Zomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza katemera waposachedwa woletsa cholesterol (PCSK9 Inhibitors)

Kodi inunso mukuvutika ndi cholesterol ? Mwina mukumwa mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani, kuwongolera zakudya zanu , komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Koma zimakhala zovutabe kuchepetsa cholesterol yanu, sichoncho? Nthawi zina, ngakhale mutayesetsa bwanji, cholesterol yoipa m'thupi lanu ikhoza kukhalabe yokwera. Munkhaniyi, tikambirana za mtundu watsopano wa mankhwala omwe angathandize anthu otere.

Mwachidule, kodi ma PCSK9 Inhibitors amenewa ndi chiyani?

Izi zingamveke ngati dzina lovuta, koma limagwira ntchito mosavuta. Mankhwala oletsa PCSK9 ndi gulu la mankhwala omwe amachepetsa cholesterol. Makamaka, amalimbana ndi cholesterol ya LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) , yomwe ndi "cholesterol yoyipa" yomwe imavulaza matupi athu. Anthu ena amakhala ndi cholesterol yambiri m'miyoyo yawo yonse. Kwa anthu amenewo, mankhwalawa angathandize kwambiri.

Chabwino, tsopano tiyeni tiwone tanthauzo la dzina lakuti `PCSK9`. `PCSK9` ndi mtundu wapadera wa puloteni wopangidwa ndi chiwindi chathu. Dzina la puloteni iyi ndi `proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9`. Chomwe imachita ndikulamulira zinthu zotchedwa `LDL receptors` m'thupi lathu. Kafukufuku wazachipatala wapeza kuti ngati thupi la munthu limapanga puloteni yambiri ya `PCSK9` mwachibadwa, munthuyo amakhala ndi cholesterol yambiri .

Ndani akufunikira mankhwala awa?

Funso ili ndi lofunika kwambiri. Chifukwa mankhwalawa saperekedwa kwa aliyense amene ali ndi cholesterol yambiri. Nthawi zambiri pali zinthu ziwiri zazikulu zomwe dokotala wanu angakupatseni mankhwala a `PCSK9 inhibitor` awa:

1. Ngati cholesterol siikulamulidwa ndi mankhwala ena: Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito kale mankhwala ena ochepetsa cholesterol, monga `(statins)` koma kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yanu kukadali kokwera, mutha kuganizira mankhwalawa ngati gawo lotsatira.

2. Mu matenda ena a majini: Anthu ena ali ndi vuto lobadwa nalo lobadwa nalo la cholesterol yambiri. Izi zimatchedwa ``familial hypercholesterolemia`` mu sayansi ya zamankhwala.Mankhwalawa ndi othandiza kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli.

Kodi mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito bwanji m'thupi?

Kuti timvetse izi, tiyeni titenge chitsanzo chaching'ono.

Tangoganizani kuti thupi lanu lili ndi "manja ogwira cholesterol." Timatcha awa "ma LDL receptors." "Ma receptor" awa amapezeka kwambiri pamwamba pa maselo athu a chiwindi. "Manja" awa amagwira cholesterol yoyipa yomwe imayandama m'magazi (LDL cholesterol) ndikuyiyika m'chiwindi. Kenako chiwindi chimaswa cholesterol imeneyo ndikuyichotsa m'thupi. Iyi ndi njira yachibadwa.

Koma pali kachirombo kakang'ono apa. Umenewo ndi puloteni ya `(PCSK9)` yomwe tidakambirana kale. Puloteni ya `PCSK9` iyi imagwira ntchito ngati `lumo`. Chomwe imachita ndikuwononga manja omwe amagwira cholesterol, kutanthauza `LDL receptors`, ndikuchepetsa ntchito yawo. Puloteni ya `PCSK9` ikachuluka m'thupi, chiwerengero cha `manja` omwe amagwira cholesterol chimachepa. Kenako cholesterol yoyipa m'magazi sichingachotsedwe ndi chiwindi ndipo imasonkhana m'magazi.

