Kodi matenda a Dementia ndi chiyani? Tiyeni tikambirane za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matendawa.

Kodi munayamba mwazindikirapo kuti munthu wokalamba m'nyumba mwanu, mwina amayi anu, abambo anu, agogo anu kapena azakhali anu, ndi wosiyana ndi kale? Mwina mwazindikirapo kuti nthawi zina amaiwala zinthu, amasochera m'malo odziwika bwino, kapena amachita zinthu molakwika kuposa kale. Nthawi zambiri timanyalanyaza zinthuzi ngati "izi ndi momwe zimakhalira mukakula." Koma, sizili choncho nthawi zonse. Nthawi zina zizindikirozi zimatha kukhala zizindikiro zoyamba za matenda a ubongo otchedwa dementia. Kotero lero tikambirana izi.

Kodi matenda a Dementia ndi chiyani kwenikweni?

Mwachidule, matenda a dementia si matenda amodzi okha. Ali ngati ambulera. Pansi pa ambulera iyi, pali matenda ambiri omwe amakhudza ntchito ya ubongo, makamaka kukumbukira, luso loganiza, ndi khalidwe. Matendawa amatha kuipiraipira pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi. Koma nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti ndi kuzindikira msanga ndi kulandira chithandizo choyenera, liwiro lomwe matendawa amaipiraipira lingathe kulamulidwa.

Matenda a dementia angagawidwe m'magulu atatu akuluakulu:

1. Matenda a dementia oyamba: Pano, matenda a dementia ndiye vuto lalikulu. Silimachitika ngati zotsatira za matenda ena.

2. Matenda amisala achiwiri: Apa ndi pamene zizindikiro za matenda amisala zimayamba chifukwa cha matenda ena, monga sitiroko.

3. Matenda amisala osinthika: Nthawi zina, chifukwa chosavuta, monga kusowa kwa mavitamini, chingayambitse zizindikiro zofanana ndi matenda amisala. Zizindikirozi zimatha chifukwa chake chikachiritsidwa.

Mitundu yodziwika bwino ya matenda a dementia

Tiyeni tione mitundu yofala kwambiri ya matenda a dementia. Chithandizo chomwe inu kapena wokondedwa wanu muli nacho chidzadalira mtundu wa matenda omwe muli nawo.

Matenda a Alzheimer

Uwu ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri womwe umabwera m'maganizo mwa anthu ambiri akamaganiza za matenda a dementia. Pafupifupi 70% ya anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a dementia padziko lonse lapansi amavutika ndi vutoli. Ngakhale kuti chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a Alzheimer sichinadziwikebe, amakhulupirira kuti ukalamba, majini, zinthu zachilengedwe, ndi moyo (zakudya, kugona, ndi zina zotero) zimakhudzanso. Mukayang'ana ma scan a ubongo, mutha kuwona kusintha kwapadera komwe madokotala amatcha "ma plaques ndi tangles."

Matenda a mitsempha yamagazi

Uwu ndi mtundu wachiwiri wofala kwambiri. Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi kutsekeka kwa magazi kupita ku ubongo. Chiwopsezochi chimawonjezeka ndi matenda monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, cholesterol, matenda a shuga, matenda a mtima, kapena sitiroko. M'malo moyamba ndi mavuto okumbukira monga matenda a Alzheimer's, mtundu uwu nthawi zambiri umayamba ndi zovuta kukonzekera, kukonza, komanso kupanga zisankho .

Makhalidwe Abwino:

• Zizindikiro zofanana ndi sitiroko (monga kuvutika kulankhula).
• Kukwiya kapena kusokonezeka mosavuta, makamaka usiku.
• Kusintha kayendedwe (monga kukoka miyendo pansi m'malo moyenda ndi mapazi anu pansi).
• Kutaya mphamvu ya thupi.
• Kumva kufunikira kokodza mwachangu.

Matenda amisala okhala ndi matupi a Lewy (DLB)

Ma Lewy bodies ndi mtundu wa mapuloteni omwe amasonkhana pakati pa maselo a ubongo. Amasokoneza kulumikizana pakati pa maselo. Chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha vutoli ndi kuthekera kowona zinthu zomwe palibe (kuona zinthu zowoneka) .

