Kodi AL Amyloidosis ndi chiyani? Tiyeni tikambirane za matenda oopsa awa!

Kodi mudamvapo za matenda otchedwa `AL Amyloidosis`? Mwina ayi, sichoncho? Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti si matenda omwe amakhudza aliyense. Komabe, ngati zitachitika, zitha kukhala zoopsa pang'ono. Mwachidule, ndi kusintha kwa mtundu wa selo lotchedwa ``Maselo a plasma`` omwe tili nawo m'thupi lathu, ndipo mapuloteni ena opangidwa ndi iwo amachoka m'thupi ndikuwayika m'ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za thupi lathu, n'kuwawononga. Zili ngati makina omwe anali kugwira ntchito bwino ndipo mwadzidzidzi anayamba kupanga ziwalo zolakwika. Tiyeni tikambirane za izi mwatsatanetsatane , chifukwa ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa izi.

Kodi `AL Amyloidosis` kwenikweni ndi chiyani?

'AL amyloidosis' iyi ndi mtundu umodzi wa matenda akuluakulu otchedwa 'Amyloidosis'. 'Amyloidosis' ndi matenda osowa omwe amapezeka pakakhala kusintha, kapena 'kusintha', mu 'maselo a plasma' m'mafupa athu. Maselo a plasma osinthikawa amapanga mtundu wosadziwika bwino wa mapuloteni. Mapuloteni awa, monga mipira yolumikizana ya ulusi, amasonkhana pamodzi, ndikukhazikika m'ziwalo zathu zofunika kwambiri.

Mu AL amyloidosis, mtundu wa mapuloteni omwe amasokonezeka motere ndi puloteni ya unyolo wopepuka. Mapuloteni awa a unyolo wopepuka ndi mbali ya ma antibodies omwe matupi athu amagwiritsa ntchito polimbana ndi matenda. Ma antibodies awa amapangidwa ndi maselo omwewo a plasma omwe ndatchula kale.

Kawirikawiri, AL amyloidosis imakhudza kwambiri mtima ndi/kapena impso zathu. Komabe, nthawi zina imatha kukhudza m'mimba, matumbo, mitsempha, ndi khungu.

Chabwino kwambiri n'chakuti ngati matendawa apezeka msanga ndikuchiritsidwa mwachangu , nthawi zina amatha kuchiritsidwa ngati matenda osatha. Komabe, ngati sanachiritsidwe, angayambitse matenda oopsa komanso imfa. Choncho ichi si chinthu chongofunika kuchitenga mopepuka.

Kodi zilembo ziwiri `AL` m'dzina ili zimatanthauza chiyani?

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya amyloidosis. Mtundu uliwonse umatchedwa dzina la puloteni yosazolowereka yomwe imayambitsa matendawa. Mu AL amyloidosis, chilembo A chimayimira amyloidosis ndipo chilembo L chimayimira puloteni yotchedwa unyolo wopepuka womwe umayambitsa matendawa. Mitundu ina yodziwika bwino ya amyloidosis ndi AA amyloidosis (yomwe imayamba chifukwa cha puloteni ya amyloid A m'magazi) ndi ATTR amyloidosis (yomwe imayamba chifukwa cha transthyretin).

Kodi `AL amyloidosis` imakhudza bwanji thupi langa?

Mwachidule, AL amyloidosis ndi matenda a maselo a plasma. Maselo a plasma ndi gawo la chitetezo chathu chamthupi. Ntchito yawo yayikulu ndikupanga ma antibodies olimbana ndi matenda. Tangoganizani kuti m'matupi athu, muli ma clones masauzande ambiri a maselo a plasma omwe amapanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma antibodies olimbana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Selo limodzi la plasma limagawanika ndikupanga maselo ambiri.

Mu matenda okhudzana ndi 'maselo a plasma', gulu la 'maselo a plasma' amenewa limagawikana mosalamulirika, ndikupanga kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa 'ma antibodies' amtundu womwewo.

Mu AL amyloidosis, pamene ma antibodies amapangidwa, ma protein awiri otchedwa heavy chains ndi ma light chains amapangidwa. Chomwe chimachitika apa ndichakuti maselo a plasma amapanga ma protein ambiri a light chain. Ma light chains awa amasakanikirana ndi kuphatikizika pamodzi. Ma protein ophatikizikawa amatchedwa amyloid fibrils. Ma fibroids awa amaikidwa m'ziwalo zathu. Pamenepo ndi pomwe kuwonongeka kwakukulu kumayamba kuchitika ku ziwalo zimenezo, nthawi zina mpaka kufika poika moyo pachiswe.

