Kodi mitsempha yanu ya mtima yatsekedwa? Tiyeni tiphunzire za Angioplasty mwachidule

Ganizirani za mitsempha yomwe imanyamula magazi kupita kumtima, ubongo, ndi miyendo ngati misewu. Pakapita nthawi, misewu iyi imadzaza ndi mafuta monga cholesterol , omwe amatha kuchepetsa mitsempha yamagazi kuchokera mkati, monga kutseka msewu. Timatcha izi kuti atherosclerosis . Mitsempha ikatsekedwa motere, matenda oopsa monga kupweteka pachifuwa , matenda a mtima , ndi sitiroko zimachitika. Chifukwa chake, angioplasty ndi chithandizo chofunikira kwambiri chotseguliranso mitsempha yamagazi yotsekedwa ndikubwezeretsa kuyenda kwa magazi .

Kodi Angioplasty ndi chiyani kwenikweni?

Mwachidule, angioplasty ndi njira yomwe imaphatikizapo kulowetsa chubu chaching'ono ( catheter ) mu mtsempha wotsekeka popanda opaleshoni yayikulu, ndikulola magazi kuyenda momasuka. Izi nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo kudzaza baluni yaying'ono kumapeto kwa chubu pamalo pomwe patsekeka. Izi zimakankhira plaque (mafuta osungidwa) pakhoma la mtsempha, ndikutsegula mtsemphawo mokulira.

Iyi ndi njira yochepetsera kuvulala poyerekeza ndi maopaleshoni akuluakulu monga opaleshoni ya bypass. Chifukwa chake, zoopsa zake zimakhala zochepa ndipo nthawi yochira ndi yochepa. Thanzi la mtima wathu ndi mitsempha yamagazi ndilofunikira pa thanzi la thupi lathu lonse. Chifukwa chake, chithandizochi nthawi zambiri chimakhala chofunikira kuti tipewe mavuto akulu monga matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko.

Kodi mitundu ndi njira zochitira angioplasty ndi ziti?

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mayina osiyanasiyana pa njirayi kutengera ndi mtsempha wamagazi womwe ukuchiritsidwa. Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu:

• Kutsegula Mitsempha ya Mtima: Iyi ndi njira yochizira mitsempha ikuluikulu ya magazi yomwe imapereka magazi kumtima. Timaitcha kuti mitsempha ya mtima. Dzina lina la chithandizochi ndi `(Percutaneous Coronary Intervention – PCI)`.
• Kuchiza mitsempha ya m'mitsempha ya m'mitsempha ya m'mitsempha ya m'mitsempha: Izi zikutanthauza chithandizo cha mitsempha yomwe imanyamula magazi kuchokera pamtima kupita ku ziwalo zakutali za thupi, monga manja ndi miyendo.

Pali njira zosiyanasiyana zochizira matendawa:

• Angioplasty ya Baluni:Iyi ndiyo njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Monga tanenera kale, mtsempha umakulitsidwa potulutsa baluni yaying'ono.
• Angioplasty yokhala ndi Stenting: Nthawi zambiri, pambuyo poti mtsempha wa magazi wakulitsidwa ndi baluni, chubu chaching'ono cha mesh (chotchedwa stent ) chimayikidwa kosatha mu mtsempha kuti chikhale chotseguka. Izi zimachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha mtsempha wamagazi kucheperanso.
• Excimer Laser Angioplasty: M'malo mwa baluni, laser beam imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusungunula ndikuchotsa mafuta omwe ali mumtsempha wamagazi. Komabe, njira iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono kuposa njira ya baluni.

Kodi angioplasty imafunika liti?

Nazi zina mwa zochitika zomwe mungafunike angioplasty. Ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse mwa izi, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni chithandizochi.

Kodi mumakonzekera bwanji musanalandire chithandizo?

Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani malangizo omveka bwino a momwe mungakonzekerere izi. Nthawi zambiri, muyenera kulabadira zinthu izi:

• Mudzapemphedwa kuti musadye kapena kumwa (kusala kudya) kwa maola pafupifupi 8 musanalandire chithandizo. Palibe vuto kumwa madzi pang'ono.
• Muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu za mankhwala aliwonse omwe mukumwa, makamaka mankhwala oletsa magazi kuundana . Iye angakupempheni kuti musiye kumwa kwa masiku angapo.
• Onetsetsani kuti mwauza dokotala wanu ngati munakhalapo ndi vuto la mtundu wosiyana wa khungu kapena mankhwala oletsa ululu omwe munagwiritsa ntchito mu X-ray yapitayi.
• Muyeneranso kuwadziwitsa ngati muli ndi pakati .
• Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti simudzatha kuyendetsa galimoto tsiku lomwelo la chithandizo. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukupita kunyumba tsiku lomwelo, muyenera kukonza kuti wina akuyendetseni . Mungafunike kugona kuchipatala usiku wonse.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani panthawi ya chithandizo?

