Matenda ndi ZikhalidweMay 31, 2025🔄 Updated: Jul 15, 2026⏱ 9 min

Kodi pali kusintha pang'ono kwa kayendedwe ka magazi mumtima mwanu? Tiyeni tikambirane za (Cardiac Shunt)!

Creator: Dr. Priya Sammani
Published: 2025-05-31T15:13:26.000Z

Dr. Priya Sammani, MBBS, PG Dip. FMMedical Verification

Mtima wathu ndi chiwalo chodabwitsa, sichoncho? Koma nthawi zina pangakhale kusintha pang'ono kapena kusokonezeka kwa momwe magazi amayendera mumtima. Lero tikambirana za vuto lotere, kutanthauza `(Cardiac Shunt)` . Ichi chingakhale chinthu chomwe chimabadwa mwa anthu ena, kutanthauza `(Congenital Heart Defect)` . Anthu ena sangakhale ndi zizindikiro zilizonse, koma kwa ena, izi zitha kukhala zoopsa kwambiri.

Tiyeni tione kaye momwe magazi amayendera mumtima?

Mwachidule, mtima wathu uli ngati nyumba yokhala ndi zipinda zinayi. Mbali yakumanja ya izi ndi komwe magazi omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito ndi thupi lonse, omwe ataya mpweya, amasonkhana. Kenako mtima umatumiza magazi awa ku mapapo. Taganizirani ngati kuwatumiza ku siteshoni ya mafuta. M'mapapo momwe mpweya watsopano umawonjezeredwa ku magazi awa, monga momwe kuyika mafuta m'galimoto kumachitira. Nthawi yomweyo, mpweya wa carbon dioxide m'magazi umachotsedwa . Tsopano magazi oyera komanso odzaza ndi mpweya amabwerera kumanzere kwa mtima. Kuchokera pamenepo, mtima umagawa magazi awa ku thupi lonse. Izi zimathandizidwa ndi mtsempha waukulu wamagazi wotchedwa `(Aorta)` . Umu ndi momwe magazi nthawi zambiri amayendera:

Magazi omwe alibe mpweya wabwino amayenda mbali yakumanja ya mtima.
Mtima umapompa magazi amenewo kupita ku mapapo.
Mapapu amadzaza magazi ndi mpweya ndipo amachotsa mpweya wa carbon dioxide.
Magazi okhala ndi mpweya wochuluka amachokera m'mapapo kupita kumanzere kwa mtima.
Mtima umapopa magazi awa m'thupi lonse.

Tsopano, `(Cardiac Shunt)` imatanthauza kuti pali vuto linalake m'njira yomwe magazi amayendera. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, magazi samayenda kuchokera pamalo ena kupita kwina (mtsempha wamagazi kapena chipinda chamtima) mwanjira yachibadwa, koma kudzera m'njira ina. Chifukwa cha izi, magazi okhala ndi mpweya amatha kubwerera m'mapapo, kapena magazi okhala ndi mpweya amatha kupita mwachindunji m'thupi popanda kupita m'mapapo. Kodi mukumvetsa?

Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya Cardiac Shunt ndi iti?

Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya `(Cardiac Shunt)`, yomwe imasiyanitsidwa malinga ndi momwe magazi akuyendera: 1. Shunt yochokera kumanzere kupita kumanja (shunt yochokera kumanzere kupita kumanja / Acyanotic): Mu izi, magazi omwe alandira kale mpweya, ndiko kuti, magazi omwe ayenera kupita ku thupi kuchokera kumbali yakumanzere ya mtima, amatuluka kudzera mbali yakumanja kupita ku mapapo. Mu izi , nthawi zambiri sipamakhala kuchepa kwa mpweya (buluu) kumayambiriro. Zitsanzo zina ndi izi:

Atrial Septal Defect (ASD): Bowo pakati pa zipinda ziwiri zapamwamba (atria) za mtima.
Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD): Bowo pakati pa zipinda ziwiri zapansi za mtima.
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA): Mtsempha wamagazi womwe ulipo m'mimba ndipo uyenera kutsekedwa mwana akangobadwa, umakhalabe wotseguka.
Chilema cha Septal cha Atrioventricular: Chilema chovuta chomwe chili m'makoma pakati pa atria ndi ventricles.
`(Kubwerera kwa Mitsempha Yonse/Pang'ono ya M'mapapo - TAPVR/PAPVR)`:Kulumikizana kolakwika kwa mtsempha wamagazi (mtsempha wa m'mapapo) komwe kumabweretsa mpweya wochokera m'mapapo kupita kumtima.