Ndani amene ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza matendawa?

Amyloidosis ndi matenda osowa kwambiri. Akuti imakhudza anthu pakati pa 9 ndi 14 pa miliyoni ku United States ndi pakati pa anthu 5 ndi 12 pa miliyoni m'madera ena a dziko lapansi. AL amyloidosis imapezeka kwambiri mwa amuna kuposa akazi. Nthawi zambiri imakhudzanso anthu azaka zopitirira 60. Avereji ya zaka zomwe munthu amadwala matendawa ndi pafupifupi zaka 64.

Kodi zizindikiro za `AL amyloidosis` ndi ziti?

`AL amyloidosis` ingakhudze ziwalo za thupi lathu zokha, kuyambira mutu mpaka kumapazi, komanso miyendo. Nthawi zambiri, zizindikiro za matendawa zimatha kufanana ndi zizindikiro za matenda ena osaopsa kwenikweni. Komanso, zizindikiro zimawonekera pang'onopang'ono kwambiri . Chifukwa chake simungazindikire kusintha kwa thupi lanu nthawi yomweyo.

Zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi mutu ndi khosi:

• Kodi mukumva chizungulire kapena mutu wopepuka (`mutu wopepuka`) mukadzuka?
• Kodi muli ndi ziphuphu zofiirira m'maso mwanu kapena m'zikope zanu?
• Kodi lilime lanu limamveka lalikulu kuposa lachizolowezi ?

Zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi manja ndi mapazi:

Manja akhoza kukhala ndi makhalidwe awa:

• Kodi mumamva kupweteka, kupsa, kapena kupsa m'manja mwanu? Izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro za matenda otchedwa ``Peripheral Neuropathy``.
• Kodi mukumva kuwawa ndi dzanzi m'manja mwanu? Izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro za ``Carpal Tunnel Syndrome``.

Zizindikiro za miyendo ndi mapazi zingakhale monga:

• Kodi miyendo kapena mapazi anu amatupa ?
• Kodi miyendo yanu ikumva ngati yopanda moyo ?

Kuphatikiza apo, mungazindikire kuti mumavulala mosavuta , mumatuluka magazi mosavuta, kapena khungu lanu limasanduka lofiirira pomwe pali makwinya.

Zizindikiro zomwe zimasonyeza mavuto a mtima ndi mapapo:

Zizindikiro zotsatirazi zingakhalenso zizindikiro za matenda ena, koma samalani:

• Kugunda kwa mtima: Kumva ngati mtima ukugunda ndipo ukuthamanga.
• Kupuma movutikira (dyspnea): Kumva ngati chifuwa chaphwanyika, ngati kuti simungathe kupuma mozama.
• Kupweteka pachifuwa : Kupweteka kulikonse pachifuwa. Kupweteka kumeneku kungakhale koopsa, kosasangalatsa, kapena kobwera ndi kutha. Kupweteka pachifuwa kungakhalenso chizindikiro cha matenda a mtima, choncho ngati muli ndi kupweteka pachifuwa komwe kumatenga mphindi zoposa zisanu ndipo sikutha mukapuma kapena kumwa mankhwala, imbani 911 nthawi yomweyo kapena pemphani wina kuti akutengereni kuchipatala.
• Kutopa : Kumva kutopa kwambiri moti simungathe kuchita ntchito zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku, ngati kuti thupi lanu silinakhale ndi moyo.

Zizindikiro zomwe zimasonyeza mavuto a m'mimba kapena m'mimba:

AL amyloidosis ingakhudzenso kadyedwe kanu. Mutha kukhala ndi zizindikiro monga:

• Kusafuna kudya : Kusafuna kudya kwa aliyense kumasintha nthawi ndi nthawi. Koma ngati simukufuna kudya kwa masiku angapo popanda chifukwa chilichonse, kungakhale chizindikiro cha vuto la m'mimba lokhudzana ndi AL amyloidosis.
• Kutupa kapena mpweya wochuluka : Kutupa ndi mpweya ndi zizindikiro zofala, koma nthawi zina zochititsa manyazi. Komabe, ngati muli ndi mpweya wopitirira, ukhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha vuto la m'mimba lokhudzana ndi AL amyloidosis.
• Kudzimbidwa : Kudzimbidwa ndi vuto la matumbo osakwana katatu pa sabata. Ngati muli ndi kudzimbidwa kwa milungu yoposa itatu, ndi vuto lomwe muyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu.
• Kutsegula m'mimba : Chimbudzi chamadzi. Ngati kutsegula m'mimba kukupitirira, muyeneranso kuuza dokotala wanu.

