Kodi kukana ma fungicides n'chiyani? Tiyeni tikambirane za izi!

Kodi mudamvapo kuti nthawi zina mankhwala operekedwa a matenda a bowa sagwira ntchito bwino monga momwe mukufunira? Nthawi zina mankhwala opha tizilombo omwe dokotala wakupatsani sagwira ntchito. Ndicho chimene timatcha kuti antifungal resistance . Izi zitha kukhala zovuta pang'ono, choncho tiyeni tikambirane za izi m'njira yosavuta yomwe mungamvetse. Izi sizichitika chifukwa thupi lanu likuyamba kukana mankhwala, koma chifukwa bowa palokha lazolowera kulimbana ndi mankhwalawo.

Kodi mankhwala ophera bowa ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, mankhwala ophera bowa ndi mankhwala omwe amathandiza kuwongolera kapena kuthetsa matenda enaake a bowa omwe amakula m'thupi lathu. Mwina mudakumanapo ndi matenda a yisiti, phazi la othamanga, kuyabwa kwa jock, ndi ringworm. Izi ndi zomwe mankhwala ophera bowa awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Angathandizenso kuwongolera matenda oopsa a bowa omwe amakhudza madera monga mapapo, ubongo, ndi magazi.

Chifukwa chiyani kukana ma fungicides kuli vuto lalikulu?

Ili ndi vuto lalikulu la thanzi padziko lonse lapansi . Tangoganizani, tili ndi mankhwala ochepa ophera bowa. Bowa likayamba kukana mankhwala ena, njira zina zomwe tingasankhe zimakhala zochepa. Nthawi zina, mankhwala ena sangakhale othandiza kwenikweni, kapena akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa kwambiri.

Ili ndi gawo limodzi la mawu akuluakulu akuti "Kukana Mankhwala Oletsa Kutupa". Izi zikutanthauza kuti, osati bowa wokha, komanso mabakiteriya, mavairasi, ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zimatha kukhala zosagwira ntchito ku mankhwala opangidwa kuti amenyane nawo. Ngakhale m'dziko ngati United States, akuti anthu pafupifupi mamiliyoni atatu amadwala matenda osagwira ntchito ku mankhwala chaka chilichonse, ndipo anthu oposa 35,000 amafa. Choncho ichi si chinthu chongofunika kuchitenga mopepuka.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa izi?

Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe bowa amakhalira osatha kuchiza matenda a bowa. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opha ma fungicides molakwika: Ichi ndiye chifukwa chachikulu. Zinthu monga kusamwa mankhwala kwa masiku omwe dokotala wakupatsani ndikusiya pakati, kusiya kumwa mankhwalawo, kapena kumwa mlingo wocheperapo kuposa womwe wakupatsani, zimapatsa bowa mwayi wozolowera kulimbana ndi mankhwalawo. Tangoganizirani, ngati muli ndi bowa wa pakhungu ndipo mwauzidwa kuti mumwe mankhwala kwa masiku 7, mumasiya kumwa mankhwalawa mutakhala bwino patatha masiku atatu. Kenako, bowa lomwe silinafe kwathunthu limabwereranso ku moyo ndikusintha kuti likhale lolimba ku mankhwalawo. Nthawi ina mukawapatsa mankhwalawo, sizili kanthu! Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kumwa mlingo womwe wapatsidwa panthawi yomwe mwapatsidwa.

• Kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki:Mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe timamwa nthawi zonse amapha mabakiteriya oipa. Komabe, amaphanso mabakiteriya abwino m'mimba mwathu. Kenako, yisiti yachilengedwe yotchedwa Candida imayamba kukula mopitirira muyeso. Izi zimayambitsa matenda a yisiti otchedwa candidiasis, omwe amafunika mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mukagwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pafupipafupi, mumakhala pachiwopsezo chokhala ndi kukana mankhwala onse awiri.

• Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Ophera Fungicides mu Ulimi: Alimi amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osiyanasiyana ophera fungicides kuti apewe kukula kwa nkhungu pa mbewu. Anthu omwe nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi mankhwala amenewa amakhala ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza matenda ochokera ku bowa omwe sakumana ndi mankhwala ophera fungicides amenewo. Izi zili choncho chifukwa bowa omwe ali m'malo amenewo nthawi zonse amakhala ndi mankhwala amenewa ndipo amakhala osakumana nawo.

• Kusamva mankhwala mwachibadwa: Pali mitundu ina ya bowa yomwe siiyankha mankhwala ophera bowa. Mwachibadwa imakana mankhwala amenewo.

• Kukana mankhwala mwadzidzidzi: Nthawi zina, bowa mwadzidzidzi limakhala losagonja ku mankhwala omwe kale ankagwira ntchito bwino. Sizingatheke kupeza chifukwa chenicheni cha izi.

• Kukana matenda opatsirana: Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Munthu amene ali ndi matenda opatsirana a bowa omwe sagonjetsedwa ndi mankhwala amatha kuwapatsira wina. Ndiye, ngakhale munthu amene wangoyamba kumene kutenga matendawo sanagwiritsepo ntchito mankhwala opha mabakiteriya, matenda omwe amabwera nawo sangayankhe mankhwalawo.

Ndani amene ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu?

Anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka amakhala ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza matenda oopsa a bowa komanso kukana mankhwala opha ma fungus. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Anthu omwe ali ndi Edzi
• Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a autoimmune monga lupus
• Odwala khansa
• Anthu omwe adasinthidwa ziwalo zawo
• Anthu omwe adasamutsidwapo maselo oyambira (mafupa)

Popeza anthuwa sangathe kulimbana ndi matenda a bowa kuposa munthu wamba, ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga bowa wosamva mankhwala.