Tsopano mwina mukumvetsa zomwe mankhwala a `PCSK9 inhibitor` amachita. Kunena zoona, mankhwalawa amaletsa puloteni ya `PCSK9` yomwe imagwira ntchito ngati lumo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, mankhwalawa akamwedwa, puloteni ya `PCSK9` singawononge manja omwe amalanda cholesterol (LDL receptors).

Kodi chimachitika n’chiyani kenako?

• Pali ma LDL receptors omwe amagwira ntchito kwambiri.
• 'Manja' ogwira ntchito amenewa amagwira cholesterol yoipa yambiri m'magazi ndikuipereka ku chiwindi.
• Chiwindi chimachotsa cholesterol m'thupi.

Zotsatira zake ndi kuchepa kwakukulu kwa cholesterol yoyipa m'magazi mwanu.

Kodi mankhwalawa ndi othandiza bwanji? Ndipo ndi mitundu iti ya mankhwalawa?

Mankhwala oletsa PCSK9 ndi gulu la mankhwala omwe awonetsedwa kuti ndi othandiza kwambiri kwa anthu ena. Kafukufuku wina wapeza kuti mankhwalawa amatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yoyipa (LDL cholesterol) ndi 70% komanso amathanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima ndi pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya `PCSK9 inhibitors` yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Sri Lanka ndi padziko lonse lapansi:

• `Alirocumab` (dzina la kampani: Praluent®)
• `Evolocumab` (dzina la kampani: Repatha®)

Kodi mumamwa bwanji mankhwalawo?

Iyi si piritsi loti munthu amwe tsiku lililonse. `PCSK9 inhibitors` amaperekedwa ngati jakisoni.Nthawi zambiri mufunika kulandira katemerayu milungu ingapo kapena miyezi ingapo iliyonse, monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera.

Dokotala wanu akamamwa mankhwalawa, nthawi zonse amayesa magazi kuti awone ngati mankhwalawo akugwira ntchito bwino. Nthawi zina mankhwalawa angapatsidwe okha, ndipo nthawi zina angapatsidwe pamodzi ndi mankhwala omwe mukumwa kale, monga statin.

Kodi ubwino wake ndi zotsatira zake zingakhale zotani?

Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, mankhwalawa akhoza kukhala ndi ubwino komanso zotsatirapo zazing'ono. Komabe, anthu ambiri sakumana ndi zotsatirapo zoopsa.

Kodi mankhwala okha ndi okwanira? Ayi, ichi ndi gawo la dongosolo lalikulu.

Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Kaya mutenga mankhwala oletsa PCSK9 kapena mankhwala ena ochepetsa cholesterol, ndi gawo limodzi lokha la dongosolo lanu lonse la chithandizo. Pali zinthu zina zambiri zomwe mungachite kuti muteteze thanzi la mtima wanu, popanda kudalira mankhwala okha.

• Zakudya zabwino: Idyani mafuta ochepa, shuga, ndi mchere, komanso idyani ndiwo zamasamba zambiri, zipatso, masamba obiriwira, ndi zakudya zokhala ndi ulusi wambiri.
• Maseŵero Olimbitsa Thupi: Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi olimbitsa mtima, monga kuyenda mwachangu, kuthamanga, kapena kukwera njinga, masiku angapo pa sabata.
• Kuthetsa kupsinjika maganizo: Kupumula maganizo anu kudzera mu zinthu monga kusinkhasinkha ndi yoga.
• Gona bwino: Gona maola osachepera 7-8 usiku uliwonse.
• Pewani kusuta: Ngati mukusuta, siyani kusuta konse.

Mudzapeza zotsatira zabwino kwambiri mukaphatikiza kusintha kwa moyo wanu ndi mankhwala.

Zoletsa za PCSK9, cholesterol, cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, matenda a mtima, sitiroko, hypercholesterolemia ya m'banja, statin, Alirocumab, Evolocumab