2. Kusuntha kuchokera kumanja kupita kumanzere (Cyanotic): Apa ndi pamene magazi opanda mpweya kuchokera m'thupi sapita ku mapapo kukatenga mpweya, koma m'malo mwake amapita molunjika kumbali yakumanzere ya mtima ndikuyenda m'thupi lonse. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mpweya m'magazi uchepe, ndipo khungu likhoza kuoneka labuluu . Izi zimatchedwa `(Cyanosis)` . Zitsanzo zina:

Tetralogy of Fallot: Ichi ndi kuphatikiza kwa zilema zinayi za mtima.
Kusintha kwa Mitsempha Yaikulu: Malo a mitsempha ikuluikulu iwiri yamagazi yomwe imanyamula magazi kuchokera pamtima kupita ku thupi ndi mapapo ndi osiyana.
Kutsekeka kwa Mapapo: Valavu yomwe imanyamula magazi kupita ku mapapo (valavu ya mapapo) siipangidwa bwino.
Eisenmenger Syndrome: Shunt yomwe poyamba inkachokera kumanzere kupita kumanja pamapeto pake imatembenuka kuchokera kumanja kupita kumanzere.
Matenda a Mtima Wakumanzere Osapitirira Muyeso ( HLHS ): Mbali yakumanzere ya mtima siimakula bwino.
`(Chotulutsira Kawiri Cholowera Kumanja)`
`(Kusokonekera kwa Mitsempha ya M'mapapo)`
`(Truncus Arteriosus)`

Kuphatikiza apo, pali vuto lotchedwa circular shunt . Ili ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri, lomwe limayambitsa imfa . Pankhaniyi, magazi amayendayenda mkati mwa mtima, koma magazi ochepa sapita m'thupi. Izi nthawi zambiri zimawoneka m'matenda oopsa otchedwa `(Ebstein's Anomaly - EA)` .

Kodi matenda amenewa (Cardiac Shunt) ndi ofala bwanji?

Ndipotu, `(Cardiac Shunt)` iyi ndiyo mtundu wofala kwambiri wa vuto la mtima wobadwa nalo . Pa avareji , pafupifupi mwana m'modzi mwa ana 100 aliwonse akhoza kukhala ndi vuto la mtima wobadwa nalo.

Kodi zifukwa za (Cardiac Shunt) ndi ziti?

Nthawi zina izi zimatha kuchitika chifukwa cha gawo la majini . Izi zikutanthauza kuti, zimatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini enaake (`(Mutation)`). Mwachitsanzo, pafupifupi theka la anthu omwe ali ndi `(Down Syndrome)` ali ndi mtundu wina wa `(Cardiac Shunt)`. Komanso, zinthu zina zomwe zimakhudza mayi panthawi yapakati zimatha kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha mwana kukhala ndi `(Cardiac Shunt)`.

Mayi ali ndi matenda a shuga otchedwa "Gestational Diabetes " ( matenda a shuga panthawi ya mimba).
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mankhwala ochepetsa ululu otchedwa " Ibuprofen " kapena "Vitamini A".
Fuluwenza (fuluwenza) .
Kugwiritsa ntchito chamba .
Rubella (Chikuku cha ku Germany)

Tangoganizani, ngati mayi akumana ndi vuto ngati limeneli panthawi ya mimba, likhoza kusokoneza pang'ono kukula kwa mtima wa mwana. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kusamala kwambiri panthawi ya mimba.