Zizindikiro zomwe zimasonyeza mavuto a impso kapena chikhodzodzo:

Mungazindikire kusintha kwa mawonekedwe a mkodzo wanu kapena kangati komwe muyenera kukodza. Zizindikiro izi zingaphatikizepo:

• Kodi mukuona thovu zambiri mu mkodzo wanu kuposa masiku onse?
• Kodi mukukodza pang'ono kuposa masiku onse, kapena muyenera kudzuka usiku kuti mukodze ?

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa AL amyloidosis?

Takambiranapo pang'ono za izi kale. `AL amyloidosis` imayambitsidwa ndi `maselo a plasma` omwe amapanga `antibodies`, mapuloteni otchedwa `maunyolo olemera` ndi `maunyolo owala`, pamene mapuloteni a `maunyolo owala` amapangidwa mopitirira muyeso. `Maunyolo owala` amenewa amasakanikirana, amalumikizana, ndikupanga `maunyolo a amyloid` omwe amaikidwa m'ziwalo zathu. Pamenepo ndiye mavuto amayamba.

Kodi madokotala amazindikira bwanji AL amyloidosis?

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mayeso angapo kuti adziwe matenda a AL amyloidosis. Mayeso ofunikira kwambiri ndi kutenga chitsanzo cha minofu kapena chiwalo chomwe chikuganiziridwa kuti chakhudzidwa ndi matendawa. Izi zimatchedwa biopsy. Biopsy ikhoza kugawidwa motere:

• Kufufuza za mafuta a m'mafupa : Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga chitsanzo cha mafuta a m'mafupa mkati mwa fupa.
• Kufufuza za impso : Tizidutswa tating'onoting'ono ta minofu ya impso tingatengedwe.
• Kujambula mtima : Zidutswa zingapo zazing'ono za minofu ya mtima zitha kutengedwa.
• Kufufuza mafuta m'mimba : Kachidutswa kakang'ono ka minofu yamafuta kamatengedwa m'mimba. Iyi ndi njira yosavuta yoyezera.

Mayeso ena

Dokotala wanu angachite mayeso ena kuti aone momwe ziwalo zanu zikugwira ntchito. Izi zingaphatikizepo:

• Kuyezetsa magazi : Izi zimachitika kuti ziwone momwe impso zanu, mtima, ndi chiwindi zikugwira ntchito, komanso kuti ziwone kuchuluka kwa unyolo wopepuka m'magazi anu.
• Kuyesa mkodzo : Nthawi zambiri kumeneku kumakhala mayeso otengera mkodzo kwa maola 24. Mumatenga mkodzo wanu kunyumba ndikupereka chitsanzocho kwa dokotala wanu. Kuyesaku kumafufuza ngati impso zanu zakhudzidwa ndi amyloidosis.
• Electrocardiogram (ECG): ECG imayesa ntchito yamagetsi ya mtima.
• Echocardiogram : Nthawi zina imatchedwa ultrasound ya mtima, izi zimagwiritsa ntchito mafunde amphamvu kwambiri poyesa mayendedwe a mtima.
• MRI ya Mtima (Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging) : Kuyesa kumeneku kungatenge zithunzi zomveka bwino komanso zatsatanetsatane za mtima.

Kodi AL amyloidosis imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Madokotala amachiza AL amyloidosis kuti achepetse zizindikiro zanu, athetse kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo, ndikuchepetsa kapena kuletsa kudzikundikira kwa mapuloteni a amyloid osadziwika bwino.

Madokotala amatha kuchiza AL amyloidosis pogwiritsa ntchito chemotherapy, immunotherapy, kapena steroids. Anthu ambiri amapatsidwa mankhwala amodzi kapena awiri a chemotherapy, nthawi zambiri kuphatikiza ndi steroids. Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito limodzi kuti awononge maselo a plasma omwe amapanga mapuloteni a unyolo.

