N’zoonekeratu kuti timamva kusasangalala tikadwala chimfine. Mutu, kupweteka kwa thupi, mphuno yotsekeka komanso kupuma movutikira, komanso chifuwa chotsagana nacho... zonsezi zimakumana ndipo zimakhala zokhumudwitsa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zina ngati izi, ambiri a ife timapita ku pharmacy kukapempha piritsi limodzi lomwe lingachiritse zizindikiro zonsezi. Timatcha izi 'Milingo Yophatikizana'. Ndiko kuti, mapiritsi omwe amapangidwa pophatikiza mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala kuti athetse zizindikiro zingapo. Lero tikulankhula za mtundu umodzi wa mankhwala womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
Kodi mankhwalawa ali ndi chiyani?
Mankhwalawa si mankhwala amodzi kwenikweni. Ndi kuphatikiza kwa mankhwala atatu akuluakulu. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe ali komanso zomwe amachita.
1. Acetaminophen: Ngakhale dzinali lingamveke ngati lachilendo, ili ndi paracetamol yomwe tonse timaidziwa. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa malungo ndikuchepetsa ululu monga kupweteka kwa thupi ndi mutu.
2. Guaifenesin: Iyi ndi mankhwala amtundu wa "Expectorant". Mwachidule, imagwira ntchito pomasula ntchofu yokhuthala pachifuwa ndikuthandiza kuti ichokere mosavuta . Chifukwa chake, ndi yoyenera kwambiri pa chifuwa chotupa komanso chotupa pachifuwa. Osati pa chifuwa chouma komanso chonyentchera.
3. Phenylephrine: Iyi ndi mankhwala amtundu wa "wochotsa m'mphuno". Mukakhala ndi chimfine, mitsempha yamagazi mkati mwa mphuno yanu imatupa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphuno yanu itsekeke. Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito pochepetsa mitsempha yamagazi kwakanthawi, kuchepetsa kutsekeka kwa mphuno ndikupangitsa kuti kupuma kukhale kosavuta .
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti mankhwalawa amangoletsa zizindikiro za chimfine. Sachiritsa matenda a mavairasi kapena mabakiteriya m'thupi.
Zinthu zomwe muyenera kuziganizira musanamwe mankhwalawa
Musanamwe mankhwalawa, muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse la matenda kapena mavuto awa. Izi zidzamuthandiza kusankha ngati mankhwalawa ndi oyenera kwa inu kapena ngati mukufuna kumwa mankhwala ena.
| Mkhalidwe/Nthawi | N’chifukwa chiyani muyenera kusamala? |
|---|---|
| Matenda a shuga | Mankhwala ena amatha kukhudza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. |
| Kuthamanga kwa Magazi Kwambiri | Phenylephrine imatha kuonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi. |
| Matenda a Mtima | Zingakhudze kugunda kwa mtima. |
| Glaucoma | Kupanikizika kwa maso kumatha kukwera. |
| Matenda a Chithokomiro | Zizindikiro zimatha kukulirakulira. |
| Matenda a Prostate | Kuvuta kukodza kungachitike. |
| Kumwa mankhwala a MAOI | Awa ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kuvutika maganizo. Ngati mukumwa mankhwalawa, simuyenera kumwa MAOI m'masabata awiri apitawa. |
| Kukhala ndi pakati kapena kuyamwitsa | Uphungu wa dokotala ndi wofunikira chifukwa ungakhudze mwana. |
Kodi ndiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito bwanji mankhwalawa?
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, werengani malangizo omwe ali pa phukusi la mankhwala mosamala. Nthawi zambiri amalangizidwa kuti amwe ndi kapu ya madzi . Imwani mlingo wolembedwa panthawi yomwe mwapatsidwa. Musamwe mankhwala opitirira mlingo womwe mwapatsidwa.
Ngati mukupereka mankhwalawa kwa ana, makamaka omwe ali ndi zaka zosakwana 12, muyenera kufunsa dokotala wa ana. Komanso, anthu azaka zopitilira 65 angafunike mlingo wocheperako chifukwa matupi awo amatha kuyankha mosiyana ndi mankhwalawa.