Kodi zizindikiro za Cardiac Shunt ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro zimatha kusiyana kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri ma shunt ochokera kumanzere kupita kumanja sapezeka mpaka unyamata kapena ukalamba . Ngati zizindikirozo zichitika, zitha kuphatikizapo:
Kuvuta kupuma (Dyspnea) .
Kumva kutopa msanga, kusatha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Pakapita nthawi, shunt iyi yochokera kumanzere kupita kumanja ingayambitse kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapo (kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mitsempha yamagazi ya m'mapapo). Mu shunt yochokera kumanja kupita kumanzere , zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimayamba ali aang'ono .
Chizindikiro chachikulu ndi mtundu wa buluu wa khungu la mwana (cyanosis) .
Zala za mapazi kapena zala zokhala ndi zigongono .
Kutsokomola magazi (Hemoptysis) .
Mwanayo sakulemera bwino .
Kuvuta kupuma (Dyspnea) .
Matenda opatsirana pafupipafupi.
Tangoganizirani momwe zingakhalire zoopsa kwa mayi kapena bambo kuona mwana wakhanda akusanduka buluu. Chofunika kwambiri m'nthawi ngati izi ndikuwonana ndi dokotala mwachangu momwe zingathere.
Kodi mumadziwa bwanji ngati muli ndi (Cardiac Shunt)?
Ngati dokotala akukayikira kuti shunt ya mtima imayamba, angachite mayeso angapo, monga:
Kuyezetsa magazi : Yang'anani kusintha kwa maselo ofiira a magazi.
Mayeso ojambulira: Tengani X-ray ya pachifuwa kapena CT scan kuti muwone kusintha kwa mawonekedwe a mtima.
Echocardiogram: Izi zili ngati ultrasound scan ya mtima. Imatha kuwona kapangidwe ka mtima , momwe umagwirira ntchito, momwe umayendera, komanso ngati pali mabowo. Iyi nthawi zambiri ndiyo mayeso ofunikira kwambiri.
Electrocardiogram - EKG: Kuyang'ana momwe magetsi a mtima amagwirira ntchito ndikupeza matenda monga Pulmonary Hypertension.
Kuyeza kwa Catheterization ya Mtima: Kuyeza kumeneku kumayesa kuthamanga kwa magazi mkati mwa chipinda chilichonse cha mtima. Kungagwiritsidwe ntchito posankha ngati opaleshoni ikufunika kapena kuthandiza kudziwa ngati opaleshoni ikuvomerezedwa kale.
Kodi Cardiac Shunt imachiritsidwa bwanji?
Chithandizo chimadalira zizindikiro ndi kuopsa kwa vutoli. Ma shunt ena ang'onoang'ono amatha kudzichiritsa okha popanda chithandizo chilichonse. Pa ma shunt akuluakulu, madokotala angachite opaleshoni kuti akonze njira yotuluka magazi . Ma opaleshoni ena odziwika bwino ndi awa:
`(Njira ya Norwood)`: Iyi ndi opaleshoni yotsegula mtima yomwe nthawi zambiri imachitidwa pa makanda obadwa kumene. Apa, madokotala opanga opaleshoni amapanga `(Aorta)` yayikulu ndikusintha njira yoyendera magazi. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, ventricle yakumanja imatha kugwira ntchito yake yopopera magazi kupita ku thupi.
`(Njira ya Glenn)`: Dokotala wa opaleshoni amasintha njira yoyendera magazi ndikuwongolera magazi kuchokera m'thupi kupita m'mapapo mwachindunji.
`(Njira ya Fontan)`: Mu njira iyi, kayendedwe ka magazi kamasinthasinthanso ndipo magazi omwe alibe mpweya wabwino amatumizidwa mwachindunji ku mapapo. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, magazi omwe ali ndi mpweya wabwino amapita mwachindunji ku chipinda chimodzi cha mtima. Izi zimaletsa kusakanikirana kwa magazi omwe alibe mpweya wabwino ndi omwe ali ndi mpweya wabwino m'zipinda za mtima.