Kodi mavuto otani omwe amabwera chifukwa cha kukana fungicide?

Mitundu ina ya bowa yakhala yolimba kwambiri ku mankhwala opha ma fungus. Timatcha izi 'superbugs' . Ngakhale mutamwa mankhwalawo, bowa awa amapitirirabe kuchulukana ndikuyambitsa matenda.

Tili ndi magulu atatu akuluakulu a mankhwala opha ma fungus: azoles, echinocandins, ndi polyenes. Bowa lomwe silingathe kupirira mtundu umodzi wa mankhwala silingathe kuyankha mankhwala aliwonse omwe alipo pano.

Kodi 'ma superbugs' amenewa ndi chiyani?

Pali matenda angapo a bowa omwe ndi ovuta kuchiza ndipo amagwera m'gulu la 'super bowa':

• Aspergillus fumigatus: Uwu ndi mtundu wa bowa. Umayambitsa matenda a m'mapapo otchedwa aspergillosis. Anthu pafupifupi mazana awiri zikwi padziko lonse lapansi amadwala matendawa chaka chilichonse, makamaka popuma spores kuchokera ku bowa uwu. Matendawa akuchulukirachulukira kukana mankhwala ophera bowa otchedwa azole fungicides.

• Candida: Mtundu uwu wa yisiti umakhala mwachibadwa pakhungu lathu komanso m'thupi lathu. Komabe, ngati Candida ikalowa m'magazi, ingayambitse matenda oopsa otchedwa candidemia. Matendawa sagwiranso ntchito bwino ndi mankhwala a azole.

• Candida glabrata: C. glabrata ndi bowa lomwe limakhudza njira ya mkodzo. Likuyamba kukana ma azoles ndi ma echinocandins, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti odwala asamalandire chithandizo chokwanira.

Kodi 'Candida auris' ndi chiyani?

Candida auris (C. auris) ndi kachilombo katsopano komanso koopsa kamene kanapezeka koyamba mu 2009. Kafalikira mofulumira padziko lonse lapansi ndipo kamayambitsa mavuto. Mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a Candida nthawi zambiri sagwira ntchito motsutsana ndi bowa uwu. Mitundu ina ya C. auris imakana mankhwala ambiri . Izi zikutanthauza kuti sangalamuliridwe ndi mankhwala aliwonse ophera tizilombo omwe alipo pano.

Bowa uwu ukhoza kulowa m'magazi ndikukhudza mtima ndi ubongo. Ngati izi zitachitika, anthu oposa gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a omwe ali ndi kachilomboka amatha kufa. Bowa uwu umafalikira mosavuta m'zipatala ndi m'nyumba zosungira okalamba. Umatha kufalikira mwa kukhudzana ndi munthu wodwala kapena kukhudza malo omwe ali ndi bowa. Bowa uwu ukhoza kukhala pamalopo kwa milungu ingapo ndipo ndi wovuta kwambiri kupha.

Kodi matenda oletsa fungicide amachiritsidwa bwanji?

Ngati mtundu umodzi wa mankhwala ophera bowa sugwira ntchito, dokotala wanu adzayesa mtundu wina. Koma, monga ndanenera kale, mankhwala ophera bowa opambana ndi ochepa. Ngati matenda sakuyankha mankhwala ophera bowa, madokotala angayese mankhwala ena. Koma, mwatsoka, mankhwala amenewo akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa kwambiri .

Kodi tingapewe vutoli?

Inde, pali zinthu zomwe tingachite! Njira yabwino yopewera kukana matenda oyambitsidwa ndi bowa ndikumwa mankhwala oyambitsidwa ndi bowa monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera.

Ngati mukuvutika kukumbukira kumwa mankhwala anu, ikani chikumbutso pafoni yanu. Ngati mwaphonya mlingo, imbani dokotala nthawi yomweyo ndikufunsani choti muchite. Nthawi zambiri, ndi bwino kumwa mlingo wotsatira mwamsanga mukangokumbukira.

Kumbukirani, kukana mankhwala ophera fungicide kungachitike pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zina kungachitike mwadzidzidzi komanso mosayembekezereka. Kapena, kungakhale chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera fungicide mopitirira muyeso, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera fungicide molakwika. Anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu. 'Zilombo zoopsa' zina zimakana mankhwala wamba. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala molondola ndiyo njira yofunika kwambiri yochepetsera chiopsezochi.

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira

Kotero, kukana uku koyambitsa matenda oyambitsa matenda komwe tidakambirana lero, komwe ndi "Kukana Kukana Kuyambitsa Matenda O ...

• Tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu molondola: Imwani mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani, kwa masiku enieni komanso mlingo weniweni. Musachepetse, kuonjezera, kapena kusiya kumwa pakati.
• Musagwiritse ntchito maantibayotiki mosafunikira: Maantibayotiki sagwira ntchito pa matenda opatsirana monga chimfine. Musawamwe popanda upangiri wa dokotala.
• Samalani ukhondo: Makamaka m'chipatala, kapena mukakhala pafupi ndi munthu amene chitetezo chamthupi chake chili chofooka, kusamalira ukhondo kungakutetezeni ku matenda opatsirana.
• Dziwani: Ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa zinthu izi ndikuphunzitsa ena.

Ndikukhulupirira kuti izi zikuthandizani. Ngati muli ndi mafunso ena okhudzana ndi izi, musazengereze kufunsa dokotala. Khalani ndi thanzi labwino!

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