Palibe chodetsa nkhawa. Izi ndi njira zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri:

1. Mudzapatsidwa diresi la kuchipatala kuti muvale ndipo mudzagonekedwa patebulo lapadera.

2. Mudzapatsidwa mankhwala ochepetsa ululu kudzera mu IV line omwe angakupangitseni kugona pang'ono, koma mudzakhala odziwa bwino zinthu mokwanira kuti mutsatire malangizo.

3. Pa nthawi yonse ya chithandizo, makina amawunika zinthu monga kugunda kwa mtima wanu ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'thupi.

4. Malo omwe catheter imayikidwa (nthawi zambiri m'chiuno kapena mkono) amakhala opanda mphamvu ndi mankhwala oletsa ululu am'deralo . Choncho simudzamva kupweteka kulikonse. Mungamve kupweteka pang'ono.

5. Dokotala amalowetsa mtsempha wamagazi ndi singano ndikulowetsa chubu (sheath) kudzera mmenemo.

6. Kenako, waya ndi catheter zimadutsa mu chubu ichi kupita ku mtsempha wamagazi womwe mukufuna. Panthawiyi, makina a X-ray (fluoroscopy) amazungulira mozungulira inu, kuthandiza dokotala kuwona njira ya chubucho kuchokera mbali zonse.

7. Mukatseka, utoto wapadera (utoto wosiyana) umalowetsedwa kudzera mu chubu. X-ray idzawonetsa magazi akuyenda bwino kudzera mumtsempha. Panthawiyi, mungamve kutentha kapena kumva ngati mukufunika kukodza kwa masekondi angapo.Mungathe kubwera. Ndi zachilendo.

8. Akangodziwa bwino malo enieni omwe kutsekeka kwa magazi kwapezeka, waya waung'ono umadutsamo, ndipo katheta yokhala ndi chubu pamwamba imadutsamo.

9. Kenako buluniyo idzafufuma kwa masekondi angapo . Mungafunike kuchita izi kangapo.

10. Tidzatenganso X-ray kuti tiwone momwe magazi akuyendera bwino.

11. Nthawi zambiri, stent, monga tafotokozera kale, imayikidwa pamalo amenewo . Stent iyi imathandiza kuti mtsempha wamagazi ukhale wotseguka ngakhale baluni itachotsedwa.

Chithandizo chikatha, dokotalayo adzachotsa catheter, kuika bandeji pamalo olowetsera, ndikuigwira kwa kanthawi kuti magazi asiye kutuluka. Ngati catheteryo idalowetsedwa kudzera m'mimba, muyenera kugona pabedi kwa maola angapo.

Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse ndi chithandizochi?

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi njira ina iliyonse yachipatala, angioplasty ili ndi zoopsa zina. Komabe, mavuto akuluakulu ndi osowa . Ndibwino kwambiri kuchita izi pamalo ochitira opaleshoni okhala ndi madokotala odziwa bwino ntchito omwe amachita izi pafupipafupi.

Zoopsa zomwe zingachitike:

• Kutuluka magazi, kupweteka, kapena matenda pamalo oikira catheter.
• Kutupa kwa utoto kapena mankhwala oletsa ululu omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito.
• Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi kapena impso.
• Kupanga magazi kuundana.
• Kugunda kwa mtima kosazolowereka (arrhythmia).
• Ngati stent siyikidwa, mtsempha umatsekekanso.
• Kawirikawiri, matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko angachitike.

Anthu opitirira zaka 65, omwe ali ndi matenda a impso, kapena omwe ali ndi mitsempha yambiri yamagazi yotsekeka akhoza kukhala ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza mavuto.

Nthawi yochira komanso nthawi yoti mukaonane ndi dokotala

Muyenera kukhala m'chipatala kwa maola angapo kapena usiku wonse mutalandira chithandizo. Mungamve kutopa pang'ono mukapita kunyumba. Pumulani mokwanira ndikumwa madzi ambiri . Dokotala wanu adzakulangizani kuti mupewe kuchita zinthu zolimbitsa thupi kwa masiku angapo. Chilonda chomwe catheter idayikidwapo chingakhale chovulala pang'ono komanso chofewa kwa pafupifupi sabata imodzi.

Muyenera kubwerera kuntchito ndikuyendetsa galimoto pakatha pafupifupi sabata imodzi. Komabe, izi zitha kusiyana kutengera mtundu wa chithandizo chomwe mwalandira. Funsani dokotala wanu za zimenezo.

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, imbani dokotala nthawi yomweyo:

• Ngati malo oikamo catheter akutuluka magazi kapena akuoneka kuti ali ndi kachilombo (kofiira, kotupa, kodzaza mafinya).
• Ngati mtundu wa mwendowo usintha .
• Ngati mukumva kupweteka kwambiri kapena kutentha m'dera limenelo.
• Ngati mukumva kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kupuma movutikira, pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Padzidzidzi (ETU) ya chipatala nthawi yomweyo.

Angioplasty, matenda a mtima, stent, kutsekeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi, kupweteka pachifuwa, matenda a mtima, cholesterol