Kumva za opaleshoni imeneyi kungakhale koopsa, koma kwapulumutsa miyoyo ya makanda ambiri.
Kodi Cardiac Shunt ingapewedwe?
Palibe njira yotsimikizika 100% yopewera kugunda kwa mtima. Komabe, ngati muli ndi pakati, mutha kutsatira zizolowezi zabwino kuti muwonjezere mwayi wanu wokhala ndi mwana wathanzi:
Pewani zinthu zoopsa: Pewani mowa, fodya, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndi kumwa caffeine wambiri.
Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi: Pewani zakudya zomwe zingawonjezere chiopsezo cha matenda, monga nyama yosaphikidwa bwino, mitundu ina ya tchizi, ndi zinthu zina za nyama zomwe sizinaphikidwe.
Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse .
Pezani katemera wonse monga momwe dokotala wanu akulangizirani, kuphatikizapo jakisoni wa chimfine.
Mugone maola osachepera asanu ndi awiri mpaka asanu ndi atatu usiku uliwonse. Yesetsani kugona cha kumanzere kuti magazi aziyenda bwino.
Imwani mavitamini a mimba ndi zakudya zina zowonjezera monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera.
Kodi chiyembekezo cha munthu amene ali ndi matenda a mtima (Cardiac Shunt) ndi chotani?
Izi zimasiyananso kwambiri kutengera mtundu ndi kuopsa kwa `(Cardiac Shunt)`. `Yaikulu kapena yoopsa `(Cardiac Shunt)` imafuna chithandizo kuti ipewe mavuto. Mitundu ina ingafunike chithandizo cha opaleshoni mkati mwa milungu ingapo kuchokera pamene mwana wabadwa . Ngati muli ndi `(Pulmonary Hypertension)` yoopsa, mungafunike opaleshoni ya mtima kapena kukhala ndi mavuto. Nthawi zambiri, shunt zomwe sizimakhudza kwambiri kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'magazi sizimayambitsa mavuto aakulu. Sizingakhale ndi zizindikiro zilizonse kapena zimafuna chithandizo chilichonse.
Kodi mukufuna kufunsa dokotala wanu chiyani china?
Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu ali ndi vuto la "Cardiac Shunt", ndi bwino kufunsa dokotala wanu za izi:
Kodi mwana wanga/mwana wanga ali ndi mtundu wanji wa `(Cardiac Shunt)`?
Ndi mayeso ati omwe ine/mwana wanga amafunika kuti ndichite kuti ndipeze izi?
Kodi pali njira zotani zochiritsira?
Kodi ndingachite chiyani kuti ndichepetse chiopsezo cha mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha `(Cardiac Shunt)` iyi?
Kodi pali mwayi wotani woti mwana wanga wotsatira adzakhale ndi ``Cardiac Shunt''?
Kodi tingayembekezere chiyani mtsogolo?
Pomaliza, uthenga wopita nawo kunyumba:
Kuthamanga kwa mtima (cardiac shunt) ndi vuto lachilendo pa momwe magazi amayendera mumtima mwanu. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa cha majini, koma zina zimagwirizananso ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhudza mimba yanu. Zizindikiro za shunt zimasiyana kwambiri. Mitundu ina ya shunt imakhala ndi zizindikiro zochepa kapena sizili ndi zizindikiro. Zina zimakhala zoopsa ndipo zimatha kupha ngati sizikuthandizidwa. Ngati kuthamanga kwa mtima kuli koopsa, dokotala wanu angachite opaleshoni kuti apange njira yatsopano yoyendera magazi.
Kumbukirani, ngati inu kapena mwana wanu muli ndi zizindikiro izi, ndikofunikira kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala popanda kuda nkhawa. Kuzindikira matendawa msanga komanso kulandira chithandizo choyenera kungapangitse zotsatira zabwino kwambiri.
` Kutsekeka kwa mtima, shunt ya mtima, matenda a mtima obadwa nawo, kuyenda kwa magazi, zizindikiro za matenda a mtima, matenda a mtima a ana, opaleshoni ya mtima