Kodi mungachite chiyani ngati mwamwa mankhwala ochulukirapo (overdose)?
Iyi ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri. Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwamwa mankhwala ochulukirapo,Musadikire kuti zizindikiro ziwonekere. Kumwa paracetamol yambiri kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa chiwindi. Chifukwa chake, imbani nthawi yomweyo ku National Poisons Information Centre ku Colombo National Hospital , kapena pitani ku Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ya chipatala chapafupi.
Zinthu zina zomwe zingagwirizane ndi mankhwalawa
Mankhwala ndi zakudya zina zimatha kukhudzana ndi mankhwalawa ndikuyambitsa matenda oopsa.
Chenjezo: Ngati mukumwa mankhwalawa, musamwe mankhwala ena aliwonse okhala ndi paracetamol (Acetaminophen) (monga Panadol, Panadin) nthawi imodzi. Nthawi zonse werengani chizindikirocho musanamwe mankhwala aliwonse. Ngati mukukayika, funsani dokotala wanu.
| Zinthu zomwe zingayambitse mavuto | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Zinthu zomwe simuyenera kugula | |
| Mankhwala amtundu wa MAOI | Kuthamanga kwa magazi kungakwere kwambiri. |
| Ergot Alkaloids (mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza mutu waching'alang'ala) | Zingakhudze kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kugunda kwa mtima. |
| Zinthu zomwe mungakambirane ndi dokotala wanu ngati mukumwa mankhwalawa | |
| Mowa | Chiwopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi chimakhala chachikulu kwambiri chikaphatikizidwa ndi paracetamol. |
| Mankhwala a matenda amisala | Zotsatirapo zake zingachuluke. |
| Mankhwala a kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi matenda a mtima | Zingasokoneze mphamvu ya mankhwala. |
| Mankhwala ochepetsa magazi monga Warfarin | Chiwopsezo cha kutuluka magazi chikhoza kukwera. |
Zotsatirapo zomwe zingakhalepo chifukwa cha mankhwalawa
Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, mankhwalawa angayambitse mavuto ena mwa anthu ena. Ena mwa iwo ndi oopsa, pomwe ena ndi ofatsa.
| Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro izi, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. | |
|---|---|
| • Matenda a ziwengo - ziphuphu pakhungu, kuyabwa, kutupa kwa nkhope, milomo, lilime. | • Kuvuta kupuma. |
| • Kupweteka pachifuwa, kugunda kwa mtima mofulumira kapena kosasinthasintha. | • Chizungulire kwambiri, kumva ngati ungataye chikumbumtima. |
| • Kugwidwa ndi khunyu. | • Kuoneka kwachikasu kwa maso kapena khungu (Jaundice). |
| • Kuvuta kukodza. | • Kutuluka magazi kapena mabala osazolowereka. |
| Zotsatirapo zomwe nthawi zambiri siziyenera kuda nkhawa nazo, koma ngati zikupitirira, muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu. | |
| • Mutu | • Kusasangalala m'mimba, nseru |
| • Kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya | • Kusowa tulo |
Kodi muyenera kusunga bwanji mankhwala anu?
Sungani mankhwalawa pamalo omwe ana sangafikire . Ngati mwana wamng'ono ameza piritsi ngati ili, likhoza kupha. Sungani kutentha kwa chipinda, kutali ndi kuwala ndi chinyezi. Musagwiritse ntchito mankhwala otha ntchito.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Mankhwala amtundu uwu ndi osakaniza mankhwala angapo omwe amapereka mpumulo ku zizindikiro zingapo.
- Mukamamwa mankhwalawa, musamwe mankhwala ena aliwonse okhala ndi paracetamol (Acetaminophen) nthawi imodzi. Nthawi zonse werengani chizindikirocho.
- Uzani dokotala wanu za matenda ena aliwonse omwe muli nawo (makamaka kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda a mtima, matenda a shuga) ndi mankhwala ena onse omwe mukumwa.
- Musapitirire mlingo woyenera. Kumwa paracetamol yambiri kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa chiwindi.
- Ngati mukukayikira kuti mwamwa mankhwala opitirira muyeso kapena ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa, funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo (pitani ku ETU kapena imbani National Poisons Information Centre).
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