Zina mwazinthu:

• Kuvuta kuganiza ndi kukhazikika maganizo.
• Kumva kapena kununkhiza zinthu zomwe palibe.
• Kulankhula, kuyenda, ndi kukankha m'maloto.
• Zizindikiro zofanana ndi matenda a Parkinson, monga kunjenjemera kwa thupi kapena kuyenda pang'onopang'ono.

Matenda a Parkinson's dementia (PDD)

Matenda a Parkinson ndi matenda omwe amakhudza mitsempha. Pafupifupi 50% ya anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa amakumana ndi kusintha kwa kukumbukira ndi kuganiza pakapita nthawi. Izi zikufanana kwambiri ndi DLB.

Zizindikiro zake ndi monga mavuto a kukumbukira kwa nthawi yochepa kapena yayitali, kusintha kwa maganizo, ndi zikhulupiriro zachilendo (monga kuganiza kuti winawake akufuna kukuvulazani).

Mitundu ina ya matenda a dementia

Kuwonjezera pa mitundu yomwe yatchulidwa pamwambapa, palinso mitundu ina yambiri ya matenda a dementia.

Matenda amisala osiyanasiyana

Anthu ena akhoza kukhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda a dementia. Mwachitsanzo, akhoza kukhala ndi matenda a Alzheimer's komanso matenda a dementia a mitsempha yamagazi. Zikatero, zizindikiro zimatha kukhala zovuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matenda ndi chithandizo zikhale zovuta.

Matenda a Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD)

Mu mkhalidwe uwu, maselo omwe ali kutsogolo ndi m'mbali mwa ubongo amawonongeka. Ziwalo zimenezi zimalamulira khalidwe lathu, umunthu wathu, malankhulidwe athu, ndi mayendedwe athu. Chifukwa chake, odwalawa amatha kuwona kusintha kwakukulu mu umunthu wawo ndi machitidwe awo . Mwachitsanzo, amatha kuchita zinthu m'gulu popanda manyazi, ndipo anganene chilichonse chomwe chimabwera m'maganizo mwawo.

Matenda a maganizo a achinyamata

Matenda a dementia nthawi zambiri amakhudza anthu okalamba, koma nthawi zambiri sakhudza anthu osakwana zaka 65. Izi zimatchedwa 'dementia ya achinyamata'. Kutaya kukumbukira kungakhale chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zoyambirira mwa anthu awa. Ngati muli ndi vutoli, ndikofunikira kwambiri kupita kwa dokotala mwamsanga.

Mitundu ina yosowa

Palinso mitundu ina yosowa ya matenda a dementia.

• Matenda a Huntington: Uwu ndi matenda obadwa nawo m'majini.
• Matenda a Creutzfeldt-Jakob: Matenda osowa, omwe amafalikira mofulumira chifukwa cha mapuloteni osazolowereka otchedwa ``prions.''
• Kupanikizika kwabwinobwino kwa hydrocephalus (NPH): Matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusayenda bwino kwa madzi am'mitsempha ya ubongo (CSF). Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimatha kuchepetsedwa pochotsa madzi ochulukirapo ndi opaleshoni pogwiritsa ntchito shunt.
• Matenda a Wernicke-Korsakoff (WKS): Matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusowa kwa thiamine (vitamini B1), makamaka kwa anthu omwe amamwa mowa kwambiri.
• Matenda a dementia okhudzana ndi HIV: Angayambitsidwe ndi kachilombo ka HIV muubongo.
• Matenda a ubongo otchedwa chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE):Matenda omwe angachitike chifukwa cha kuvulala mutu mobwerezabwereza (monga othamanga, asilikali).

Ngati mukukayikira kuti inuyo kapena wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi zizindikiro izi, chonde musanyalanyaze. Pitani kwa dokotala woyenerera mwamsanga kuti akupatseni upangiri. Mutha kutumizidwa kwa katswiri wa mitsempha. Kuzindikira msanga ndi kulandira chithandizo kungakuthandizeni kwambiri kukhala ndi moyo wabwino.