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

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Matenda ndi ZikhalidweMay 31, 2025
Kodi pali kusintha pang'ono kwa kayendedwe ka magazi mumtima mwanu? Tiyeni tikambirane za (Cardiac Shunt)!
Dr. Priya SammaniMedical Verification
⏱ 9 min read
📋Table of Contents
1. Tiyeni tione kaye momwe magazi amayendera mumtima?
2. Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya Cardiac Shunt ndi iti?
3. Kodi matenda amenewa (Cardiac Shunt) ndi ofala bwanji?
4. Kodi zifukwa za (Cardiac Shunt) ndi ziti?
5. Kodi zizindikiro za Cardiac Shunt ndi ziti?
6. Kodi mumadziwa bwanji ngati muli ndi (Cardiac Shunt)?
7. Kodi Cardiac Shunt imachiritsidwa bwanji?
8. Kodi Cardiac Shunt ingapewedwe?
9. Kodi chiyembekezo cha munthu amene ali ndi matenda a mtima (Cardiac Shunt) ndi chotani?
10. Kodi mukufuna kufunsa dokotala wanu chiyani china?
11. Pomaliza, uthenga wopita nawo kunyumba:
Mtima wathu ndi chiwalo chodabwitsa, sichoncho? Koma nthawi zina pangakhale kusintha pang'ono kapena kusokonezeka kwa momwe magazi amayendera mumtima. Lero tikambirana za vuto lotere, kutanthauza `(Cardiac Shunt)` . Ichi chingakhale chinthu chomwe chimabadwa mwa anthu ena, kutanthauza `(Congenital Heart Defect)` . Anthu ena sangakhale ndi zizindikiro zilizonse, koma kwa ena, izi zitha kukhala zoopsa kwambiri.
Tiyeni tione kaye momwe magazi amayendera mumtima?
Mwachidule, mtima wathu uli ngati nyumba yokhala ndi zipinda zinayi. Mbali yakumanja ya izi ndi komwe magazi omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito ndi thupi lonse, omwe ataya mpweya, amasonkhana. Kenako mtima umatumiza magazi awa ku mapapo. Taganizirani ngati kuwatumiza ku siteshoni ya mafuta. M'mapapo momwe mpweya watsopano umawonjezeredwa ku magazi awa, monga momwe kuyika mafuta m'galimoto kumachitira. Nthawi yomweyo, mpweya wa carbon dioxide m'magazi umachotsedwa . Tsopano magazi oyera komanso odzaza ndi mpweya amabwerera kumanzere kwa mtima. Kuchokera pamenepo, mtima umagawa magazi awa ku thupi lonse. Izi zimathandizidwa ndi mtsempha waukulu wamagazi wotchedwa `(Aorta)` . Umu ndi momwe magazi nthawi zambiri amayendera:
Magazi omwe alibe mpweya wabwino amayenda mbali yakumanja ya mtima.
Mtima umapompa magazi amenewo kupita ku mapapo.
Mapapu amadzaza magazi ndi mpweya ndipo amachotsa mpweya wa carbon dioxide.
Magazi okhala ndi mpweya wochuluka amachokera m'mapapo kupita kumanzere kwa mtima.
Mtima umapopa magazi awa m'thupi lonse.
Tsopano, `(Cardiac Shunt)` imatanthauza kuti pali vuto linalake m'njira yomwe magazi amayendera. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, magazi samayenda kuchokera pamalo ena kupita kwina (mtsempha wamagazi kapena chipinda chamtima) mwanjira yachibadwa, koma kudzera m'njira ina. Chifukwa cha izi, magazi okhala ndi mpweya amatha kubwerera m'mapapo, kapena magazi okhala ndi mpweya amatha kupita mwachindunji m'thupi popanda kupita m'mapapo. Kodi mukumvetsa?
Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya Cardiac Shunt ndi iti?
Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya `(Cardiac Shunt)`, yomwe imasiyanitsidwa malinga ndi momwe magazi akuyendera: 1. Shunt yochokera kumanzere kupita kumanja (shunt yochokera kumanzere kupita kumanja / Acyanotic): Mu izi, magazi omwe alandira kale mpweya, ndiko kuti, magazi omwe ayenera kupita ku thupi kuchokera kumbali yakumanzere ya mtima, amatuluka kudzera mbali yakumanja kupita ku mapapo. Mu izi , nthawi zambiri sipamakhala kuchepa kwa mpweya (buluu) kumayambiriro. Zitsanzo zina ndi izi:
Atrial Septal Defect (ASD): Bowo pakati pa zipinda ziwiri zapamwamba (atria) za mtima.
Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD): Bowo pakati pa zipinda ziwiri zapansi za mtima.
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA): Mtsempha wamagazi womwe ulipo m'mimba ndipo uyenera kutsekedwa mwana akangobadwa, umakhalabe wotseguka.
Chilema cha Septal cha Atrioventricular: Chilema chovuta chomwe chili m'makoma pakati pa atria ndi ventricles.
`(Kubwerera kwa Mitsempha Yonse/Pang'ono ya M'mapapo - TAPVR/PAPVR)`:Kulumikizana kolakwika kwa mtsempha wamagazi (mtsempha wa m'mapapo) komwe kumabweretsa mpweya wochokera m'mapapo kupita kumtima.
2. Kusuntha kuchokera kumanja kupita kumanzere (Cyanotic): Apa ndi pamene magazi opanda mpweya kuchokera m'thupi sapita ku mapapo kukatenga mpweya, koma m'malo mwake amapita molunjika kumbali yakumanzere ya mtima ndikuyenda m'thupi lonse. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mpweya m'magazi uchepe, ndipo khungu likhoza kuoneka labuluu . Izi zimatchedwa `(Cyanosis)` . Zitsanzo zina:
Tetralogy of Fallot: Ichi ndi kuphatikiza kwa zilema zinayi za mtima.
Kusintha kwa Mitsempha Yaikulu: Malo a mitsempha ikuluikulu iwiri yamagazi yomwe imanyamula magazi kuchokera pamtima kupita ku thupi ndi mapapo ndi osiyana.
Kutsekeka kwa Mapapo: Valavu yomwe imanyamula magazi kupita ku mapapo (valavu ya mapapo) siipangidwa bwino.
Eisenmenger Syndrome: Shunt yomwe poyamba inkachokera kumanzere kupita kumanja pamapeto pake imatembenuka kuchokera kumanja kupita kumanzere.
Matenda a Mtima Wakumanzere Osapitirira Muyeso ( HLHS ): Mbali yakumanzere ya mtima siimakula bwino.
`(Chotulutsira Kawiri Cholowera Kumanja)`
`(Kusokonekera kwa Mitsempha ya M'mapapo)`
`(Truncus Arteriosus)`
Kuphatikiza apo, pali vuto lotchedwa circular shunt . Ili ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri, lomwe limayambitsa imfa . Pankhaniyi, magazi amayendayenda mkati mwa mtima, koma magazi ochepa sapita m'thupi. Izi nthawi zambiri zimawoneka m'matenda oopsa otchedwa `(Ebstein's Anomaly - EA)` .
Kodi matenda amenewa (Cardiac Shunt) ndi ofala bwanji?
Ndipotu, `(Cardiac Shunt)` iyi ndiyo mtundu wofala kwambiri wa vuto la mtima wobadwa nalo . Pa avareji , pafupifupi mwana m'modzi mwa ana 100 aliwonse akhoza kukhala ndi vuto la mtima wobadwa nalo.
Kodi zifukwa za (Cardiac Shunt) ndi ziti?
Nthawi zina izi zimatha kuchitika chifukwa cha gawo la majini . Izi zikutanthauza kuti, zimatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini enaake (`(Mutation)`). Mwachitsanzo, pafupifupi theka la anthu omwe ali ndi `(Down Syndrome)` ali ndi mtundu wina wa `(Cardiac Shunt)`. Komanso, zinthu zina zomwe zimakhudza mayi panthawi yapakati zimatha kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha mwana kukhala ndi `(Cardiac Shunt)`.
Mayi ali ndi matenda a shuga otchedwa "Gestational Diabetes " ( matenda a shuga panthawi ya mimba).
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mankhwala ochepetsa ululu otchedwa " Ibuprofen " kapena "Vitamini A".
Fuluwenza (fuluwenza) .
Kugwiritsa ntchito chamba .
Rubella (Chikuku cha ku Germany)
Tangoganizani, ngati mayi akumana ndi vuto ngati limeneli panthawi ya mimba, likhoza kusokoneza pang'ono kukula kwa mtima wa mwana. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kusamala kwambiri panthawi ya mimba.