Chofunika kwambiri, ngakhale kuti mankhwala amenewa amatha kuletsa kapena kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa AL amyloidosis, sangachotse ma amyloid fibrils omwe asonkhana kale m'ziwalo zanu. Chithandizo chikayamba, chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chingachotse pang'onopang'ono mapuloteni osazolowerekawa. Ofufuza akufufuzanso ma antibodies atsopano a monoclonal omwe angachotse ma fibrils awa.

Dokotala wanu adzakambirana nanunso ngati mungapindule ndi "kuika mafupa a m'mafupa" kapena "kuika maselo oyambira." Ngakhale kuti njirazi ndi zovuta kwambiri, zitha kukhala zopambana kwambiri kwa anthu ena.

Kodi chitukuko cha `AL amyloidosis` chingapewedwe?

Mwatsoka, ayi. Palibe njira yopewera AL amyloidosis kapena mtundu wina uliwonse wa amyloidosis. AL amyloidosis imachitika pamene selo limodzi la plasma limakhala losazolowereka ndikuyamba kugawikana mosalamulirika. Ichi si chinthu chomwe tingathe kuchilamulira.

Kodi mungakhale ndi moyo wautali bwanji ndi `AL amyloidosis`?

Madokotala tsopano akuthandiza anthu omwe ali ndi AL amyloidosis kukhala ndi moyo wautali. Kwa ena, AL amyloidosis ndi vuto la nthawi yayitali, kapena losatha, lomwe lingathetsedwe ndi mankhwala. Komabe, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti ili ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri ndipo lingayambitse matenda oopsa.

Popeza AL amyloidosis ndi matenda osowa, n'zovuta kwa madokotala kudziwa nthawi yeniyeni yomwe munthu amene ali ndi matendawa angakhale ndi moyo. Ngati muli ndi AL amyloidosis, funsani dokotala wanu za matenda anu mutatha kulandira chithandizo. Dokotala wanu angakupatseni chidziwitso chabwino kwambiri cha zomwe mungayembekezere.

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji ?

Ngati muli ndi AL amyloidosis, dokotala wanu adzayang'ana kwambiri kuchiza zizindikiro zanu ndikuletsa kapena kuchepetsa kupitirira kwa matendawa. Mungafunike kupitiriza kumwa mankhwala, ndipo mankhwala amenewo akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zake. Njira imodzi yomwe mungadzisamalire nokha ndikuphunzira za zotsatirapo zake za mankhwala anu komanso momwe mungawathanitsire. Nazi malingaliro ena:

• Mankhwala ena angakhudze chilakolako chanu cha chakudya.Ngati ndi choncho, funsani dokotala wanu za zakudya zabwino zomwe zingakuthandizeni kukhala olimba panthawi ya chithandizo. Kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi ndikofunikira kwambiri.
• Yesetsani kupuma mokwanira . Kupuma n'kofunika kwambiri pa thupi polimbana ndi matenda ngati awa.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yosungira maganizo anu osangalala komanso kukuthandizani kukhala ndi thupi labwino. Komabe, funsani dokotala wanu kuti akupatseni upangiri pa masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe sadzakuvutitsani kwambiri.
• Popeza AL amyloidosis ndi matenda osowa, mungamve kuti ndinu nokha komanso nokha . Ena sangamvetse matendawa. Funsani dokotala wanu za magulu othandizira kapena mapulogalamu a anthu omwe ali ndi AL amyloidosis. Kulankhula ndi anthu ngati amenewo kungakhale gwero lalikulu la mphamvu.

Pomaliza, mfundo zingapo zofunika (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

AL amyloidosis (Amyloid light chain kapena primary amyloidosis) ndi matenda osowa omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kuyika kwa mapuloteni osakhala achilendo m'ziwalo ndi minofu ya thupi lathu. Ikhoza kukhala matenda oopsa kwambiri , nthawi zina amachiritsidwa ngati matenda osatha, koma angayambitsenso matenda omwe angawopseze moyo.

Koma musadandaule, madokotala akupeza njira zatsopano zothandizira anthu omwe ali ndi AL amyloidosis kukhala ndi moyo wautali komanso wabwino. Ngati muli ndi AL amyloidosis, funsani dokotala wanu za mayesero atsopano azachipatala ndi kafukufuku wochiza matendawa. Kuzindikira msanga ndi chithandizo ndikofunikira. Ndikofunikiranso kukhala ndi chiyembekezo ndikutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu.

AL amyloidosis, amyloidosis yoyamba, maselo a plasma, mapuloteni a unyolo wopepuka, amyloid fibrils, matenda a impso, matenda a mtima