Ngati wina m'banja mwanu, mwina mayi wokondedwa, bambo, agogo kapena azakhali, akudwala matenda a Alzheimer's, tikudziwa momwe zimakhalira zopweteka. N'zovuta kufotokoza ululu womwe mumamva pamene mukuwona kukumbukira kwanu kutha pang'onopang'ono ndipo mukutaya mphamvu yanu yodzizindikira. Ngakhale kuti mankhwala a matendawa alipo pano amatha kuletsa zizindikiro mpaka pamlingo wina, palibe mankhwala. Komabe, sayansi ya zamankhwala siimasiya. Tsopano, asayansi padziko lonse lapansi akufufuza katemera yemwe angachiritse, kuwongolera komanso kupewa matendawa. Choncho tiyeni tikambirane za chiyembekezo chatsopanochi lero.
Ndi katemera uti amene angathandize ndi matenda a Alzheimer's?
Ndipotu, kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti akuluakulu omwe amalandira katemera wina wa matenda monga nsabwe (monga katemera wa shingles) ndi katemera wa matenda monga chikuku ali ndi chiopsezo chochepa chotenga matenda a Alzheimer's. Koma awa si katemera wokhudzana ndi matenda a Alzheimer's.
Popanga katemera winawake wa matenda a Alzheimer's, asayansi akuyang'ana kwambiri kusintha kwakukulu kutatu muubongo komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha matendawa. Mwachidule, pali "zovuta" zitatu zazikulu mkati mwa ubongo wa wodwala matenda a Alzheimer's.
1. Mapuloteni a Tau amakumana: Izi zimasonkhana mkati mwa maselo a mitsempha muubongo.
2. Ma Beta-amyloid plaques: Izi zimasonkhana pakati pa maselo a mitsempha, kutanthauza kuti, m'malo omwe ali pakati pa maselo awiri.
3. Kutupa muubongo: Zinthu ziwirizi zimayambitsa kutupa kosalekeza, kapena kutupa, muubongo.
Cholinga cha katemera aliyense amene akupangidwa panopa ndikuwongolera chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa zinthuzi. Tiyeni tiwone mtundu uliwonse wa katemera padera.
| Mtundu wa katemera ndi cholinga chake | Njira ndi zotsatira zake |
|---|---|
| Katemera wokhudza mapuloteni a Tau | Tangoganizirani kuti maselo amitsempha muubongo wanu ali ndi kapangidwe ngati njanji yonyamulira zakudya m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Puloteni iyi yotchedwa 'tau' imasunga 'njira za njanji'zokhazikika. Mu matenda a Alzheimer's, mapuloteni a tau awa amakhala osasinthika, m'malo mokhala ngati njira, amalumikizana pamodzi ndikukhala ngati 'mipira ya ulusi'. Kenako mayendedwe mkati mwa maselo amasiya, ndipo maselo amayamba kufa. Katemera awa amayesa kuletsa kusakanikirana kumeneku. Katemera omwe ali mu gawo loyesera pano ndi AADvac1 ndi ACI-35.030/JACI-35.054 . |
| Katemera wolunjika ku beta-amyloid | Izi zili ngati 'zinyalala' kapena 'zinyalala zonga guluu' zomwe zimasonkhana pakati pa maselo amitsempha muubongo. Zidutswa za puloteni iyi yotchedwa beta-amyloid zimasonkhana ndikupanga malo otchedwa 'plaques'. Izi zimaletsa maselo amitsempha kulankhulana bwino, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amaletsedwa kutumiza 'zizindikiro'. Chomwe katemerayu amachita ndikulimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi kuti chichotse 'zinyalala' izi. Katemera monga ALZ-101, ABvac40, ndi UB-311 ali m'gululi. |
| Katemera wokhudza kutupa kwa ubongo | Mu ubongo wathanzi, pali maselo apadera otchedwa microglia. Ali ngati 'gulu loyeretsa' la ubongo. Ntchito yawo ndi kuchotsa zinyalala zosafunikira ndi poizoni. Koma mu matenda a Alzheimer's, ogwira ntchitowa amataya mtima. M'malo mochotsa zinyalala, amapanga mankhwala owopsa omwe amayambitsa kutupa kosalekeza muubongo. Izi zimawononganso maselo amitsempha athanzi. Katemera awa amayesa kubwezeretsa 'njira yoyeretsera yosokonezeka' iyi. GV1001 ndi Protollin ndi awiri mwa katemera woyeserawa. |
Ndiye, kodi tidzapeza liti katemera wa Alzheimer's?
Ili ndi funso lalikulu lomwe aliyense ali nalo. Kunena zoona, izi zitenga nthawi. Katemera onsewa omwe takambirana akadali mu gawo la mayeso azachipatala. Izi zikutanthauza kuti akuyesedwabe kuti awone ngati ali otetezeka kupatsa anthu komanso momwe angathandizire.
Chofunika kwambiri n’chakuti ngati kafukufukuyu apambana, matenda a Alzheimer’s akhoza kupewedwa kapena kuchiritsidwa pachiyambi mtsogolo.
Malinga ndi zomwe zapezeka pakali pano, pakati pa katemera wotchulidwa pamwambapa, GV1001Katemerayu wapita patsogolo pang'ono m'mayesero azachipatala, koma izi sizili zotsatira zomaliza.
Kodi tidzachita chiyani mpaka nthawi imeneyo?
Ndi bwino kukhala ndi chiyembekezo cha katemera watsopanoyu. Koma mpaka nthawi imeneyo, ngati inu kapena wina m'banja mwanu akudwala matendawa, chinthu chabwino kwambiri choti muchite ndikutsatira chithandizo chomwe dokotala wanu akulangiza panopa.
Mankhwala omwe alipo pano, monga Aducanumab ndi Lecanemab, awonetsedwa kuti amachepetsa kufalikira kwa matendawa pang'onopang'ono ngati atapezeka msanga. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti mulumikizane ndi dokotala nthawi zonse ndikutsatira malangizo ake.
Ngati mukufuna kutenga nawo mbali mu mayeso azachipatala ngati awa, mutha kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za izi. Iye adzatha kukupatsani malangizo olondola ngati pali mwayi woyenera kwa inu komanso ngati ndinu woyenera.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Matenda a Alzheimer ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa ubongo (mapuloteni a tau tangles, ma beta-amyloid deposits, kutupa).
- Asayansi akugwira ntchito mwakhama popanga katemera amene angathandize kusintha kumeneku ndikupewa, kuchiritsa, kapena kuwongolera matendawa.
- Popeza katemerayu akadali mu gawo lofufuza, zitenga nthawi kuti apezeke kwambiri.
- Chinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe mungachite panthawiyi ndikupitiriza kulandira chithandizo chomwe dokotala wanu akulangiza ndikutsatira malangizo ake.
- Katemera akapangidwa bwino mtsogolo, gulu lanu lachipatala lidzakudziwitsani za katemerayu.
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