Kodi zizindikiro za Cardiac Shunt ndi ziti?
Zizindikiro zimatha kusiyana kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri ma shunt ochokera kumanzere kupita kumanja sapezeka mpaka unyamata kapena ukalamba . Ngati zizindikirozo zichitika, zitha kuphatikizapo:
Kuvuta kupuma (Dyspnea) .
Kumva kutopa msanga, kusatha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Pakapita nthawi, shunt iyi yochokera kumanzere kupita kumanja ingayambitse kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapo (kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mitsempha yamagazi ya m'mapapo). Mu shunt yochokera kumanja kupita kumanzere , zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimayamba ali aang'ono .
Chizindikiro chachikulu ndi mtundu wa buluu wa khungu la mwana (cyanosis) .
Zala za mapazi kapena zala zokhala ndi zigongono .
Kutsokomola magazi (Hemoptysis) .
Mwanayo sakulemera bwino .
Kuvuta kupuma (Dyspnea) .
Matenda opatsirana pafupipafupi.
Tangoganizirani momwe zingakhalire zoopsa kwa mayi kapena bambo kuona mwana wakhanda akusanduka buluu. Chofunika kwambiri m'nthawi ngati izi ndikuwonana ndi dokotala mwachangu momwe zingathere.
Kodi mumadziwa bwanji ngati muli ndi (Cardiac Shunt)?
Ngati dokotala akukayikira kuti shunt ya mtima imayamba, angachite mayeso angapo, monga:
Kuyezetsa magazi : Yang'anani kusintha kwa maselo ofiira a magazi.
Mayeso ojambulira: Tengani X-ray ya pachifuwa kapena CT scan kuti muwone kusintha kwa mawonekedwe a mtima.
Echocardiogram: Izi zili ngati ultrasound scan ya mtima. Imatha kuwona kapangidwe ka mtima , momwe umagwirira ntchito, momwe umayendera, komanso ngati pali mabowo. Iyi nthawi zambiri ndiyo mayeso ofunikira kwambiri.
Electrocardiogram - EKG: Kuyang'ana momwe magetsi a mtima amagwirira ntchito ndikupeza matenda monga Pulmonary Hypertension.
Kuyeza kwa Catheterization ya Mtima: Kuyeza kumeneku kumayesa kuthamanga kwa magazi mkati mwa chipinda chilichonse cha mtima. Kungagwiritsidwe ntchito posankha ngati opaleshoni ikufunika kapena kuthandiza kudziwa ngati opaleshoni ikuvomerezedwa kale.
Kodi Cardiac Shunt imachiritsidwa bwanji?
Chithandizo chimadalira zizindikiro ndi kuopsa kwa vutoli. Ma shunt ena ang'onoang'ono amatha kudzichiritsa okha popanda chithandizo chilichonse. Pa ma shunt akuluakulu, madokotala angachite opaleshoni kuti akonze njira yotuluka magazi . Ma opaleshoni ena odziwika bwino ndi awa:
`(Njira ya Norwood)`: Iyi ndi opaleshoni yotsegula mtima yomwe nthawi zambiri imachitidwa pa makanda obadwa kumene. Apa, madokotala opanga opaleshoni amapanga `(Aorta)` yayikulu ndikusintha njira yoyendera magazi. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, ventricle yakumanja imatha kugwira ntchito yake yopopera magazi kupita ku thupi.
`(Njira ya Glenn)`: Dokotala wa opaleshoni amasintha njira yoyendera magazi ndikuwongolera magazi kuchokera m'thupi kupita m'mapapo mwachindunji.
`(Njira ya Fontan)`: Mu njira iyi, kayendedwe ka magazi kamasinthasinthanso ndipo magazi omwe alibe mpweya wabwino amatumizidwa mwachindunji ku mapapo. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, magazi omwe ali ndi mpweya wabwino amapita mwachindunji ku chipinda chimodzi cha mtima. Izi zimaletsa kusakanikirana kwa magazi omwe alibe mpweya wabwino ndi omwe ali ndi mpweya wabwino m'zipinda za mtima.
Kumva za opaleshoni imeneyi kungakhale koopsa, koma kwapulumutsa miyoyo ya makanda ambiri.
