti kuntchito/kusukulu?

Kuti mupewe kufalitsa chimfine kwa ena, muyenera kudikira maola osachepera 24 malungo anu atachepa (osamwa mankhwala ochepetsa malungo) musanabwerere kuntchito kapena kusukulu. Malo anu antchito kapena kusukulu kwanu akhoza kukhala ndi malamulo osiyanasiyana okhudza izi, choncho funsani nawo.

Ndi mavuto ena ati omwe angachitike chifukwa cha chimfine?

Kachilombo ka chimfine kokha kangayambitse mavuto, kapena kangathe kufooketsa chitetezo cha mthupi lanu ndikuyambitsa matenda a bakiteriya (`(matenda ena)`). Mavuto ofala kwambiri ndi awa:

• Matenda a m'khutu
• Matenda a m'mphuno
• Matenda oopsa a m'mapapo (chibayo) . Chibayo ichi chingayambitse matenda oopsa monga Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS).
• Mayi woyembekezera akhoza kutaya mimba .
• Mwana amene akukula m'mimba mwa mayi wapakati akhoza kukhala ndi vuto la neural tube defects (NTDs) .

Kodi ndi anthu angati amene amafa chifukwa cha chimfine? Kapena kodi ichi ndi matenda oopsa?

Mu nyengo ya chimfine yomwe imachitika kawirikawiri m'dziko ngati United States, anthu pakati pa 20,000 ndi 50,000 amafa ndi chimfine chaka chilichonse.Akuti anthu ena pakati pa 300,000 ndi 500,000 adzadwala kwambiri ndipo adzafunika kugonekedwa m'chipatala. Choncho, n'zoonekeratu kuti uwu si matenda omwe anganyalanyazidwe mosavuta.

Kodi nthawi zabwino zokaonana ndi dokotala ndi ziti?

Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi chimfine, ndikofunikira kukayezetsa msanga . Izi zikuthandizani kupeza bwino mankhwala oletsa mavairasi ngati dokotala wanu asankha kukupatsani mankhwalawo. Pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo ngati:

• Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za chimfine ndipo muli m'gulu la anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
• Ngati zizindikiro zanu sizikusintha patatha masiku 7-10, kapena ngati muli ndi malungo kwa masiku opitilira atatu.
• Ngati ndinu mayi woyembekezera ndipo muli ndi malungo kapena zizindikiro zina za chimfine.

Kodi ndi liti pamene muyenera kupita ku Chipinda Chothandizira Anthu Odwala Mwadzidzidzi (ETU) ?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zazikulu izi, pitani kuchipatala mwamsanga kapena funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo:

• Malungo amphamvu kwambiri (oposa 103 Fahrenheit/40 Celsius).
• Kuvuta kupuma.
• Palibe kapena mkodzo wotuluka pang'ono kwambiri.
• Kupweteka kosalekeza pachifuwa kapena m'mimba.
• Kumva chizungulire nthawi zonse.
• Kusokonezeka ( kusadziwa zomwe zikuchitika).
• Kupweteka kwambiri kwa minofu kapena kufooka.
• Dzenje limodzi- `(Kugwidwa)`) .
• Kusanduka kwa buluu kwa khungu, milomo, kapena misomali (`(cyanosis)`) (ichi chingakhale chizindikiro cha mpweya wosakwanira m'magazi).
• Ngati malungo kapena chifuwa chachepa kenako n’kubwereranso.
• Ngati matenda ena osatha akuipiraipira.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe muyenera kufunsa dokotala?

Mukapita kwa dokotala, ndi bwino kufunsa mafunso ngati awa:

• Kodi ndiyenera kumwa bwanji mankhwala omwe ndinapatsidwa?
• Ndi mankhwala amtundu wanji omwe ndingathe kugula ku pharmacy?
• Kodi ndingathe bwanji kuthana ndi zizindikiro zanga kunyumba?
• Ndi zizindikiro ziti zazikulu zomwe ndiyenera kuyang'anitsitsa?
• Kodi ndiyenera kupita ku chipinda chadzidzidzi nthawi yanji?
• Kodi ndibwere kudzakuonaninso?
• Kodi zinditengera nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti ndichire bwino?

Kodi `(fuluwenza)` iyi imatchedwanso `fuluwenza yam'mimba`?

Ayi. “Chimfine cha m'mimba” ndi chomwe nthawi zambiri timachitcha gastroenteritis . Sichimayamba chifukwa cha kachilombo ka chimfine. Sichikugwirizana ndi chimfine cha nyengo chomwe tikukamba.

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Ngakhale kuti chimfine ndi matenda ofala kwambiri, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti chingayambitsenso mavuto omwe angawononge moyo. Kulandira katemera wa chimfine (`(jakisoni wa chimfine)`) ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yodzitetezera ku matenda. Ingatetezenso okondedwa anu ndi anansi anu.

Ngati muli ndi matenda ena omwe amabwera chifukwa cha matenda anu, kapena ngati muli ndi pakati, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za njira zochepetsera chiopsezo chanu chotenga chimfine. Palibe amene ali ndi chitetezo ku chimfine, koma anthu ambiri amatha kuchira mwa kukhala panyumba, kudya bwino (mwina ndi supu ya nkhuku ndi kanema!). Koma ngati zili zoipa kwambiri, onetsetsani kuti mwawonana ndi dokotala.