Kodi mumamva ngati mwana wanu akuchita zinthu mosiyana pang'ono ndi ana ena? Mwina amakonda kukhala yekha. Kapena mwina sayang'ana nkhope za anthu ena akamalankhula. Ndizachilendo kwa ife monga makolo kumva mantha komanso nkhawa pang'ono tikamaona zinthu ngati izi. Umu ndi momwe wochita sewero wotchuka padziko lonse Gary Cole anamvera atamva za mwana wake wamkazi. Kudzera mu zomwe adakumana nazo, lero tikambirana za autism, vuto lomwe limayambitsa mavuto m'maganizo mwa makolo ambiri, koma lingathe kuthetsedwa ngati litadziwitsidwa bwino.
Kodi autism kwenikweni ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, autism si matenda. Ndi vuto la kukula kwa ubongo lomwe limakhudzana ndi kukula kwa ubongo. Madokotala amalitcha kuti Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) . Mawu akuti "spectrum" amatanthauza kuti vutoli limakhudza anthu m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Lili ngati utawaleza wa mitundu. Mwana mmodzi ali ndi makhalidwe osiyana ndi wina. Anthu ena amafunikira thandizo lalikulu pa ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku, pomwe ena amatha kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino.
Vutoli limayambitsa mavuto ambiri pakulankhulana ndi anthu komanso machitidwe awo . Izi zikutanthauza kuti, kusintha kumatha kuwoneka m'njira yomwe anthu amachitirana zinthu ndi ena, momwe amalankhulirana, momwe amasinthirana malingaliro, komanso momwe amachitira zinthu.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti autism si chifukwa cha kulakwitsa kwa makolo, kulakwitsa pa momwe mwana analeredwera, kapena katemera wina aliyense. Limenelo ndi lingaliro lolakwika kotheratu.
Kodi ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe tiyenera kuziganizira?
Ngakhale kuti zizindikirozi zimasiyana malinga ndi mwana, pali zizindikiro zina zomwe zimaonekera. Izi nthawi zambiri zimaonekera mwana akakwanitsa zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu. Nthawi zina zizindikirozi zimatha kuzindikirika msanga.
| Mtundu wa khalidwe | Zitsanzo za zinthu zomwe mungathe kuziona |
|---|---|
| Mavuto a ubale ndi anthu komanso kulankhulana |
|
| Makhalidwe Obwerezabwereza ndi Mphamvu Yochepa Yofuna | |
| Zinthu zina zodziwika bwino |
Nanga bwanji ngati mwana wanu ali ndi zizindikiro izi?
Musaganize kuti mwana wanu ali ndi vuto la autism chifukwa chakuti ali ndi chimodzi kapena ziwiri mwa zizindikirozi. Mwana aliyense amakula mofulumira. Komabe, ngati mukukayikira nthawi zonse, ndi bwino kufunafuna thandizo la akatswiri m'malo moganiza kuti, "Palibe vuto, ndidzakhala bwino ndikakula."
Zinthu zomwe mungachite monga kholo
Ngati muli ndi kukayikira kulikonse kokhudza mwana wanu, musamangoganizira za iye. Monga momwe Gary Cole ananenera, "Pezani mayankho mwachangu momwe mungathere."
1. Funsani upangiri kwa dokotala: Choyamba muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala wa ana. Kambiranani naye momasuka za khalidwe la mwana wanu komanso nkhawa zilizonse zomwe mungakhale nazo. Ngati pakufunika kutero, adzakutumizirani kwa katswiri.Mudzatumizidwa kwa Katswiri wa Matenda a Maganizo a Ana ndi Achinyamata. Katswiri wotereyu yekha ndi amene angadziwe bwino vutoli.
2. Kuthandiza msanga ndikofunikira: Vutoli likadziwika msanga, mwanayo amatha kupatsidwa thandizo lofunikira ndikukulitsa luso lake mwachangu. Kupereka chithandizo ndi maphunziro ofunikira ali wamng'ono, pamene ubongo wa mwanayo ukukula mofulumira, kudzamuthandiza kwambiri kuthana ndi mavuto ambiri omwe angakumane nawo mtsogolo.
3. Dziwani mankhwala ndi chithandizo: Ngakhale kuti palibe mankhwala a autism, pali mankhwala ambiri omwe angathandize mwana kukhala ndi moyo wosalira zambiri komanso kukulitsa luso lake.
- Chithandizo cha Kulankhula: Chimathandiza polankhula ndi kufotokoza malingaliro.
- Chithandizo cha Ntchito: Chimakuphunzitsani momwe mungachitire ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku nokha, monga kutsuka mano anu, kuvala, ndi kulemba.
- Chithandizo cha Khalidwe: Chimathandiza kulamulira khalidwe losayenera ndikukulitsa luso locheza ndi anthu.
- Maphunziro Apadera: Kupereka maphunziro ogwirizana ndi luso la mwana lophunzira.
Mwana wamkazi wa Gary Cole, Mary, nayenso anapita kusukulu yokhazikika mothandizidwa ndi wothandizira maphunziro apadera. Anapitilizanso maphunziro ake bwino ku sukulu yapadera yophunzirira yomwe imamuyenerera. Zimasonyeza kuti ana awa angathandize kwambiri ngati apeza chithandizo choyenera .
Uthenga waung'ono kwa makolo
Kusamalira mwana yemwe ali ndi vuto la autism kungakhale kovuta. Mungamve kutopa, ndipo nthawi zina chisoni. Zimenezo n'zachibadwa. Koma kumbukirani kuti simuli nokha . Pali makolo ena ambirimbiri omwe akuyenda ulendowu.
Kondwererani zinthu zazing'ono zimene mwana wanu wakwanitsa. Kondwererani akakuyang'anani m'maso koyamba, akanena mawu atsopano, akaphunzira chinthu chatsopano. Ndi kuleza mtima, chikondi, ndi chitsogozo choyenera, mutha kutsegulira mwana wanu njira yoti akhale ndi moyo wachimwemwe komanso watanthauzo.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Matenda a Autism si matenda, ndi vuto lokhudzana ndi kukula kwa ubongo. Limakhudza munthu aliyense mosiyana (Spectrum).
- Dziwani zizindikiro monga kusafuna kucheza ndi mwana wanu, kuchedwa kulankhula, komanso mobwerezabwereza.
- Ngati muli ndi kukayikira kulikonse, musaganize kuti "tidzaonana mtsogolo" ndipo pitani kwa dokotala wa ana mwamsanga.
- Kuzindikira vutoli mwachangu ndikupereka chithandizo chofunikira chamankhwala ndikofunikira kwambiri pa tsogolo la mwana.
- Ndi chikondi, chisamaliro, ndi chithandizo choyenera, ana omwe ali ndi autism amatha kukwaniritsa zomwe angathe.
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