Kodi Cardiac Shunt ingapewedwe?
Palibe njira yotsimikizika 100% yopewera kugunda kwa mtima. Komabe, ngati muli ndi pakati, mutha kutsatira zizolowezi zabwino kuti muwonjezere mwayi wanu wokhala ndi mwana wathanzi:
Pewani zinthu zoopsa: Pewani mowa, fodya, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndi kumwa caffeine wambiri.
Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi: Pewani zakudya zomwe zingawonjezere chiopsezo cha matenda, monga nyama yosaphikidwa bwino, mitundu ina ya tchizi, ndi zinthu zina za nyama zomwe sizinaphikidwe.
Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse .
Pezani katemera wonse monga momwe dokotala wanu akulangizirani, kuphatikizapo jakisoni wa chimfine.
Mugone maola osachepera asanu ndi awiri mpaka asanu ndi atatu usiku uliwonse. Yesetsani kugona cha kumanzere kuti magazi aziyenda bwino.
Imwani mavitamini a mimba ndi zakudya zina zowonjezera monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera.
Kodi chiyembekezo cha munthu amene ali ndi matenda a mtima (Cardiac Shunt) ndi chotani?
Izi zimasiyananso kwambiri kutengera mtundu ndi kuopsa kwa `(Cardiac Shunt)`. `Yaikulu kapena yoopsa `(Cardiac Shunt)` imafuna chithandizo kuti ipewe mavuto. Mitundu ina ingafunike chithandizo cha opaleshoni mkati mwa milungu ingapo kuchokera pamene mwana wabadwa . Ngati muli ndi `(Pulmonary Hypertension)` yoopsa, mungafunike opaleshoni ya mtima kapena kukhala ndi mavuto. Nthawi zambiri, shunt zomwe sizimakhudza kwambiri kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'magazi sizimayambitsa mavuto aakulu. Sizingakhale ndi zizindikiro zilizonse kapena zimafuna chithandizo chilichonse.
Kodi mukufuna kufunsa dokotala wanu chiyani china?
Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu ali ndi vuto la "Cardiac Shunt", ndi bwino kufunsa dokotala wanu za izi:
Kodi mwana wanga/mwana wanga ali ndi mtundu wanji wa `(Cardiac Shunt)`?
Ndi mayeso ati omwe ine/mwana wanga amafunika kuti ndichite kuti ndipeze izi?
Kodi pali njira zotani zochiritsira?
Kodi ndingachite chiyani kuti ndichepetse chiopsezo cha mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha `(Cardiac Shunt)` iyi?
Kodi pali mwayi wotani woti mwana wanga wotsatira adzakhale ndi ``Cardiac Shunt''?
Kodi tingayembekezere chiyani mtsogolo?
Pomaliza, uthenga wopita nawo kunyumba:
Kuthamanga kwa mtima (cardiac shunt) ndi vuto lachilendo pa momwe magazi amayendera mumtima mwanu. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa cha majini, koma zina zimagwirizananso ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhudza mimba yanu. Zizindikiro za shunt zimasiyana kwambiri. Mitundu ina ya shunt imakhala ndi zizindikiro zochepa kapena sizili ndi zizindikiro. Zina zimakhala zoopsa ndipo zimatha kupha ngati sizikuthandizidwa. Ngati kuthamanga kwa mtima kuli koopsa, dokotala wanu angachite opaleshoni kuti apange njira yatsopano yoyendera magazi.
Kumbukirani, ngati inu kapena mwana wanu muli ndi zizindikiro izi, ndikofunikira kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala popanda kuda nkhawa. Kuzindikira matendawa msanga komanso kulandira chithandizo choyenera kungapangitse zotsatira zabwino kwambiri.
` Kutsekeka kwa mtima, shunt ya mtima, matenda a mtima obadwa nawo, kuyenda kwa magazi, zizindikiro za matenda a mtima, matenda a mtima a ana, opaleshoni ya mtima
⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.
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